Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
U
Pj
and
j =
U
M j
j =
U
T j
N N
kV V
M M
T T
U
dx +
dx +
dx +
dx
=
EA Fi
GA Fi
EI Fi
GJ Fi
Fi
i =
N N
kV V
M M
T T
U
dx +
dx +
dx +
dx
=
EA M i
GA M i
EI M i
GJ M i
M i
N N
kV V
M M
T T
U
dx +
dx +
dx +
dx
i =
=
EA M i
GA M i
EI M i
GJ M i
M i
Procedure
Write an expression for each of the
internal actions (axial force, bending
moment, shear force, and torque) in each
member of the structure in terms of
external loads.
Take derivatives of strain energy to get
deflections and/or rotations
Example
M = ( Px + 0.5wx 2 )
M
= x
P
L
1
1 PL3 wL4
M M
2
3
( Px + 0.5wx )dx =
yA =
dx =
+
3
8
EI
P
EI
EI
0
0
L
Solution
Member CD acts like cantilever beam with end load
L
M = Fx
U CD
M 2 dx F 2 L3
=
=
2 EI
6 EI
0
T 2 L F 2 L3 F 2 L3 F 2 L3
=
+
=
+
2GJ 6 EI
2GJ 6 EI
U 4 FL3 2 FL3
=
+
yD =
F
GJ
3EI
1.
2.
3.
4.
Example
What is the rotation at point D?
Add clockwise moment m at point D
Examine contribution of member CD
L
M = Fx + m
U CD =
( Fx + m )
dx
2 EI
U CD
m
m=0
Fxdx FL2
=
=
EI
2 EI
0
(T + m )
=
2GJ
(U BC )torsion
m
m =0
TL FL2
=
=
GJ GJ
Example continued
Member AB
M AB = Fx ( FL m )
(U AB )bending
m
=
m=0
Altogether
Please check!
(U AB )bending
( Fx FL ) dx = FL2
EI
FL2
D =
GJ
2 EI
Fx + m FL ) dx
(
=
2 EI
0
L
= bQ1
Q2 = 0
= bQ2
Q1 = 0
Simple example
What is the rotation of a cantilever beam under
end force?
Requires dealing with bending moment that is function
of location
d 2w
EI 2 = P ( L x)
w(0) = w '(0) = 0
dx
dw P
PL2
2
=
( Lx x / 2) w '( L) =
dx EI
2 EI
=M
dx 2
M 2
w=
x
2 EI
EI
Beware of units!
w(0) = w '(0) = 0
ML2
w( L) =
2 EI
Reading assignment
Section 5.5: What is more difficult about applying Castiglianos
theorem to statically indeterminate structures compared to
statically determinate ones?