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Session 106

Build a 2-axis turret lathe


This session demonstrates how to define a 2-axis turret lathe machine. The principles
demonstrated by this session apply when defining machines with turrets with multiple
tools to be loaded. This session focuses on defining the components and models to build a
functional machine. Minimal consideration is given to display properties (e.g. color, draw
mode, etc.).
The figure below shows the sample NC machine tool to be defined. The illustration
identifies the machine coordinate system (XcYcZc axes), motion axes, and major
components. A Fanuc 15T CNC turning control will be used. The machine is a 45 slant
bed lathe; therefore the X-axis is angled 45. The turret has twelve index positions. The
sample tool path uses three tools. After building this 2-axis lathe and a configuring a
corresponding Project file, VERICUT will be configured to simulate the cutting action of
the sample G-Code tool path file.
In the figure below, the XcYcZc axes represents the machine zero coordinate system. The
machine is shown in retract position X460 Z520 (millimeters).

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Session Steps:
1. Start from a new Millimeter Project file
File > New Project >Millimeter
2. Display the axis systems in a Machine/Cut Stock view

Right-click in the graphics area, View Type= Machine/Cut Stock


Right-click in the graphics area, Display Axes > Component,
Repeat for Model
Repeat for Driven Point Zero
Right-click in the graphics area, Select View > H-ISO

Note: Nothing will display on the screen until the next step.

3. Open the Fanuc 15T Control file configured for turret lathes

In the Project tree, select Project, right-click, Expand All Children


In the Project tree, select Control, right-click, Open
Shortcut=Library
File Name=fan15t_t.ctl, Open

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The following steps define the components from "Base" to "Tool"


The components on the tool side of the machine are: Base > Z > X > Turret > Tool
This session shows you how to set component colors that will be inherited by models
attached to the components later.

4. Display the Component Tree

Configuration > Component Tree

5. Set the color for the "Base" component


Select

Base (0, 0, 0) in the Component Tree then, right-click to pop up the


menu
Component Attributes
Color=4:Cornflower Blue
Apply (leave the Modeling window open to set colors on components that will be
added)

6. Add "Z" to "Base"


With

Base (0, 0, 0) selected in the Component Tree, right-click > Append > Z
Linear
In the Modeling
window, Color=3:Light Steel Blue
Apply
Position tab
Rotate tab
Increment=45, Z+
Apply

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7. Add "X" to "Z"


With

Z (0, 0, 0 ) selected in the Component Tree, right-click > Append > X

Linear
In the Modeling window, Component Attributes tab
Color=3Light Steel Blue
Apply

8. Add "Turret" to "X"

With X (0, 0, 0 ) selected in the Component Tree, right-click > Append > C
Turret
In the Modeling window, Color=2:Aquamarine
Apply

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The following steps define the tool components for the 12 index
positions of the turret

9. Add "Tool" to "Turret"


To accommodate a full turret setup of 12 tools, 12 Tool components would need to be
added to the turret. To help in creating these 12 tool components we will use the Turret
Aid. The gage points where the tool assemblies will be loaded are located 230 mm from
the center of the turret and at 30 increments.

With Turret C (0, 0, 0) selected, go to the Component Attributes tab in the


Modeling window
Select Turret Aid

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In the Turret Aid window fill in the following


Number Of Faces= 12
Inscribed Circle Radius= 230
Zmin= 0
Zmax= 95
File Name= turret
Select Add Sweep Model, use Fit in the simulation window
Tool Component Name= Tool
Starting Tool Index= 1
Starting Index Origin R=230 A=180 degree Z=0
Index Direction= CounterClockwise
Select Add Tool Component
Close

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The Component Tree window now shows all the Tool components defined in the position
and orientation where a cutting tool assembly will be loaded. For this example of a lathe
with a turret, the T word in the program represents the index position of the turret. This is
why each tool component has a different Tool Index number. When a T word is
encountered in the program, the turret is rotated to align the selected index position with
the workpiece.
The Tool components must be defined prior to processing a tool path file, or attempting
to move the machine via MDI.

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The following steps define the components from "Base" to "Stock"


The components on the stock side of the machine are: Base > Spindle > Fixture > Stock

10. Add "Spindle" to "Base"


Select

Base (0, 0, 0) in the Component Tree, then right-click Append >


Spindle
In the Modeling window, Component Attributes tab
Color=3:Light Steel Blue
Apply

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11. Cut and Paste the "Attach" component to "Spindle"

Select Attach (0, 0, 0) in the Component Tree, then right-click > Cut
Select the Spindle (0, 0, 0) in the Component Tree, then right-click > Paste

NOTE: The

Attach (0, 0, 0) component can also be moved by left-clicking on


the component and then dragging and dropping it on the Spindle (0, 0,
0) component.

OK in the Modeling Window

The Fixture component origin is the location where the fixture models will be loaded.
The presence of a fixture component in the machine definition does not affect how a tool
path file is processed, however, it is useful for detecting collisions between the fixture
and other machine components.
The Attach component origin is the origin in which setup (fixture and stock) will be
loaded. Every machine definition must include an Attach component. The Stock
component is typically connected to a Fixture component, but this does not have to be the

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case. The Stock component must be connected to a spindle component to be recognized


as a spinning stock.
With the machine located at machine zero, the "Turret" and "Spindle" components will
appear in a collision state.
Since VERICUT machines are constructed with all components located at their
respective zero locations, collisions during machine definition are common. The next step
defines an Initial Machine Location table to move the machine out of the collision state to
its start-up position.

12.

Set an "Initial Machine Location" table to locate the machine at


X460 Y0 Z520

The Initial Machine Location table describes where the machine is initially positioned,
how the machine moves when changing tools, and the location of the machine's reference
point.

Configuration > Machine Settings


Tables tab
Add/Modify
Table Name=Initial Machine Location
Values(XYZABCUVWABC)=460 0 520
Add
Close

OK

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13. Reset the machine to verify the new initial machine location

Info > Status


Configure icon
Machine X
Machine Z
Configure icon

Reset Model

Notice the Machine X and Z values in the Status window.

Close the Status Window

14. Save a "2axturret.mch" Machine file


Save the machine configuration in a Machine file using the Component Tree
window File menu. While working on your machine, update the Machine file
periodically via the Save functions.

In the Component Tree, select File > Save As Machine


Shortcut=Working Directory
File Name=2axturret.mch, Save

NOTE: The Machine File can also be saved via: Configuration > Machine >
Save As

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The following steps will add Models to "Tool side" Components

15. Add the "Base" models


The Base shape is defined from two blocks:
Block #1:
In the Component Tree select Base (0, 0, 0) , right-click, Component
Attributes
Model tab
Type=Block
Length(X)=480, Width(Y)=1280, Height(Z)=600
Color=Inherit (colors can be selected for individual models to highlight details
on the machine)
Add
Position tab
Position= -230 -1050 -625.4
Apply

Hint: Use Fit

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as needed throughout this session to see the entire machine.

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Block #2:

Model tab
Type=Block
Length(X)=540, Width(Y)=815, Height(Z)=1550
Add
Position tab
Position=250 -1050 -625.4
Apply

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16. Add the "Z" models

In the Component Tree, select Z (0, 0, 0 )


In the Modeling panel, Model tab
Type=Block
Length(X)=804, Width(Y)=20, Height(Z)=190
Add
Position tab
Position=-10.6 -240 158
Apply
Model tab
Type=Block
Length(X)=804, Width(Y)=20, Height(Z)=150
Add
Position tab
Position=-10.6 -260 178
Apply
Model tab
Type=Model File
Browse
Shortcut= Training
File Name= turret_z.swp, Open
Add

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17. Add the "X" model

In the Component Tree, select X (0, 0, 0 )


In the Modeling panel, Model tab
Type=Model File
Browse
Shortcut=Training
File Name=turret_x.swp, Open
Add
Position tab
Position=0 -260 128
Apply

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18. Add an additional model to "Turret C"


The Turret already has a sweep model. Now you are adding a piece to connect the turret
sweep created earlier to the turret housing.

In the Component Tree, select


Model tab
Type=Cylinder
Height(Z)=33, Radius=182.5
Add
Position tab
Position= 0 0 95
Apply
Model tab

Turret C (0, 0, 0)

Models are not used for the Tool component shape. Instead, tool data is retrieved from a
Tool Library file specified using the Tool Manager. On a turret lathe, all the tools are
loaded at the start of the program. Each tool is attached to a different tool component. If a
Turret component is present, matching tool IDs from the tool library will be
automatically loaded to their respective Tool Index number. The tool origin will be
loaded at the Tool component origin with the tool coordinate system aligned with the tool
component coordinate system.

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The following steps will add Models to "Stock side" Components

19. Add the "Fixture" models

In the Component Tree, select Fixture (0, 0, 0)


Model tab
Type=Cylinder
Height(Z)=76.2, Radius=170
Add
Type=Model File
Browse
Shortcut=Training
File Name= turret_fixture.ply, Open
Add
Position tab
Position=0 0 107
Apply

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20. Add the "Stock" model


In the Component Tree, select Stock(0, 0, 0)
Model tab
Type=Model File
Browse
Shortcut=Training
File Name= turret_stock.ply, Open
Add
Position tab
Position=0 0 107
Apply
Rotate tab
Center of rotation =0 0 107
Display center of rotation
Apply
Increment=90 , Y-

OK to close the Modeling panel

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21. Save the Machine file


Save the machine configuration in a Machine file using the File menu in the Component
Tree window. After the initial save, update the Machine file periodically using the Save
function.

In the Component Tree window, select File > Save Machine


Close the Component Tree
22. Load the turret.tls" Tool Library

In the Project tree, select


Shortcut=Training
File Name=turret.tls
Open

Tooling, right-click,

Open

Reset Model

Notice that the 3 tool assemblies are automatically loaded on the turret.

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23. Open the "turret.mcd" turning NC program file


In the Project tree, select NC Programs, right-click,

Add/Modify NC

Programs
Add
Shortcut=Training
File Name=turret.mcd, OK, OK
The NC Program origin is located at the base of the stock. The stock is located 106.68mm
from the spindle face (Z 0). Since no work offsets are defined in the program (G54G55...), a Program Zero table is entered to move the tool path origin relative to the
machine origin.

24. Locate Program Zero at the Stock component origin

In the Project tree, select Setup:1, right-click, G-Code > Settings


Tables tab
Add/Modify
Table Name = Program Zero
Select From/To Locations
From, Component, Name = Turret C
To, Component, Name = Stock , Offset = 0 0 107
Add
Close
OK

25. Save a "2axturret.vcproject" Project File


File > Save As
Shortcut=Working Directory
File Name=2axturret.vcproject, Save

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26. Reset and Cut the part

Reset Model

Play to end

27. Exit VERICUT

File > Exit


Ignore All Changes

Conclusion
This session provided experience with configuring the kinematic properties, and adding
models, for a Fanuc-controlled 2-axis lathe. A sample G-Code turning tool path is
simulated using tooling retrieved from an existing VERICUT Tool Library file.

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