C2 Chapter 01 PDF

Heinemann Solutionbank: Core Maths 2 C2
Page 1 of 3
Solutionbank C2
Edexcel Modular Mathematics for AS and A-Level
Algebra and functions
Exercise A, Question 1
Question:
Simplify these fractions:
4x4 + 5x2 7x
(a)
7x8 5x5 + 9x3 + x2
(b)
2x3 + x
(c)
x4 + 4x2 + 6
(d)
7x5 x3 4
(e)
8x4 4x3 + 6x
(f)
2x
9x2 12x3 3x
(g)
3x
8x5 2x3
(h)
4x
7x3 x4 2
(i)
5x
4x2 + 6x4 2x
(j)
2x
x8 + 9x4 + 6
(k)
2x
9x9 6x4 2
(l)
3x
Solution:
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c2_1_a_1.html
3/9/2013
4x4 + 5x2 7x
(a)
4x4
5x2
7x8 5x5 + 9x3 + x2
(b)
7x8
2x3 + x
(c)
x4 + 4x2 + 6
(d)
7x5 x3 4
7x5
2x
3x
8x5 2x3
(h)
8x5
4x
4x
7x3 x4 2
(i)
5x
4x2 + 6x4 2x
(j)
= 3x 4x2 1
7x2
5x
2x
5x
x3
6x4
2x
4
x
x2
4x2
2x
2x2
x4
3x
= 2x4
4x
7x3
5x
2x3
3x
3x
6
x
= 4x3 2x2 + 3
2x
12x3
3x
= 7x7 5x4 + 9x2 + x
= x3 + 4x +
6x
2x
9x2
= 7x4 x2
4x3
2x
9x2 12x3 3x
(g)
8x4
x2
x3
8x4 4x3 + 6x
(f)
4x2
9x3
= 2x2 + 1
x4
(e)
= 4x3 + 5x 7
5x5
2x3
7x
Page 2 of 3
2
5x
2x
2x
3x4
+1
= 2x 3x3 + 1
x8 + 9x4 + 6
(k)
x8
2x
9x4
x7
x8
2x
9x9
2x4
= 3x8 + 2x3 +
6
2x
3x
3x9
9x9 6x4 2
(l)
2x
9x3
9x4
2x
2x
3x
6x4
3x
2
3x
3x
2
3x
3/9/2013
Page 3 of 3
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 4
Solutionbank C2
Exercise A, Question 2
Question:
Simplify these fractions as far as possible:
(x+3) (x2)
(a)
(x2)
( x + 4 ) ( 3x 1 )
(b)
( 3x 1 )
(x+3) 2
(c)
(x+3)
x2 + 10x + 21
(d)
(x+3)
x2 + 9x + 20
(e)
(x+4)
x2 + x 12
(f)
(x3)
x2 + x 20
(g)
x2 + 2x 15
x2 + 3x + 2
(h)
x2 + 5x + 4
x2 + x 12
(i)
x2 9x + 18
2x2 + 7x + 6
(j)
(x5) (x+2)
2x2 + 9x 18
(k)
(x+6) (x+1)
(l)
( 3x 1 ) ( x + 2 )
3x2 7x + 2
2x2 + 3x + 1
(m)
x2 x 2
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\C2_1_A_2.html
3/9/2013
Page 2 of 4
x2 + 6x + 8
(n)
3x2 + 7x + 2
2x2 5x 3
(o)
2x2 9x + 9
Solution:
(a)
(x+3) (x2)
(x2)
=x+3
(b)
( x + 4 ) ( 3x 1 )
( 3x 1 )
=x+4
(x+3) 2
(c)
(x+3)
=x+3
x2 + 10x + 21
(d)
x+3
=x+7
x2 + 9x + 20
(e)
x+4
=x+5
x2 + x 12
(f)
x3
3/9/2013
Page 3 of 4
=x+4
x2 + x 20
(g)
x2 + 2x 15
x4
x3
x2 + 3x + 2
(h)
x2 + 5x + 4
x+2
x+4
x2 + x 12
(i)
x2 9x + 18
x+4
x6
2x2 + 7x + 6
(j)
(x5) (x+2)
2x + 3
x5
2x2 + 9x 18
(k)
(x+6) (x+1)
2x 3
x+1
3/9/2013
Page 4 of 4
3x2 7x + 2
(l)
( 3x 1 ) ( x + 2 )
x2
x+2
2x2 + 3x + 1
(m)
x2 x 2
2x + 1
x2
x2 + 6x + 8
(n)
3x2 + 7x + 2
x+4
3x + 1
2x2 5x 3
(o)
2x2 9x + 9
2x + 1
2x 3
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 4
Solutionbank C2
Exercise B, Question 1
Question:
Divide:
(a) x3 + 6x2 + 8x + 3 by ( x + 1 )
(b) x3 + 10x2 + 25x + 4 by ( x + 4 )
(c) x3 + 7x2 3x 54 by ( x + 6 )
(d) x3 + 9x2 + 18x 10 by ( x + 5 )
(e) x3 x2 + x + 14 by ( x + 2 )
(f) x3 + x2 7x 15 by ( x 3 )
(g) x3 5x2 + 8x 4 by ( x 2 )
(h) x3 3x2 + 8x 6 by ( x 1 )
(i) x3 8x2 + 13x + 10 by ( x 5 )
(j) x3 5x2 6x 56 by ( x 7 )
Solution:
x2 + 5x +
x3
x+1
6x2
+ 8x + 3
x3 + x2
5x2 + 8x
(a)
5x2 + 5x
3x + 3
3x + 3
0
Answer is x2 + 5x + 3
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\C2_1_B_1.html
3/9/2013
x2 + 6x +
Page 2 of 4
x3 + 10x2 + 25x + 4
x+4
x3 + 4x2
6x2 + 25x
(b)
6x2 + 24x
x + 4
x + 4
0
x2 + x
x3 + 7x2 3x 54
x+6
x3 + 6x2
x2 3x
(c)
x2 + 6x
9x 54
9x 54
0
Answer is x2 + x 9
x2 + 4x
x3 + 9x2 + 18x 10
x+5
x3 + 5x2
4x2 + 18x
(d)
4x2 + 20x
2x 10
2x 10
0
Answer is x2 + 4x 2
x2 3x +
x3
x+2
x2
+ x + 14
x3 + 2x2
3x2 + x
(e)
3x2 6x
7x + 14
7x + 14
0
Answer is x2 3x + 7
3/9/2013
x2 + 4x +
x3 +
x3
Page 3 of 4
x2 7x 15
x3 3x2
4x2 7x
(f)
4x2 12x
5x 15
5x 15
0
x2 3x +
x3 5x2 +
x2
2
8x 4
x3 2x2
3x2 + 8x
(g)
3x2 + 6x
2x 4
2x 4
0
Answer is x2 3x + 2
x2 2x +
x3 3x2 + 8x 6
x1
x3 x2
2x2 + 8x
(h)
2x2 + 2x
6x 6
6x 6
0
Answer is x2 2x + 6
x2 3x
x3
x5
8x2
+ 13x + 10
x3 5x2
3x2 + 13x
(i)
3x2 + 15x
2x + 10
2x + 10
0
Answer is x2 3x 2
3/9/2013
x2 + 2x +
Page 4 of 4
x3 5x2 6x 56
x7
x3 7x2
2x2 6x
(j)
2x2 14x
8x 56
8x 56
0
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 4
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Divide:
(a) 6x3 + 27x2 + 14x + 8 by ( x + 4 )
(b) 4x3 + 9x2 3x 10 by ( x + 2 )
(c) 3x3 10x2 10x + 8 by ( x 4 )
(d) 3x3 5x2 4x 24 by ( x 3 )
(e) 2x3 + 4x2 9x 9 by ( x + 3 )
(f) 2x3 15x2 + 14x + 24 by ( x 6 )
(g) 3x3 + 2x2 2x 7 by ( x + 1 )
(h) 2x3 + 5x2 + 17x 20 by ( x 4 )
(i) 5x3 27x2 + 23x + 30 by ( x + 6 )
(j) 4x3 + 9x2 3x + 2 by ( x 2 )
Solution:
6x2 + 3x +
6x3
x+4
27x2
+ 14x + 8
6x3 + 24x2
3x2 + 14x
(a)
3x2 + 12x
2x + 8
2x + 8
0
Answer is 6x2 + 3x + 2
3/9/2013
4x2 + x
Page 2 of 4
4x3 + 9x2 3x 10
x+2
4x3 + 8x2
x2 3x
(b)
x2 + 2x
5x 10
5x 10
0
Answer is 4x2 + x 5
x4
3x2 + 2x
3x3 10x2
10x + 8
3x3 12x2
2x2 10x
(c)
2x2 8x
2x + 8
2x + 8
0
Answer is 3x2 + 2x 2
x3
3x2 + 4x +
3x3 5x2
4x 24
3x3
9x2
4x2 4x
(d)
4x2 12x
8x 24
8x 24
0
2x2 2x
2x3
x+3
4x2
3
9x 9
2x3 + 6x2
2x2 9x
(e)
2x2 6x
3x 9
3x 9
0
Answer is 2x2 2x 3
3/9/2013
2x2 3x
Page 3 of 4
2x3 15x2 + 14x + 24
x6
2x3 12x2
3x2 + 14x
(f)
3x2 + 18x
4x + 24
4x + 24
0
Answer is 2x2 3x 4
3x2 + 5x
3x3 + 2x2 2x 7
x+1
3x3 3x2
5x2 2x
(g)
5x2 + 5x
7x 7
7x 7
0
Answer is 3x2 + 5x 7
2x2 3x +
2x3 + 5x2 + 17x 20
x4
2x3 + 8x2
3x2 + 17x
(h)
3x2 + 12x
5x 20
5x 20
0
Answer is 2x2 3x + 5
5x2 + 3x +
x+6
5x3
27x2
+ 23x + 30
5x3 30x2
3x2 + 23x
(i)
3x2 + 18x
5x + 30
5x + 30
0
3/9/2013
4x2 + x
Page 4 of 4
4x3 + 9x2 3x + 2
x2
4x3 + 8x2
x2 3x
(j)
x2 2x
x + 2
x + 2
0
Answer is 4x2 + x 1
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 5
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Divide:
(a) x4 + 5x3 + 2x2 7x + 2 by ( x + 2 )
(b) x4 + 11x3 + 25x2 29x 20 by ( x + 5 )
(c) 4x4 + 14x3 + 3x2 14x 15 by ( x + 3 )
(d) 3x4 7x3 23x2 + 14x 8 by ( x 4 )
(e) 3x4 + 9x3 10x2 + x + 14 by ( x 2 )
(f) 3x5 + 17x4 + 2x3 38x2 + 5x 25 by ( x + 5 )
(g) 6x5 19x4 + x3 + x2 + 13x + 6 by ( x 3 )
(h) 5x5 + 7x4 + 2x3 7x2 + 10x 7 by ( x 1 )
(i) 2x6 11x5 + 14x4 16x3 + 36x2 10x 24 by ( x 4 )
(j) x6 + 4x5 4x4 + 4x3 5x2 + 7x 3 by ( x 3 )
Solution:
x3 + 3x2
x4
x+2
5x3
4x + 1
2x2 7x + 2
x4 + 2x3
3x3 + 2x2
3x3 + 6x2
(a)
4x2 7x
4x2 8x
x + 2
x + 2
0
Answer is x3 + 3x2 4x + 1
3/9/2013
x3 + 6x2
Page 2 of 5
5x 4
x4 + 11x3 + 25x2 29x 20
x+5
x4 + 5x3
6x3 + 25x2
6x3 + 30x2
(b)
5x2 29x
5x2 25x
4x 20
4x 20
0
Answer is x3 + 6x2 5x 4
4x3 + 2x2
3x 5
4x4 + 14x3 + 3x2 14x 15
x+3
4x4 + 12x3
2x3 + 3x2
2x3 + 6x2
(c)
3x2 14x
3x2 9x
5x 15
5x 15
0
Answer is 4x3 + 2x2 3x 5
3x3 + 5x2
3x4
x4
3x + 2
7x3 23x2 + 14x 8
3x4 12x3
5x3 23x2
5x3 20x2
(d)
3x2 + 14x
3x2 + 12x
2x 8
2x 8
0
Answer is 3x3 + 5x2 3x + 2
3/9/2013
3x3 + 3x2
Page 3 of 5
4x 7
x 2 3x4 + 9x3 10x2 + x + 14

3x4 + 6x3
3x3 10x2
3x3 6x2
(e)
4x2 + x
4x2 + 8x
7x + 14
7x + 14
0
Answer is 3x3 + 3x2 4x 7
3x4 + 2x3
8x2 + 2x 5
3x5 + 17x4 + 2x3 38x2 +
x+5
3x5
5x 25
15x4
2x4 + 2x3
2x4 + 10x3
8x3 38x2
(f)
8x3 40x2
2x2 + 5x
2x2 + 10x
5x 25
5x 25
0
Answer is 3x4 + 2x3 8x2 + 2x 5
6x4 x3
2x2 5x 2
6x5 19x4 + x3 + x2 + 13x + 6
x3
6x5 18x4
x4 + x3
x4 + 3x3
2x3 + x2
(g)
2x3 + 6x2
5x2 + 13x
5x2 + 15x
2x + 6
2x + 6
3/9/2013
Page 4 of 5
Answer is 6x4 x3 2x2 5x 2
5x4 + 2x3 +
4x2 3x + 7
5x5 + 7x4 + 2x3 7x2 + 10x 7
x1
5x5 + 5x4
2x4 + 2x3
2x4 2x3
4x3 7x2
(h)
4x3 4x2
3x2 + 10x
3x2 + 3x
7x 7
7x 7
0
Answer is 5x4 + 2x3 + 4x2 3x + 7
2x5 3x4 +
2x3 8x2 + 4x + 6
2x6 11x5 + 14x4 16x3 + 36x2 10x 24
x4
2x6 8x5
3x5 + 14x4
3x5 + 12x4
2x4 16x3
2x4 8x3
(i)
8x3 + 36x2
8x3 + 32x2
4x2 10x
4x2 16x
6x 24
6x 24
0
Answer is 2x5 3x4 + 2x3 8x2 + 4x + 6
3/9/2013
x5 + x4
Page 5 of 5
x3 + x2 2x + 1
x6 + 4x5 4x4 + 4x3 5x2 + 7x 3
x3
x6 + 3x5
x5 4x4
x5 3x4
x4 + 4x3
x4 + 3x3
(j)
x3 5x2
x3 3x2
2x2 + 7x
2x2 + 6x
x3
x3
0
Answer is x5 + x4 x3 + x2 2x + 1
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 2
Solutionbank C2
Exercise C, Question 1
Question:
Divide:
(a) x3 + x + 10 by ( x + 2 )
(b) 2x3 17x + 3 by ( x + 3 )
(c) 3x3 + 50x 8 by ( x 4 )
Solution:
x+2
x2 2x +
x3 + 0x2 +
x + 10
x3 + 2x2
2x2 + x
(a)
2x2 4x
5x + 10
5x + 10
0
Answer is x2 2x + 5
2x2 6x +
2x3 + 0x2 17x + 3
x+3
2x3 + 6x2
6x2 17x
(b)
6x2 18x
x + 3
x + 3
0
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\C2_1_C_1.html
3/9/2013
3x2 12x +
Page 2 of 2
3x3 + 0x2 + 50x 8
x4
3x3 + 12x2
12x2 + 50x
(c)
12x2 + 48x
2x 8
2x 8
0
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 2
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Divide:
(a) x3 + x2 36 by ( x 3 )
(b) 2x3 + 9x2 + 25 by ( x + 5 )
(c) 3x3 + 11x2 20 by ( x 2 )
Solution:
x2 + 4x +
12
x3 + x2 + 0x 36
x3
x3 3x2
4x2 + 0x
(a)
4x2 12x
12x 36
12x 36
0
2x2 x +
2x3 + 9x2 + 0x + 25
x+5
2x3 + 10x2
x2 + 0x
(b)
x2 5x
5x + 25
5x + 25
0
Answer is 2x2 x + 5
3/9/2013
3x2 + 5x +
Page 2 of 2
10
3x3 + 11x2 + 0x 20
x2
3x3 + 6x2
5x2 + 0x
(c)
5x2 10x
10x 20
10x 20
0
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Divide:
(a) x3 + 2x2 5x 10 by ( x + 2 )
(b) 2x3 6x2 + 7x 21 by ( x 3 )
(c) 3x3 + 21x2 4x + 28 by ( x 7 )
Solution:
x2 5
x3 + 2x2 5x 10
x+2
x3 + 2x2
0 5x 10
5x 10
(a)
0
Answer is x2 5
2x2 + 7
2x3 6x2 + 7x 21
x3
2x3 6x2
0 + 7x 21
7x 21
(b)
0
Answer is 2x2 + 7
3x2 4
3x3 + 21x2 4x + 28
x7
3x3 + 21x2
0 4x + 28
4x + 28
(c)
0
Answer is 3x2 4
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 2
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Find the remainder when:
(a) x3 + 4x2 3x + 2 is divided by ( x + 5 )
(b) 3x3 20x2 + 10x + 5 is divided by ( x 6 )
(c) 2x3 + 3x2 + 12x + 20 is divided by ( x 4 )
Solution:
x2 x +
x+5
x3 + 4x2 3x + 2
x3 + 5x2
x2 3x
(a)
x2 5x
2x + 2
2x + 10
8
The remainder is 8.
3x2 2x
x6
3x3
20x2
+ 10x + 5
3x3 18x2
2x2 + 10x
(b)
2x2 + 12x
2x + 5
2x + 12
7
The remainder is 7.
3/9/2013
2x2 5x
x4
Page 2 of 2
2x3 + 3x2 + 12x + 20

2x3 + 8x2
5x2 + 12x
(c)
5x2 + 20x
8x + 20
8x + 32
12
The remainder is 12.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that when 3x3 2x2 + 4 is divided by (x 1) the remainder is 5.
Solution:
3x2 + x +
3x3 2x2 + 0x + 4
x1
3x3 3x2
x2 + 0x
x2 x
x+4
x1
5
So the remainder is 5.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that when 3x4 8x3 + 10x2 3x 25 is divided by (x + 1) the remainder is 1.
Solution:
3x3 11x2 + 21x

x+1
24
3x4 8x3 + 10x2 3x 25

3x4 + 3x3
11x3 + 10x2
11x3 11x2
21x2 3x
21x2 + 21x
24x 25
24x 24
1
So the remainder is 1.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that (x + 4) is the factor of 5x3 73x + 28.
Solution:
5x2 20x +
5x3 + 0x2 73x + 28
x+4
5x3 + 20x2
20x2 73x
20x2 80x
7x + 28
7x + 28
0
The remainder is 0, so x + 4 is a factor of 5x3 73x + 28.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
3x3 8x 8
Simplify
x2
Solution:
3x2 + 6x +
3x3 + 0x2 8x 8
x2
3x3 6x2
6x2 8x
6x2 12x
4x 8
4x 8
0
3x3 8x 8
So
x2
= 3x2 + 6x + 4.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Divide x3 1 by (x 1).
Solution:
x2 + x +
x3 + 0x2 + 0x 1
x1
x3 x2
x2 + 0x
x2 x
x 1
x 1
0
Answer is x2 + x + 1.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Divide x4 16 by (x + 2).
Solution:
x3 2x2 + 4x
x4 + 0x3 + 0x2 + 0x 16
x+2
x4 + 2x3
2x3 + 0x2
2x3 4x2
4x2 + 0x
4x2 + 8x
8x 16
8x 16
0
Answer is x3 2x2 + 4x 8.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Exercise D, Question 1
Question:
Use the factor theorem to show:
(a) ( x 1 ) is a factor of 4x3 3x2 1
(b) ( x + 3 ) is a factor of 5x4 45x2 6x 18
(c) ( x 4 ) is a factor of 3x3 + 13x2 6x + 8
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = 4x3 3x2 1
f(1) =4(1) 33(1) 2 1 =431=0
So ( x 1 ) is a factor of 4x3 3x2 1
(b) f ( x ) = 5x4 45x2 6x 18
f ( 3 ) = 5 ( 3 ) 4 45 ( 3 ) 2 6 ( 3 ) 18
f ( 3 ) = 5 ( 81 ) 45 ( 9 ) + 18 18 = 405 405 = 0
So ( x + 3 ) is a factor of 5x4 45x2 6x 18
(c) f ( x ) = 3x3 + 13x2 6x + 8
f ( 4 ) = 3 ( 4 ) 3 + 13 ( 4 ) 2 6 ( 4 ) + 8
f ( 4 ) = 192 + 208 24 + 8 = 0
So ( x 4 ) is a factor of 3x3 + 13x2 6x + 8
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\C2_1_D_1.html
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( x 1 ) is a factor of x3 + 6x2 + 5x 12 and hence factorise the expression completely.
Solution:
f ( x ) = x3 + 6x2 + 5x 12
f ( 1 ) = ( 1 ) 3 + 6 ( 1 ) 2 + 5 ( 1 ) 12 = 1 + 6 + 5 12 = 0
So ( x 1 ) is a factor of x3 + 6x2 + 5x 12
x2 + 7x +
x3
x1
x3
6x2
12
+ 5x 12
x2
7x2 + 5x
7x2 7x
12x 12
12x 12
0
x2
Now + 7x + 12 = ( x + 3 ) ( x + 4 )
So x3 + 6x2 + 5x 12 = ( x 1 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 4 )
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( x + 1 ) is a factor of x3 + 3x2 33x 35 and hence factorise the expression completely.
Solution:
f ( x ) = x3 + 3x2 33x 35
f ( 1 ) = ( 1 ) 3 + 3 ( 1 ) 2 33 ( 1 ) 35 = 1 + 3 + 33 35 = 0
So ( x + 1 ) is a factor of x3 + 3x2 33x 35
x2 + 2x
x3
x+1
x3
3x2
35
33x 35
x2
2x2 33x
2x2 + 2x
35x 35
35x 35
0
x2
Now + 2x 35 = ( x + 7 ) ( x 5 )
So x3 + 3x2 33x 35 = ( x + 1 ) ( x + 7 ) ( x 5 )
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( x 5 ) is a factor of x3 7x2 + 2x + 40 and hence factorise the expression completely.
Solution:
f ( x ) = x3 7x2 + 2x + 40
f ( 5 ) = ( 5 ) 3 7 ( 5 ) 2 + 2 ( 5 ) + 40
f ( 5 ) = 125 175 + 10 + 40 = 0
So ( x 5 ) is a factor of x3 7x2 + 2x + 40
x5
x2 2x
x3
2x + 40
7x2
x3 5x2
2x2 + 2x
2x2 + 10x
8x + 40
8x + 40
0
x2
Now 2x 8 = ( x 4 ) ( x + 2 )
So x3 7x2 + 2x + 40 = ( x 5 ) ( x 4 ) ( x + 2 ) .
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( x 2 ) is a factor of 2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8 and hence factorise the expression completely.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8
f ( 2 ) = 2 ( 2 ) 3 + 3 ( 2 ) 2 18 ( 2 ) + 8 = 16 + 12 36 + 8 = 0
So ( x 2 ) is a factor of 2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8
2x2 + 7x
2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8
x2
2x3 4x2
7x2 18x
7x2 14x
4x + 8
4x + 8
0
Now 2x2 + 7x 4 = ( 2x 1 ) ( x + 4 )
So 2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8 = ( x 2 ) ( 2x 1 ) ( x + 4 )
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 2
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Each of these expressions has a factor ( x p ) . Find a value of p and hence factorise the expression completely.
(a) x3 10x2 + 19x + 30
(b) x3 + x2 4x 4
(c) x3 4x2 11x + 30
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = x3 10x2 + 19x + 30
f ( 1 ) = ( 1 ) 3 10 ( 1 )
So ( x + 1 ) is a factor.
x2 11x + 30
+ 19 ( 1 ) + 30 = 1 10 19 + 30 = 0
x3 10x2 + 19x + 30
x+1
x3 +
x2
11x2 + 19x
11x2 11x
30x + 30
30x + 30
0
Now x2 11x + 30 = ( x 5 ) ( x 6 )
So x3 10x2 + 19x + 30 = ( x + 1 ) ( x 5 ) ( x 6 ) .
(b) f ( x ) = x3 + x2 4x 4
f( 1) = ( 1) 3+ ( 1)
x2 4
4( 1) 4= 1+1+44=0
x3 + x2 4x 4
x+1
x3 + x2
0 4x 4
4x 4
0
x2
Now 4 = ( x 2 ) ( x + 2 )
So x3 + x2 4x 4 = ( x + 1 ) ( x 2 ) ( x + 2 )
(c) f ( x ) = x3 4x2 11x + 30

f ( 2 ) = ( 2 ) 3 4 ( 2 ) 2 11 ( 2 ) + 30 = 8 16 22 + 30 = 0
So ( x 2 ) is a factor.
3/9/2013
x2 2x
Page 2 of 2
15
x3 4x2 11x + 30
x2
x3 2x2
2x2 11x
2x2 + 4x
15x + 30
15x + 30
0
x2
Now 2x 15 = ( x + 3 ) ( x 5 )
So x3 4x2 11x + 30 = ( x 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x 5 ) .
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 2
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Factorise:
(a) 2x3 + 5x2 4x 3
(b) 2x3 17x2 + 38x 15
(c) 3x3 + 8x2 + 3x 2
(d) 6x3 + 11x2 3x 2
(e) 4x3 12x2 7x + 30
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = 2x3 + 5x2 4x 3
f(1) =2(1) 3+5(1) 24(1) 3=2+543=0
2x2 + 7x + 3
2x3 + 5x2 4x 3
x1
2x3 2x2
7x2 4x
7x2 7x
3x 3
3x 3
0
Now 2x2 + 7x + 3 = ( 2x + 1 ) ( x + 3 )
So 2x3 + 5x2 4x 3 = ( x 1 ) ( 2x + 1 ) ( x + 3 ) .
(b) f ( x ) = 2x3 17x2 + 38x 15

f ( 3 ) = 2 ( 3 ) 3 17 ( 3 ) 2 + 38 ( 3 ) 15 = 54 153 + 114 15 = 0
2x2 11x + 5
2x3 17x2 + 38x 15
x3
2x3 6x2
11x2 + 38x
11x2 + 33x
5x 15
5x 15
0
Now 2x2 11x + 5 = ( 2x 1 ) ( x 5 )
So 2x3 17x2 + 38x 15 = ( x 3 ) ( 2x 1 ) ( x 5 ) .
3/9/2013
(c) f ( x ) = 3x3 + 8x2 + 3x 2

f( 1) =3( 1) 3+8( 1)
3x2 + 5x 2
Page 2 of 2
+3( 1) 2= 3+832=0
3x3 + 8x2 + 3x 2
x+1
3x3 + 3x2
5x2 + 3x
5x2 + 5x
2x 2
2x 2
0
Now 3x2 + 5x 2 = ( 3x 1 ) ( x + 2 )
So 3x3 + 8x2 + 3x 2 = ( x + 1 ) ( 3x 1 ) ( x + 2 ) .
(d) f ( x ) = 6x3 + 11x2 3x 2

f ( 2 ) = 6 ( 2 ) 3 + 11 ( 2 )
6x2 x 1
3 ( 2 ) 2 = 48 + 44 + 6 2 = 0
6x3 + 11x2 3x 2
x+2
6x3 + 12x2
x2 3x
x2 2x
x2
x2
0
Now 6x2 x 1 = ( 3x + 1 ) ( 2x 1 )
So 6x3 + 11x2 3x 2 = ( x + 2 ) ( 3x + 1 ) ( 2x 1 ) .
(e) f ( x ) = 4x3 12x2 7x + 30

f ( 2 ) = 4 ( 2 ) 3 12 ( 2 ) 2 7 ( 2 ) + 30 = 32 48 14 + 30 = 0
4x2 4x 15
4x3 12x2 7x + 30
x2
4x3 8x2
4x2 7x
4x2 + 8x
15x + 30
15x + 30
0
Now 4x2 4x 15 = ( 2x + 3 ) ( 2x 5 )
So 4x3 12x2 7x + 30 = ( x 2 ) ( 2x + 3 ) ( 2x 5 ) .
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Given that ( x 1 ) is a factor of 5x3 9x2 + 2x + a find the value of a.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 5x3 9x2 + 2x + a
f(1) =0
So 5 ( 1 ) 3 9 ( 1 ) 2 + 2 ( 1 ) + a = 0
59+2+a=0
a=2
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Given that ( x + 3 ) is a factor of 6x3 bx2 + 18 find the value of b.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 6x3 bx2 + 18
f( 3) =0
So 6 ( 3 ) 3 b ( 3 )
162 9b + 18 = 0
9b = 144
b = 16
+ 18 = 0
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Given that ( x 1 ) and ( x + 1 ) are factors of px3 + qx2 3x 7 find the value of p and q.
Solution:
f ( x ) = px3 + qx2 3x 7
f(1) =0
p(1) 3+q(1) 23(1) 7=0
p+q37=0
p + q = 10
f( 1) =0
p( 1) 3+q( 1) 23( 1) 7=0
p+q+37=0
p+q=4
Solve simultaneously:
p + q = 10
p + q = 4
2q = 14
q= 7
p + q = 10, so p = 3.
Answer is p = 3, q = 7.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 3
Solutionbank C2
Exercise E, Question 1
Question:
Find the remainder when:
(a) 4x3 5x2 + 7x + 1 is divided by ( x 2 )
(b) 2x5 32x3 + x 10 is divided by ( x 4 )
(c) 2x3 + 6x2 + 5x 3 is divided by ( x + 1 )
(d) 7x3 + 6x2 45x + 1 is divided by ( x + 3 )
(e) 4x4 4x2 + 8x 1 is divided by ( 2x 1 )
(f) 243x4 27x3 3x + 7 is divided by ( 3x 1 )
(g) 64x3 + 32x2 + 16x + 9 is divided by ( 4x + 1 )
(h) 81x3 81x2 + 9x + 6 is divided by ( 3x 2 )
(i) 243x6 780x2 + 6 is divided by ( 3x + 4 )
(j) 125x4 + 5x3 9x is divided by ( 5x + 3 )
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = 4x3 5x2 + 7x + 1
f(2) =4(2) 35(2) 2+7(2) +1
f ( 2 ) = 32 20 + 14 + 1 = 27
Remainder is 27.
(b) f ( x ) = 2x5 32x3 + x 10
f ( 4 ) = 2 ( 4 ) 5 32 ( 4 ) 3 + ( 4 ) 10
f ( 4 ) = 2048 2048 + 4 10 = 6
Remainder is 6.
(c) f ( x ) = 2x3 + 6x2 + 5x 3
f( 1) = 2( 1) 3+6( 1)
f( 1) =2+653=0
Remainder is 0.
+5( 1) 3
(d) f ( x ) = 7x3 + 6x2 45x + 1

f ( 3 ) = 7 ( 3 ) 3 + 6 ( 3 ) 2 45 ( 3 ) + 1
f ( 3 ) = 189 + 54 + 135 + 1 = 1
Remainder is 1.
(e) f ( x ) = 4x4 4x2 + 8x 1
f
1
2
=4
1
2
1
2
+8
1
2
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\C2_1_E_1.html
3/9/2013
1
2
1
4
1
Remainder is 2
Page 2 of 3
1+41=2
(f) f ( x ) = 243x4 27x3 3x + 7

f
1
3
1
3
= 243
=311+7=8
1
3
27
1
3
+7
16
1
3
Remainder is 8.
(g) f ( x ) = 64x3 + 32x2 16x + 9
f
1
4
1
4
= 64
= 1 + 2 + 4 + 9 = 14
+ 32
+9
Remainder is 14.
(h) f ( x ) = 81x3 81x2 + 9x + 6
f
2
3
2
3
= 81
= 24 36 + 6 + 6 = 0
2
3
81
2
3
+9
2
3
+6
Remainder is 0.
(i) f ( x ) = 243x6 780x2 + 6
f
4
3
4
3
= 243
4096
3
Remainder is 15
1
3
4160
3
780
+6=
64
3
4
3
+ 6 = 21
+6
1
3
+ 6 = 15
1
3
(j) f ( x ) = 125x4 + 5x3 9x

f
3
5
3
5
= 125
Remainder is 20
405
25
13
25
27
25
3
5
= 20.52
27
5
+5
378
25
135
25
513
25
= 20
3
5
13
25
3/9/2013
Page 3 of 3
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
When 2x3 3x2 2x + a is divided by ( x 1 ) the remainder is 4. Find the value of a.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 2x3 3x2 2x + a
f(1) = 4
So 2 ( 1 ) 3 3 ( 1 ) 2 2 ( 1 ) + a = 4
232+a= 4
a= 1
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
When 3x3 + 4x2 + bx + 6 is divided by ( x + 2 ) the remainder is 10. Find the value of b.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 3x3 + 4x2 + bx + 6
f ( 2 ) = 10
So 3 ( 2 ) 3 + 4 ( 2 ) 2 + b ( 2 ) + 6 = 10
24 + 16 2b + 6 = 10
2b = 36
b = 18
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
When 16x3 32x2 + cx 8 is divided by by ( 2x 1 ) the remainder is 1. Find the value of c.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 16x3 32x2 + cx 8
f
1
2
So 16
28+
1
2
=1
1
2
1
2
32
1
2
+c
1
2
8=1
c8=1
c = 15
c = 30
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( x 3 ) is a factor of x6 36x3 + 243.
Solution:
f ( x ) = x6 36x3 + 243
f ( 3 ) = ( 3 ) 6 36 ( 3 ) 3 + 243
f ( 3 ) = 729 972 + 243 = 0
Remainder is 0, so ( x 3 ) is a factor.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( 2x 1 ) is a factor of 2x3 + 17x2 + 31x 20.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 2x3 + 17x2 + 31x 20
f
1
2
1
2
=2
1
4
1
2
17
4
+ 17
31
2
1
2
20 =
+ 31
1 + 17 + 62 80
4
1
2
20
=0
Remainder is 0, so ( 2x 1 ) is a factor.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
f ( x ) = x2 + 3x + q . Given f ( 2 ) = 3 , find f ( 2 ) .
Solution:
f ( x ) = x2 + 3x + q
Given f ( 2 ) = 3 .
So ( 2 ) 2 + 3 ( 2 ) + q = 3
4+6+q=3
q= 7
f ( x ) = x2 + 3x 7
f( 2) = ( 2) 2+3( 2) 7
f( 2) =467= 9
Answer is 9.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
g ( x ) = x3 + ax2 + 3x + 6 . Given g ( 1 ) = 2 , find the remainder when g ( x ) is divided by ( 3x 2 ) .
Solution:
g ( x ) = x3 + ax2 + 3x + 6
Given g ( 1 ) = 2 .
So ( 1 ) 3 + a ( 1 ) 2 + 3 ( 1 ) + 6 = 2
1+a3+6=2
a=0
g ( x ) = x3 + 3x + 6
g
2
3
2
3
Answer is 8
8
27
8
27
2
3
+3
+2+6=8
2
3
+6
8
27
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
The expression 2x3 x2 + ax + b gives a remainder 14 when divided by ( x 2 ) and a remainder 86 when divided
by (x + 3). Find the value of a and b.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 2x3 x2 + ax + b
f ( 2 ) = 14
So 2 ( 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) 2 + a ( 2 ) + b = 14
16 4 + 2a + b = 14
2a + b = 2
f ( 3 ) = 86
So 2 ( 3 ) 3 ( 3 ) 2 + a ( 3 ) + b = 86
54 9 3a + b = 86
3a + b = 23
2a + b =
2
3a + b = 23
5a
= 25
a=5
2a + b = 2
Substitute a = 5:
2(5) +b=2
10 + b = 2
b= 8
Check a = 5, b = 8 by substitution:
3a + b = 3 ( 5 ) + ( 8 ) = 15 8 = 23
Answer is a = 5, b = 8.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
The expression 3x3 + 2x2 px + q is divisible by ( x 1 ) but leaves a remainder of 10 when divided by (x + 1). Find
the value of a and b.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 3x3 + 2x2 px + q
f(1) =0
So 3 ( 1 ) 3 + 2 ( 1 ) 2 p ( 1 ) + q = 0
3+2p+q=0
p+q= 5
f ( 1 ) = 10
So 3 ( 1 ) 3 + 2 ( 1 ) 2 p ( 1 ) + q = 0
3 + 2 + p + q = 10
p + q = 11
p+q= 5
p + q = 11
2q = 6
q=3
Substitute q = 3:
p + q = 11
p + 3 = 11
p=8
Check: p + q = 8 + 3 = 5
Answer is p = 8, q = 3.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Exercise F, Question 1
Question:
Simplify these fractions as far as possible:
3x4 21x
(a)
3x
x2 2x 24
(b)
x2 7x + 6
2x2 + 7x 4
(c)
2x2 + 9x + 4
Solution:
3x4 21x
(a)
3x
3x4
3x
21x
3x
= x3 7
x2 2x 24
(b)
x2 7x + 6
x+4
x1
2x2 + 7x 4
(c)
2x2 + 9x + 4
2x 1
2x + 1
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\C2_1_F_1.html
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Divide 3x3 + 12x2 + 5x + 20 by (x + 4).
Solution:
3x2 +
3x3 + 12x2 + 5x + 20
x+4
3x3 + 12x2
0 + 5x + 20
5x + 20
0
Answer is 3x2 + 5.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
2x3 + 3x + 5
Simplify
x+1
Solution:
2x2 2x
+5
2x3 + 0x2 + 3x + 5
x+1
2x3 + 2x2
2x2 + 3x
2x2 2x
5x + 5
5x + 5
0
2x3 + 3x + 5
So
x+1
= 2x2 2x + 5.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( x 3 ) is a factor of 2x3 2x2 17x + 15. Hence express 2x3 2x2 17x + 15 in the form
Ax2 + Bx + C
x3
, where the values A, B and C are to be found.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 2x3 2x2 17x + 15
f ( 3 ) = 2 ( 3 ) 3 2 ( 3 ) 2 17 ( 3 ) + 15
f ( 3 ) = 54 18 51 + 15 = 0
2x2 + 4x
2x3 2x2 17x + 15
x3
2x3 6x2
4x2 17x
4x2 12x
5x + 15
5x + 15
0
So
2x2 17x + 15 = ( x 3 ) ( 2x2 + 4x 5 ) .
So A = 2, B = 4, C = 5
2x3
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Show that ( x 2 ) is a factor of x3 + 4x2 3x 18. Hence express x3 + 4x2 3x 18 in the form ( x 2 )
( px + q ) 2 , where the values p and q are to be found.
Solution:
f ( x ) = x3 + 4x2 3x 18
f ( 2 ) = ( 2 ) 3 + 4 ( 2 ) 2 3 ( 2 ) 18
f ( 2 ) = 8 + 16 6 18 = 0
x2
x2 + 6x +
x3
3x 18
4x2
x3 2x2
6x2 3x
6x2 12x
9x 18
9x 18
0
x2
Now + 6x + 9 = ( x + 3 ) ( x + 3 ) = ( x + 3 )
So x3 + 4x2 3x 18 = ( x 2 ) ( x + 3 ) 2 .
So p = 1, q = 3.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Factorise completely 2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8.
Solution:
f ( x ) = 2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8
f ( 2 ) = 2 ( 2 ) 3 + 3 ( 2 ) 2 18 ( 2 ) + 8
f ( 2 ) = 16 + 12 36 + 8 = 0
2x2 + 7x
2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8
x2
2x3 4x2
7x2 18x
7x2 14x
4x + 8
4x + 8
0
Now 2x2 + 7x 4 = ( 2x 1 ) ( x + 4 )
So 2x3 + 3x2 18x + 8 = ( x 2 ) ( 2x 1 ) ( x + 4 ) .
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Find the value of k if ( x 2 ) is a factor of x3 3x2 + kx 10.
Solution:
f ( x ) = x3 3x2 + kx 10
f (2) =0
So ( 2 ) 3 3 ( 2 ) 2 + k ( 2 ) 10 = 0
8 12 + 2k 10 = 0
2k = 14
k=7
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Find the remainder when 16x5 20x4 + 8 is divided by ( 2x 1 ) .
Solution:
f ( x ) = 16x5 20x4 + 8
f
1
2
1
2
= 16
1
2
1
2
5
4
20
+8=7
1
2
+8
1
4
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
f ( x ) = 2x2 + px + q . Given that f ( 3 ) = 0 , and f ( 4 ) = 2 :
(a) find the value of p and q
(b) factorise f ( x )
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = 2x2 + px + q
f( 3) =0
So 2 ( 3 ) 2 + p ( 3 ) + q = 0
18 3p + q = 0
3p q = 18
f ( 4 ) = 21
So 2 ( 4 ) 2 + p ( 4 ) + q = 21
4p + q = 11
Solving simultaneously:
3p q = 18
4p + q = 11
7p =
7
p=1
Substitute p = 1 into 4p + q = 11:

4 ( 1 ) + q = 11
q = 15
Check: 3p q = 3 ( 1 ) ( 15 ) = 3 + 15 = 18
So p = 1, q = 15
(b) f ( x ) = 2x2 + x 15 = ( 2x 5 ) ( x + 3 )
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
h ( x ) = x3 + 4x2 + rx + s . Given h ( 1 ) = 0 , and h ( 2 ) = 30 :
(a) find the value of r and s
(b) find the remainder when h ( x ) is divided by ( 3x 1 )
Solution:
(a) h ( x ) = x3 + 4x2 + rx + s
h( 1) =0
So ( 1 ) 3 + 4 ( 1 ) 2 + r ( 1 ) + s = 0
1+4r+s=0
r+s= 3
h ( 2 ) = 30
So ( 2 ) 3 + 4 ( 2 ) 2 + r ( 2 ) + s = 30
8 + 16 + 2r + s = 30
2r + s = 6
2r + s = 6
r+s= 3
3r
= 9
r=3
Substitute r = 3 into r + s = 3:
3+s= 3
s=0
Check: 2r + s = 2 ( 3 ) + ( 0 ) = 6
So r = 3 , s = 0
(b) h ( x ) = x3 + 4x2 + 3x
h
1
3
1
3
Remainder is 1
1
27
13
27
1
3
4
9
+4
+1=1
1
3
+3
1
3
13
27
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
g ( x ) = 2x3 + 9x2 6x 5 .
(a) Factorise g ( x )
(b) Solve g ( x ) = 0
Solution:
(a) g ( x ) = 2x3 + 9x2 6x 5
g(1) =2(1) 3+9(1) 26(1) 5
g(1) =2+965=0
2x2 + 11x +
2x3
x1
9x2
5
6x 5
2x3 2x2
11x2
6x
11x2 11x
5x 5
5x 5
0
Now 2x2 + 11x + 5 = ( 2x + 1 ) ( x + 5 )
So g ( x ) = ( x 1 ) ( 2x + 1 ) ( x + 5 )
(b) g ( x ) = 0
( x 1 ) ( 2x + 1 ) ( x + 5 ) = 0
So x = 1, x =
2,
x = 5.
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
The remainder obtained when x3 5x2 + px + 6 is divided by ( x + 2 ) is equal to the remainder obtained when the
same expression is divided by ( x 3 ) .
Find the value of p.
Solution:
g ( x ) = x3 5x2 + px + 6
g( 2) =R
So ( 2 ) 3 5 ( 2 ) 2 + p ( 2 ) + 6 = R
8 20 2p + 6 = R
2p 22 = R
g(3) =R
So ( 3 ) 3 5 ( 3 ) 2 + p ( 3 ) + 6 = R
27 45 + 3p + 6 = R
3p 12 = R
2p 22 = 3p 12
5p = 10
p= 2
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
The remainder obtained when x3 + dx2 5x + 6 is divided by ( x 1 ) is twice the remainder obtained when the same
expression is divided by ( x + 1 ) .
Find the value of d.
Solution:
f ( x ) = x3 + dx2 5x + 6
Let f ( 1 ) = R
So ( 1 ) 3 + d ( 1 ) 2 5 ( 1 ) + 6 = R
1+d+5+6=R
d + 10 = R
Now f ( 1 ) = 2R
So ( 1 ) 3 + d ( 1 ) 2 5 ( 1 ) + 6 = 2R
1 + d 5 + 6 = 2R
d + 2 = 2R
d + 2 = 2 ( d + 10 )
d + 2 = 2d + 20
2 = d + 20
d = 18
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
(a) Show that ( x 2 ) is a factor of f ( x ) = x3 + x2 5x 2 .
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the exact solutions of the equation f ( x ) = 0 .
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = x3 + x2 5x 2
f(2) = (2) 3+ (2) 25(2) 2
f ( 2 ) = 8 + 4 10 2 = 0
x2 + 3x
x3 + x2 5x 2
x2
x3 2x2
3x2 5x
(b)
3x2 6x
x2
x2
0
So f ( x ) = ( x 2 ) ( x2 + 3x + 1 )
Now f ( x ) = 0 when x = 2
and x2 + 3x + 1 = 0
3\ (3) 24(1) (1)
i.e. x =
2(1)
x=
So x = 2, x =
b \ b2 4ac
x=
2a
3 5
2
3+ 5
2
,x=
3 5
2
3/9/2013
Page 1 of 1
Solutionbank C2
Question:
Given that 1 is a root of the equation 2x3 5x2 4x + 3, find the two positive roots.
Solution:
2x2 7x +
2x3
x+1
2x3
5x2
2x2
4x + 3
7x2 4x
7x2 7x
3x + 3
3x + 3
0
Now 2x2 7x + 3 = ( 2x 1 ) ( x 3 )
So 2x3 5x2 4x + 3 = ( x + 1 ) ( 2x 1 ) ( x 3 ) .
The roots are 1,
1
2
and 3.
The positive roots are x =
1
2
and x = 3.
3/9/2013

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