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Paper No 1
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Who, among the following, wrote the book "Research Methods for Business"?
► Zikmund, W.
► Sekaran, U.
► Dessler, G.
► Neuman, W.C.
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► To help in your general study.
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► Reliability
► Replicability
► Scaling
► Validity
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► The questions should have no spaces between them so that the whole questionnaire
looks small.
► Only questionnaires that are A3 size achieve high response rates.
► Clear presentation is more important than overall size.
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► -0.45
► Either .34 or -.45 iss m sab hai all
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► It investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real life context.
► It is retrospective study in which the researcher follows the research process from
effect to its cause.
► It is a study back in time.
► All of the given options
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Question No: 41 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
First steps in observational studies is;
► Observing
► Defocusing
► Intervening
► Visualizing
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Which type of error occurs when certain sample elements are excluded or when the entire
population is not accurately represented in the sampling frame?
► Sampling frame error
► Statistical error
► List error
► None of the given options
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► Footnotes
► Source notes
► None of the given options
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► Analysis
► All of the given options
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Question No: 64 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following describes Open-ended questions are common, and probes are
frequent?
► Survey Interview
► Field Interview
► Confidentiality
► Deception
Paper No 2
FINALTERM EXAMINATION
Fall 2009
STA630- Research Methods (Session - 1)
Marks: 92
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the folowing is not the objective of a research for a student of research methods
course?
► Conducting research by following certain steps
► Preparing methodologies
► Ability to convert problem into researchable question
► Writing a book
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Which of the following is characteristic of action research?
► Variables are tightly controlled.
► Results are generalizable.
► Results demonstrate cause-and-effect relationships.
► Data are usually qualitative.
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Which of the following statements about plagiarism is most accurate?
► It is so easy to "copy and paste" from the internet that everyone does it nowadays. If a
proper reference is given, where is the harm in that?
► How can we say for sure where our own ideas come from exactly? If we tried to give
a reference for everything we could never hope to succeed.
► Any suggestion that we have written what another actually wrote is morally wrong.
Anyway, the whole point of a literature review is to show what we have read and what
we thought about it.
► Plagiarism is such an awful crime that those found guilty should be obliged to wear a
scarlet "P".
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► No correlation
► Low
► Moderate
► High
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► The time between pre- and posttest is short
► The instrument is unreliable
► The participants are very low scorers
► Test Run
► Pre Test
► Post Hoc Test
► T- Test
► Element
► Target Population
► Sampling Frame
► Sampling Unit
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Question No: 37 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following can be referred as Accidental Sampling?
► Purposive Sampling
► Snowball Sampling
► Quota Sampling
► Convenience Sampling
► Convenience Sampling
► Quota Sampling
► Snowball Sampling
► Purposive Sampling
► Scale
► Index
► Unidimensionality
► Weighing
► SPSS
► MINITAB
► SYSTAT
► All of the given options
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► Replication pattern
► Suppressor variable pattern
► Negative linear relationship
► Interpretation pattern
► Split-half
► Even versus Odd numbers
► Use a list of random numbers or a computer randomization program
► Let the researcher decide which group will be the best
► Interaction effect
► Reactive effect
► Main effect
► Proactive effect
► Frequency
► Intensity
► Direction
► Accretion
► Standardized tests
► Interviews
► Secondary data
► Observations
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Which of the following is the most damaging problem for the researcher with secondary
data?
► Interviewer influence
► Mixed-mode surveys
► Protesting
► Mall intercept interviews
► Reliable
► Relevant
► Balanced
► Accurate
► Subjective sample
► Stratified sample
► Judgment sample
► Cluster sample
► Classifying
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► Interpreting
► Recording
► All of the given options
► Maturation effect
► Repeated measures effect
► History effect
► Hawthorne effect
► Accretion
► Count Behaviors
► Coding
► All of the given options
► Question Formulation
► Unit of Analysis
► Sampling
► All of the given options
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► Selective survival
► Non participant
► Participant
► Structured participant
► All of the given options
► Non-Participant Observation
► Observer effect
► Ethnography
► Filed research
► Field Interview
► Exploratory Interview
► Causal Interview
► Survey Interview
► Economic Forms
► Social Forms
► Civil Wars
► Motivation
► Good listener
► Ability to make people feel comfortable so that they will talk in the group
► Ability to control discussion without being overbearing
► All of the given options
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Question No: 63 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which section of the report presents the specific statistical procedures used along with
the results of these procedures?
► Methodology
► Introduction
► Results
► References
►T
riangulation of data
►Literature review
►Data analysis
►Validity
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Questions that include negatives should be avoided because:
►The respondent may be unsure how to answer if the question includes a double
negative.
►A
ll of the given options.
Which of the following concerns is MOST likely to become a problem if Mr. Baber uses
purposive sampling techniques?
►G
eneralizability from the sample to the population.
►Treatment group
►Matching
►Counter balancing
►R
andom assignment
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Which of the following is the process of marking segments of data with symbols,
descriptive words or category?
►Concurring
►Coding
► Coloring
►Segmenting
completely.
Does not allow for findings to feed back into the body of knowledge.
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If a researcher is studying the effect of using laptops in his classroom to ascertain their
merit and worth, he is likely conducting which of the following types of research?
Evaluation
Experimental
Applied
Basic
measures.
Measures are intuitively devised and then applied as if they were direct indicators
of a concept.
Indicators are unambiguous quantities, whereas measures are subjective and value laden.
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Comprehensiveness of the scores.
Which of the following terms describes an interview protocol in which the topics and
questions to be addressed are identified, but the order in which the questions can be asked
is not stipulated?
Unstructured
Partially structured
Semistructured
Structured
The control procedure that allows the researcher to determine the effect of the
independent variable and the control variable on the dependent variable both separately
Analysis of covariance
Matching
Randomization
selection.
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1. Purposive sampling
2. Quota sampling
3. Stratified sampling
The group that does not receive the experimental treatment condition is the ________.
a. Experimental group
b. Control group
c. Treatment group
d. Independent group
Which of the following sampling method is the best way to select a group of people for a
study if you are interested in making statements about the larger population?
►Convenience sampling
►Quota sampling
►Purposive sampling
►Random sampling
What different measures of central tendency are used? Define each (marks 5)
What are different types of probability sampling . Explain any two in detail.(10)
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Suppose you are going to conduct a research and you want to check the activities of
research team and effectiveness in research .What steps you will take in pilot testing and
how you will evaluate your data processing and evaluation.? (10)
Paper # 4
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one Solution on vuz
► Identification of events
► Logical understanding
► Prior knowledge
►Hypotheses are very specific and stated prior to beginning the study.
►H
ypotheses are often generated as the data are collected, interpreted, and analyzed.
►Hypotheses are always stated after the research study has been completed.
►Correlational hypothesis
►Descriptive hypothesis
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►Explanatory hypothesis
Which two of the following are legitimate frameworks for setting out a literature review:
►1 and 2
►2 and 3
►1 and 3
►2 and 4
Which of the following is the appropriate way in which to view the reliability of
observational data?
►Test-retest
►Parallel forms
►Interobserver reliability
Which of the following is the evidence that the instrument, techniques, or process used
to measure concept does indeed measure the intended concepts?
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►Reliability
►Replicability
►Scaling
►V
alidity
►T
he measurements devised for concepts are stable on different occasions.
►The methods are stated clearly enough for the research to be replicated.
►Concurrent validity
►Face validity
►C
onductive validity
►Convergent validity
►E
xternal validity
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►Internal reliability
►External reliability
►Internal validity
►A
ccuracy with which it measures the construct
►Cohort studies involve quantitative research, whereas panel studies are qualitative.
►A panel study does not need rules to handle new entrants to households.
►A panel study can distinguish between age effects and cohort effects, but a cohort
design cannot.
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A study design in which the researcher might create_______ to establish cause-and-
effect relationship is called Experimental Design.
►An artificial setting, control some variables and manipulates the independent variable
►A natural setting, control some variables and manipulates the dependent variables
►An artificial setting, control some variables and manipulates the dependent variable
►Triangulation of data
►Literature review
►Data analysis
►Validity
►Panel study
►Cohort study
►C
ensus study
►Trend study
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The most critical area of an article to read is;
►Introduction
►Abstract
►R
esults section
►Limitations
The cover letter to a questionnaire study should contain all of the following, EXCEPT;
►A
list of participants
►Reasons to respond
►The respondent may be unsure how to answer if the question includes a double
negative.
►A
ll of the given options.
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►They allow respondents to answer in their own terms.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a problem with using social survey
research to investigate behaviour?
►Respondents may not give an honest reply to what they see as a threatening question.
►R espondents may be unwilling to reveal information as they believe they are likely to
be identified.
The most important characteristic of the sample in survey research is that it is:
►R
epresentative of the target population.
►Convenient to access.
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Which of the following concerns is MOST likely to become a problem if Mr. Baber uses
purposive sampling techniques?
►T hat a few information-rich participants studied in depth yield many insights about a
topic.
►To include all participants, even though they are not all relevant to the problem.
►0.12
►0.34
►-0.45
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►Reality is described with language that potentially has different semantic meanings for
the researcher and participants.
►A
ll of the given options.
A measure that indicates the average performance of a group on some variable is known
as;
►Mean
►Analysis of covariance
►Chi square
►Standard deviation
The findings from a study of decision making processes within a Pakistani financial
services company can be generalized to:
►D
ecision making processes in the researched companies.
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►Regression analysis
►In-depth analysis
►C
ontent analysis
Which of the following is an excellent way to enhance the validity of observational data
collection?
►S
pend time in field, obtain participant trust, recognize biases.
►Comparative form
►N
arrative form
►Logical form
►Critical form
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Which of the following is not a reason of why it is preferable to tape record a focus
group session?
►It is quicker and easier to make brief notes about what is said.
►It enables the researcher to identify which people are acting as opinion leaders.
►Without a tape recording it is difficult to keep an accurate record of who said what.
►It allows for analysis of how certain points are put forward.
In which section is the researcher allowed greater flexibility to express opinions, discuss
implications for educational practice, and suggest additional research?
►Results
►Discussion
►AMA
►A
PA
►ASA
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►PPA
Which of the following is the complete group of specific population elements relevant to
the research project?
►Element
►Target Population
►Sampling Frame
►Sampling Unit
►Purposive Sampling
►Snowball Sampling
►Convenience Sampling
►Quota Sampling
Which of the following sampling method is the best way to select a group of people for a
study if you are interested in making statements about the larger population?
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►Convenience sampling
►Quota sampling
►Purposive sampling
►Random sampling
Which one of the following is often measured at the interval or ratio level?
►Scale
►Index
►Unidimensionality
►Weighing
►Bivariate
►Multivariate
►Univariate
►A
ll of the given options
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Which of the following occurs when one partial replicate the initial bivariate relationship
but other partials do not?
►Replication pattern
►Specification pattern
►Treatment group
►Matching
►Counter balancing
►Random assignment
Which of the following designs does an excellent job of controlling for rival hypotheses
that threaten the internal validity of an experiment?
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►P osttest-only design without nonequivalent groups (because last B & C dono option
teek hai.)
►Statistical calculations
►Hypothesis testing
►R
esult interpretation
Which of the following is the process of marking segments of data with symbols,
descriptive words or category?
►Concurring
►Coding
► Coloring
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►Segmenting
►D
etermine and describe the way things are.
►Predict the way things will be based on the way things are.
Which of the following major problem exist with non respondents in survey research?
►Cheaper
►Expensive
►Easier
►Inexpensive
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► Surveys
► Literature Review
► Communication analysis
► Research Journals
► Accuracy
► Counter balanced
► Relevance
► Frequency
► Census
► Cluster sample
► Sample
► Systematic sample
► Stratified sample
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► Judgment sample
► Quota sample
► Simple random
► Snowball
► Quota
► Cluster
► Stratified sample
► Convenience sample
► Judgment sample
► Cluster sample
► Data indexing
► Contingency analysis
► Data transformation
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Question No: 53 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
When a local television station sends a crew to interview joggers in the Iqbal park on a
beautiful spring day, this represents what type of sample?
► Cluster sample
► Convenience sample
► Systematic sample
► Tabulation
► Frequency
► Analysis
► Manipulation check
► Cohort analysis
► Debriefing
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► Deception
► Field experiments
► Primary experiments
► Secondary experiments
► Direction
► Frequency
► Accretion
► In-depth analysis
► Regression analysis
► The Confessions
► The spontaneous
► Non-reactivity
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► All of the given options
► Comparative form
► Narrative form
► Logical form
► All of the given options
How would you differentiate between History Effect and Mechanical Loss in
Experimental research?
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How would you differentiate between Frequency Distribution Table and Bivariate
Table?
Being a researcher, how would you criticize the use of Secondary Data in research?
FINALTERM EXAMINATION
Fall 2009
STA630- Research Methods (Session - 1)
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Research method is applicable in all of the following fields, Except.
► Health care
► Business
► Government offices
► Religion
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► Students taking formative quizzes will perform better on exams at teh end
of the chapter than students not taking these quizzes.
► Taller students will have higher test scores than shorter students.
► Students taught in a cooperative group setting should do better than
students in a traditional class.
► Students using laptops will do well.
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Internal consistency estimates of reliability such as the KR-20 or Cronbach's
alpha are used more frequently than other estimates such as test-retest or
parallel forms because internal consistency estimates;
► Are easily calculated.
► Require only one administration of a test.
► Are more accurate than all other types of estimates.
► Are usually higher.
► Categorize
► Distance
► Order
► Unique origin
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The validity of a measure refers to which of the following?
► Consistency of the measurement
► Particular type of construct specification
► Comprehensiveness with which it measures the construct
► Accuracy with which it measures the construct
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► Post hoc test
► T test
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► Pay attention to your preconceived notions of the meaning of the data as
it reflects a "grounded" perspective.
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Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following represents the correct order for five main sections of a
dissertation?
► Conclusion, Introduction, Methods, Literature Review, Results.
► Methods, Results, Conclusion, Literature Review, Introduction.
► Literature Review, Results, Methods, Introduction, Conclusion.
► Introduction, Literature Review, Methods, Results, Conclusion.
► 1 hour
► 1 and half hour
► 2 hours
► More than 2 hours
► Replication pattern
► Specification pattern
► Suppressor variable pattern
► Negative linear relationship
► Random technique
► Amount technique
► Type technique
► Presence technique
► Split-half
► Even versus Odd numbers
► Use a list of random numbers or a computer randomization program
► Let the researcher decide which group will be the best
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Which of the following designs does an excellent job of controlling for rival
hypotheses that threaten the internal validity of an experiment?
► Dependent variable
► Extraneous variable
► Independent variable
► Confounding variable
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► Social desirability bias
► Interviewer error
► Interviewer cheating
► Sponsorship bias
► A mall intercept
► A probe
► A self-administered questionnaire
► All of the given options
► Interviewer influence
► Mixed-mode surveys
► Protesting
► Mall intercept interviews
► Reliable
► Relevant
► Balanced
► Accurate
► Avoid complexity
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► Avoid personal questions
► Avoid leading questions
► Avoid double-barreled questions
► Double-barreled effect
► Filter effect
► Loaded effect
► Order bias
► Subjective sample
► Stratified sample
► Judgment sample
► Cluster sample
► Cluster sampling
► Stratified sampling
► Systematic sampling
► Convenience sampling
► Coded
► Deleted
► Edited
► None of the given options
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All of the following are software packages that can be used for data analysis
EXCEPT:
► SPSS
► SAS
► Excel
► Word
► Judgment sample
► Snowball
► Convenience sample
► Cluster sample
► Cluster sample
► Convenience sample
► Multistage area sample
► Systematic sample
► Dependent; independent
► Ratio; nominal
► Independent; dependent
► Primary; secondary
► Confound
► Interaction
► Randomization
► Repeated measures
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► Manipulation check
► Cohort analysis
► Debriefing
► Deception
► Count Behaviors
► Time Duration
► External Appearance
► Other Records
► 1-2 participants
► 3-5 participants
► 6-12 participants
► 12-20 participants
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The written set of guidelines that describes an outline of topics to be covered by
a focus group moderator is called a:
► Discussion guide
► Concept test
► Case study
► All of the given options
► Executive summary
► Table of contents
► Title page
► Tables
► Title page
► References
► Abstract
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assumes that three groups are most prone to stress; the workmen (who
constantly handle dangerous chemicals), the foremen (who are held responsible
for production quotas), and the councilors (who day in and day out, listen to the
problems of the employees) and all the rest of the employees working in the
organization.
I. Describe the type of sampling the director should use in the given scenario,
probability or non probability?
ii. What type of sampling technique is being used and why? Explain.
iii. In how many groups the population can be divided, write their names.
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►Results apply only to Algebra I students in ninth grade.
►Results apply to all math students.
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►Categorize
►Distance
►Order
►Unique origin
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Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Mr. Jamil is studying the use of individualized instruction with elementary school
students. He is particularly interested in understanding what problems are encountered—
and how those problems are resolved—when teachers switch to this approach. Which
sampling strategy is he likely to use to select his sample?
► Intensity
► Convenience
► Purposive
► Quota
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Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT a strategy that can guide data interpretation?
► Pay attention to your topic or research focus as it will help guide your selection of
important parts of your data.
► Examine categories with large amounts of data as they are likely identifying important
concepts.
► Examine existing studies related to your topic to identify potential interpretative
frameworks.
► Pay attention to your preconceived notions of the meaning of the data as it reflects a
"grounded" perspective.
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► Cluster sampling
► Simple random sampling
► Systematic sampling
► Proportional stratified sampling
► Scale
► Index
► Unidimensionality
► Weighing
► Replication pattern
► Specification pattern
► Suppressor variable pattern
► Negative linear relationship
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► One-***** pretest-posttest design
► Posttest-only design with non-equivalent groups
► Time series design
► External Appearance
► Count Behaviors
► Time Duration
► All of the given options
► Physical Traces
► Archives
► Observations
► All of the given options
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► Loaded question
► Confusing question
► Burdensome question
► Leading question
► Literature review
► Research question
► Research proposal
► Research project
Question No: 45 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In which type of sampling does every element in the population have a known, nonzero
probability of selection?
► Probability sampling
► Absolute sampling
► Relative sampling
► Non probability sampling
► Judgment sample
► Convenience sample
► Stratified sample
► Cluster sample
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When a field interviewer records an impossible answer (e.g. birth date: 1850), this means
that the data need to be:
► Coded
► Deleted
► Edited
► None of the given options
► SPSS
► SAS
► Excel
► Word
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The researcher examining descriptive statistics for any particular variable is using which
type of statistics?
► Multivariate
► Interval
► Univariate
► None of the given options
► Selection effect
► Maturation effect
► History effect
► Cohort effect
► Non participant
► Participant
► Structured participant
► All of the given options
► Ethnography
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► Non-Participant Observation
► Observer effect
► None of the given options
► An experiment
► A test market
► A case study
► Causal research
► Good listener
► Ability to make people feel comfortable so that they will talk in the *****
► Ability to control discussion without being overbearing
► All of the given options
► Results
► References
► Title page
► Tables
Question No: 62 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
________ are the most important qualitative research procedure.
► Focus groups
► Depth interviews
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► Case study
► All of the given options
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