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Introduction
Most educational institutions' administrators are concerned about student
security. The conventional method allowing access to students inside a
college/educational campus is by showing photo I-cards to security guard is very
time consuming and insecure, hence inefficient. Radio Frequency Identification
(RFID) based security system is one of the solutions to address this problem. This
system can be used to allow access for student in school, college, and university.
It also can be used to take attendance for workers in working places. Its ability to
uniquely identify each person based on their RFID tag type of ID card make the
process of allowing security access easier, faster and secure as compared to
conventional method. Students or workers only need to place their ID card on the
reader and they will be allowed to enter the campus. And if any invalid card is
shown then the buzzer is turned on. Various applications of RFID include:
Transportation and logistics, manufacturing and processing, security, animal
tagging, waste management, time and attendance, postal tracking, airline
baggage
reconciliation,
road
toll
management,
etc.
This
technique
uses
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Flow Chart
Start
Figure:-1
Figure 1 show the flow chart of the proposed system in this first RFID tag code
read by the reader and decrypts it and send its information to the controller. When
the code matched with the stored information then only gate will open and display
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Block Diagram
Figure2:-
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Circuit Diagram
Arduino
It is a high performance Atmel Pico power 8-bit AVR RISC based microcontroller. It
consists of 32KB ISP flash memory with read-while-write capabilities, 1KB
EEPROM, 2KB RAM and 23 general purpose input output lines, 32 general
purpose working registers, three flexible timer/counters with compare modes,
serial programmable USART, SPI serial port and 6-channel 10 bit A/D convertor.
This controller operates between 1.8V-5.5 volts. This controller interfaced with
LCD and buzzer, micro SD card using various ports.
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RFID Tag
RFID tag known as a proximity integrated circuit card and it can be powered by
actively or passively. RFID tags also known as transponder and one transponder
consist of antenna, microchip and battery (for active tag only). The size of the
chip generally depends on the antenna size. Antenna size and form is dependent
on the frequency that used by the tag. Active tag contain on board power source
where passive tag are inductively powered via Radio signal that generated by
RFID reader. Active tag can work in absence of reader and records the sensor
reading or perform their calculation. Passive tags can operate in presence of
reader only. In addition to the microchip, some tags contain rewritable memory
which size can varies according to the application requirement. The purpose of
microchip is to store the Unique Identification (ID) of each object. This ID act as a
serial number stored in the RFID memory. The range of RFID tags depends on
their frequency. These frequency ranges are Low Frequency (30-500 KHz), High
Frequency
(10-15MHz)
and
Ultra
High
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Frequency
(2.4-
2.5GHz).
Other
Buzzer
A Buzzer is an audio output device. This buzzer interfaced with controller pins so
that when RFID tag code does not match with the stored tag data then it will play
the
sound
which
is
Motor
A
motor
electrical power to
work
application. Here in
according
to
the
Soldering Iron
Soldering Wire
Multimeter
PCB
Cutter
Screw & Nuts
Future Scope
If we talk about future scopes then it depends upon how innovative one could be
to enhance the use of this project. But for us this project is very useful for future
uses e.g. 1) For tagging animals.
2) Uses in ATM machines.
3) To save students by tracking their attendance.
4) Use in car lock keys and engine start by placing the card in front of reader.
5) Make things environment friendly.
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