PART

E1.8

MISSILE STRESS ANAIYSIS

El.8

MIS$r.n

81.8.1 Solid

Speclmen condltlons lnclude membrane

stresses, dlscontlnulty solutlons' and conslderatlons of very short cyltnders or rlngs '
Table El.8.1 11s*r,s these f lgures ; Table El ' 8 ' 2
1
tlcns; arld Table ll'8'

STRES|S AT.IALYS$

Propellant R.ocket Motor Cases'

The f lr-st stage of the check vehlcle con-

aY tunctlons. To asst
Tabl-e El .8 .4 Presents
values of these functlons at tw-o ten-uhs Lncrements of the length functl onP,A-

slsts of a cluster ol sol-ld prope]]ant rocket

nctors. Sectlon El.4.3 lntroduced sol-1d prorellant ta:t'.s; indlcated that they are deslgned
by thelr chanber pressure; showeo hor the
nenbrane thlckness could be deterrnlned; and'
mentloned dlscontlnulty stresses. These dlscontlnulty stresses resuLt frorn the requlrement for c^.opat1b1e def l-ectlons and rotatlons
1n pressurlzed tanks at areas of change of
stress l-evel or curvature -

i-

F
F
r.]
E

are presented' to show

used
for a sectlon of the
are
how these data
test vehlcle.

Flnally,

TABLE E1.8.1

FIGURES FOR PRESSURIZED TANK A.NALYSE

As an example, conslder an lnflnltely long

cyllnder under lnternal- pressure. At 1ts
mldd1e, place a very stlff and heavy rlng so
that radtal- deflectlon 1s lnhlblted. If cuts
are made, as 1n Flgure El-8-I, unlfonn shears
and moments are requlred to lnduce structural
contlnulty.

E1.8.2

El.8.3
E1.8.4
81.8.5

Fig. E1.8.6

Pressure.
Thin Conical Shell under Internal Pressure'

ontinuity Solutions

Long Thin Circular Cylinder under Uniform

Radial Snear Qe PPI of Circumference at End
of Shell.
Fig. E1.8.8 Long Thin Circular Cylinder under Uaiform
Moment Me Inch-Pounds per Linear Inch of
Circumference at End of Shell.
Fig. Ef.d.9 Short Thin Clrcular Cylinder rurder Unlr6i6
Radial Strear Qo PPI of Circumference'at End
of Shell.
lform
Short Thin Circul
10
E1.8.
Fig.
ch of
Moment Mo lrlchCircumference at
Surface of Revolution under Uniform
Fig.
- E1.8.11 Any
Noimal Shear Qo PPI of Circumference at End
of ShellSurface of Revolution under Uniform
Fig.
- 81.8.12 Any
Moment Mo Inch-Pounds per Inch of Circu'nference at End of Shell.
Fig. E1.8.13 Surfaces of Revolution - Special Cases

Fig. El 8.?

ll
It

L'
nloaded Shape

Pressurized and Deflected

Fig. E1.8.14

These loads cause moments ln the tank

ru.tls whlch decay away from the dlscontlnulty

Fig. 81.8. 15

Fig. E1.8.16

areas. Crttlcal sectlons lnclude 1n part:

cyllnder to head to sklrt Junctlons; head' to
nozzLe Jolnts; accesst port rlngs; and clrcumferenttal franes. Stresses frorn these dls-

(Hemiepherical and Ellipsoirial Heade) '

Shell

Shell

ar

rcumf

Shell

per L

o
ce

at End of Cone.

Very Short Cylinders or Rlngs

Ring under Uniform Radial t9*
Fig.
- El.8. 1? Ctrcular

contlnultles can be very large-and requlre

local relnforcements. Flgures El .8-2 through
i].8.]9 are presented to asslst 1n analysls of
--:-:se areas and show defl-ectlon and' stl'ess
::-'-iacterlstlcs for t}?lcal- conf tg'.u'atlons

Membrane Theory

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.

Disc

Figure 81.8.1 Unilormly Distributed Loads to Provide

Structural ContinuitY

\--:-

examples

Qo

PPI of Circumference actlng through Ring

Centroid.
Fig. E1.8.18 CircuLar Ring under Uniform Moment Mo InchPouaCs per Linear Inch of Circumference'
Fig. E1.8.19 Prqrerties of a Trapezoid-

El.

?3

TABLE 81.8.2

TABLE El.8.2 (Contd.)

NOTATION FOR PRESSURIZED TANK ANALYS$

NOTATION FOR PRESSUzuZED TANK ANALYS$

- inches
Cross section area - sq. ins.
Mean semi minor axis - lnches

cr4e

tz 1t -yy

- Modulus o,f elasticity - PS.

- Ring or trapezoid moment of inertia - inches'
= Uniform moment in Inch Porurds per Linear Inch

A
b

rrT
Mo

Mean semi ma;or o<is

Hence

Dinensions pertaining to a trapezoid - inches

Flexural rigidity of shell - Pound Inche

of Circumference

PPI

- UniJorm internal pressure - P$.

- Pounds per linear inch

Qo

= Uniform radial shear in pounds per incb of

- Mean radius of curvature - inches

- Meal radius of circumference - inches
- Mean radius of curvature perpendicular to
rneridian - inches
- Ir{eal radius of curvature along msridian - inches
- Distance measured atong wall - inches
- Shell thickness - inches
- Radial displacement normal to generating axis positive towards generating ar<is - inches

R1
R2
s

wp

oO
O

os

J v
o<

Io<

CAY

C OE

FFTCIE NTS FOR DISC OIVT

INUITY ANALYSE S

0"

= "-F*
"o"F ^

"9* 6nlx + cosfx)

0. = .9" po"px - sin Bx)

0"

0o=

Sinlt

Sinh

Sinz

0"j

,B
0

TABLE EI.8.3
DE

0' = "{^sin/x

circumference

rb

Co=2AV*"

(for spherical section R, - R)

- Rotation - positive when inducing tension in the
inner fibers - radians
- Hoop membrane stress - positive is tension - PSI.
- Meridional membrane stress - positive is
tension - P$.
- $rear stress - PSI.
- Angle between axis of revolution and nomal to
waff - degrees
Cone half angle - degrees
Cha-nge in slope (sign convention similar to 0) radians

0"= sinh"Bl+ sln"Bl

0"

sin

Bl

sinh

sin

R,l

cosn

/l I

0.=
0ro

B.L* cosB.l

sfiin

Bl

- Poisson's Ratio
(t or il - When these signs occur in the ercpressio for
stress, the upper refers to the inner surface

the
and

the lorver to the outer surface.

Conical Shells - Special Nomenclature

vx

- deflection perpendicnlar to side of cone, positive

inboard - inches
- Shearing forces in pounds per inch.

=ln $ -vzyf'-/t

w1g

rz(o-ui)f
=fI tP
Tanzo'J

=2hF

Thln Shells - Dlscontl n!_tlty Bendhg Theory

Solutl olrrr
Cyllnders are dlvlded lnto two categorles
long and shor! cyllnders. A long cyllnder ls
one where loads from one end do not affect the

'/'

f ormulas

are provldecl.

MISSILE STRUCTURES. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

El.

TABLE 8I.8.4

DECAY COEFFICIENTS FOR DISCONTINUTTY EQUATIONS

p*

t,

,B*
0

f"

0.

0.

.163

1.000
.803

1.000

.26L

.617

.310

.453
.313

1.000
.966
.8?8
.763
.653

. 199

. 508

-.

. 109

.389

-.r72
-.20L

.2
.4
.6
.B

1.0
1.2

L-4
1.6

r.8

.322
.309
.281
.243
.202

.042

.286

-.006

. 196

.6.10

1. 664

8.3?1

L.243

4.754

.986

3.104

1.469

1.669

.809

2.232

1. 480

-. 208

.676

1.325

1.731

.998
.707

. 570

-.198
-.179

1.215

1. 430

.479

. 511

1.138

.400

1.246
1.134

.372

-.155

1.084

-.L28

.329

1.049
L.027

.265

111

-.056

.06?

2.2
?.4

.090
.061

-.065

.025

-. 067

.o42

-.006
-.037
-.041

-.057
-.039
-.023

.020

.008

3.2

-. 002
-.008

-.041
-.032

-.043

-.024

-.036
-.031

3.4
3.6

-.012

-.04,0

3.8
4.0

-.013
-.014

-.01?
-.012

-.025

4"2

-.013

-. 007
-. 004

-.015

-. 001

-. 011

001

-.007
-.005

4.4
4.6
4.8
5.0
5.2
5.4

5.6
5.8
6.0

-. 011
-. 010

-.020

-.008
-.007

.002

-.005
-.004
-.003
-.001
-.001

.003

-.002

.003
.003
.003
.002

-.001

.001
.001
.001

t8.77

2.499

-. 009

-.

113

-. 078

-. 012
-.004
.002

.006
.008
.009
.009
.009
.008
.007
.006
.004
.002

Figure El.8.2 - Thin Circular Cylinder Under

Internal pressure

.207

1.014
1.006

.757

1.003

. 113

1. 000

.0?8
.041
.014

1.003
1.001
1.001
1.001
1.001

.077
.048

1.000
1.000

.02

r.001

-.005
-. 017

.008

1.002
1.002

1.001
1. 001

1.000
1.000
1. 000

r.000
1.000
1.000

1.000

r-000

-.011
-. 016
-.018
-.018
-. 017
-.015
-.013
-.010
-.008
-.006

Figure

. 188

.126

oa

375.0
46.82

1. 000

1.000
1. 000

1.000
1.000
1.000

2.778

l.

.155

1.035
1.015
1.007

-.000
-.050

r.004
1.004

r.004

.510
. 306

.056
-.07.1

-.083
-.086
-.092

-.003
-.052

1.002

-.041

_.0?3

-.023

1. 001

-.020

-. 031

-.022

-.013

1.001
1.000
1.000

-.010
-.007

1.000
1.000

-.005

-.005

r.000

-.003
-.001

1.000
1.000

.001
.003
.003

-l

wR=

. ll:tr.)

r.002

Internal pressure

o0 =ox

[rtilr

1.606
7.372
1.15?
1.0?6

El.8.3 - Thin Spherical Sheil Under

--

5. ?57

-.028

-. 016

r. 000

2. H7:l

-.027
-.026

1.001

13. Bl

6.15e
3.3?0

1.004
1.003
1.003

-.o24

1. 001
1. 001

I'o

3?5. I
47.02
14.11

.268

1.068
1.031
1.012

-.004

0.

oo

75.00

5.00r

.123

3.0

5.000

3.33?
2.510
2.019

.723

2.8

clo

0"

. 143

-. 037

-.028

0"

.356

. 161

-.070
-.05?
-.049

e
10.00

0"

VALT,ES

3?.50
9.370
4.156
2. 324

2.O

'2.5

0.

__

=-+

$ -v)

-.015
-.009

-.00r

?i,

LL

Figure E1.8.4 - Thtn Ellipsoidal Shell Under

Internd Pressure

For spheroids defined by ellips"

R. = fa'Y"-*nu'xt]

ST ITE SS

ANALYSIS

Flgure E1.8.5 - Any Thtn Figure of Revolution

Under Internal Pressure

5 *$ =f

t'lt

R"=R."5

ox

ox=.#

og

oo=.+(t-&r*J

wj

wR=-#ge - vo)
At t}le equator
R1 =31

R.=s
o*=E

os=.+(r-#)

Figure 81.8.6 - Thin Conlcal Ehell Under

Internal Prosaure

o"'l
pa" f
wR=-ffiP-v-;EJ
At the apex

Rr=Ra=#

oo=o"=*jt'
wR=

oo = .

rd*=

ox=-rr#
wR=

-tpo

Inerease

-uoxl

qfrdue top
zpn

[o<= * n1-

e -41 Sino<

IiTISSILE ST RUCTURES - ANALYSIS AND DE SIGN

Figure 81.8. ? - Long Thin Clrcular Cylinder
under Uniform Radid Shear Qo (PPD of
Circtr.urference at End of Shell

\_

1.l-

r'
ox =

tffi0,,

Qo 0o

x=fit

-ffi0"
=

wR(x=o)

eo
-ZFm

O0 = -

=.fu0,

o(x=o) =

os

(r"ro.3t

='

wR=

Figure 81.8.9 - Short Thin Clrcular Cyllndor

under Uniform Radial Shear Qe (PPS of
Circumference at End of Shell

\\\

-a.\>

oo

8L.77

=S

E
i *n

.A+
o.

Figurc EI.8.8 - Long Thin Circular Cylinder

under Uniform Moment Mo - Inch Lbs. per
Linear Irrch of Qilsrrmfglence at End of $rell

I-

Figure E1.8.10 - Short Thin Circular Cyllndsr

rurder Unilorm Moment Mo - Inch Lbs. per
Inch of Circumference at End of Shell

ogl

ox=t+Ff,(Max.
oo =

*Tp"*|.

wR= -

atx=0)

Me 0"

/ o" (Max. at x = 0)

fuu
'Mo

wR(x=o) -i6'r

o =+ffi!"
o1x=o)

=-

o. = $vo

f--

Ox = 0 at x = 0 and x

0^

Ox(x=O)

6 lvlo
- -: -p

ov11=./1 = o

E +.
og=-t*n:Uo^

iI! ]i]S

!]-E ST RE SS ANALYSIS

Figure E1.8.11 - Any Surface of Revolution

under Unilorm Norma-l $rear Q. (Plt) ot
Circumference at End of Shell -

"P-l

Figure E1.8. 13 - Surfaces of Revolution,

Special Cases

FUII Hemispherical Head

\ao

-lY\

i;t.

't

iI

, 6RQ^
ox = = rTJso,

Vo =

oo=.?{e0".+[r*r.

FuIl Ellipsoidal Head

^
s(s=o)
=

as sinYo
*-ry
"o

o1(s=g; =

oo1"=o;=+{ff'Efut*g
Figure E1.8.12 - Any Surface of Revolution
under Uniform Moment Mo Inch Lbs. per
Inch of Circumference at End of Shell

aebz
rr rLr=
(ae@"/"
_--a'
D -=(i@r/"
rL

+Ii{o

R=&
Vo = 9oo
sinVo = r

Cor{o=g

*Mo

ds = RrdV

ox=
og=

wR(s=o)

o(s=o) =

ox(s=o)

M(

#tt%

M^

EF

2Mo(,13"R"

e0(s=0)=*Rrtt
(1

rflr*
_L

-y") corvo'll

Tlt

9oo

R: = Rr = Ii
S = RG-YI
sinVo =i
CoT{o = g

MISSILE STRUCTURES . ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

Figure El.E.1l - Thin Comca) SheI Uncler
Internal Pressure - Vertical Edge Support

\\qure\\.\.\-\\\\sNrt\\r\\r\rr
Uniform Radial Shear e. (ppD of Circumference at End of Cone -

+Qo

-t

Internal Pressure
= p (psi)

----i

-L

u. Rot Tario<* , Ro ran..l

o
u(x=xJ _
= [ 2E
2E t ffil
L-

-1-E,,,
wN =
- [ V; _[ xo' sin "o< co"fo_-f

L.q"l;

-V

3
z.cJ
^l n
?5- *" ran

vx

4b(zl'*o'sin"o<; [".,

oo

+.
Ew^

ttlranoct
+ uo*

glF-

o(*=*d =

wN=

*$PQo

#qF["",occoe#Jn"

1;.

,+ r)sin#]'

ox = .

at-T

6Mx

ox=
'oo

t3

_ E wN_coso<*
R

yox

F STIi} SS ANALYSIS
Figure E1.8.16 - Thin Conical Shell Under UniJorm
I\loment Mo Inch Lbs. per Linear Incb of Circumfer_
ence at End of Cone.

When .,Bl = o.S the fornulas for a rlng

are used to flnd
the deflectlon and rotatlcn

Donstants.

*R

91x=xo;

Nl*

Figure El.8.1? - Circular Ring Under

Radial Sh_ear eo (ppl) of CircGie."n"uUniJorm
Acting
Through Ring Clntroid.

2Ro
Mo

wN=*

os=*$
ox=o

Figure E1.8. 18 - Circular Ring Under

Moment IvI,., Inch Lbs. per Linear Inch Uniform
of
Circumfe16nce.

MoR "

' EIvv
= {--

oA=*t#o = +
+#.