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ITU-T I.361
INTRODUCTION
Defines the ATM Layer functions.
ITU-T I.363
Transmission protocols and network architectures are
Defines the ATM Adaptation Layer
now at the forefront of computer related issues. The
protocols.
technical jargon of the day is Asynchronous
ITU-T I.610
transmission mode, Synchronous optical network and
Defines the ATM Operation and
Fiber distributed data interface, and there are valid .
Maintenance (OAM) functions
All of these interfaces are very similar. The major The last switch within the virtual path for ATM
differences between these types of interfaces are Network 1 repeats this process and sends the cell out
administrative and signalling related. The only type through the ICI to ATM Network 2.
of signalling exchanged across the UNI is that
required to set up a VIRTUAL CHANNEL for the ATM Network 2 continues the process in a similar
transmission. manner until the cell is carried through the UNI to the
Private ATM Switch which, in turn, sends the cell to
Communication across the NNI and the ICI will End User 2. End User 2 then reconstructs the file
require signalling for virtual-path and virtual-channel from the sequential cells, stripping the 5-byte header
establishment together with various exchange from each cell.
2. ATM CELLS
2.4 Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) This is an 8-bit cyclical redundancy check computed
for all fields of the first 4 bytes of the ATM cell
The VPI, an 8-bit field for the UNI and a 12- header ONLY. It is capable of detecting all single-bit
bit field for the NNI, is used to identify errors and some multiple-bit errors.
virtual paths. In an idle cell, the VPI is set to
all 0's. (Together with the Virtual Channel The HEC is compared by each switch as the ATM
Identifier, the VPI provides a unique local cell is received and all cells with HEC discrepancies
identification for the transmission.) (errors) are discarded. Cells with single-bit errors
may be subject to error correction (if supported or
2.5 Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) discarded.
This 16-bit field is used to identify a virtual When a cell is passed through the switch and the
channel. For idle cells, the VCI is set to all VPI/VCI values are altered, the HEC is recalculated
0’s. (Together with the Virtual Path for the cell prior to being passed out the port.
Identifier, the VCI provides a unique local
identification for the transmission.)
3. ATM APPLICATIONS
2.6 Payload Type Identifier (PTI)