EDUCATION is a serious national problem?

A research paper
Submitted to Prof. Ernesto P. Fajardo
In partial fulfillment in the course
Communication Arts 2

Submitted by:
Del Rosario, John Paul C.
Divina, Keith Romher C.
Dominguez, Michael Ryan O.
Dy, ,Royce Hubert N.
Estipona, Rodmann J.

Far Eastern University

Nicanor Reyes Sr. St. Manila

I.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research paper is made possible through the help and support from everyone,
Including: family, friends, parents and professor.
We would like to take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and deep
regard to Mrs. Fe Dela Cueva, an English teacher, for her exemplary guidance, valuable
feedback and constant encouragement throughout the duration of the project. Her
valuable suggestions were of immense help throughout our project work. Her perceptive
criticism kept us working to make this project in a much better way.
We would also like to give our sincere gratitude to all our friends who filled in the
survey, without which this research would be incomplete.

II.

ABSTRACT

This paper focus on the review of how education is a serious national problem, how its
affecting our economy and if the k-12 is one of the best solution in solving the problem.
According to the human capital theory, the economic development of nation is a
function of the quality of its education. In other words: the more and better educated a
people, the greater the chances of economic development. What maybe the real
reason why there are so many Filipino people who are out of school youth? We

conducted a survey in different students like us, and the common answer we receive
about that question is: poverty, the over population and lastly the corruption in the
Philippine government, because some government officials they do not spend the
money saved for the improvement of education in the Philippines but they rather take it
on their own.

III.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Etymology
2. History
3. Formal education
3.1 Pre school
3.2 Primary
3.3 Secondary
3.4 Tertiary
3.5 Vocational
3.6 Special
4. Other educational forms
4.1 Alternative
4.2 Indigenous
4.3 Informal learning
4.4 Self-directed learning
4.5 Open education and electronic technology
5. Development goals
5.1 Internationalization
5.2 Education and technology in developing countries
5.3 Private vs public funding in developing countries
6. Educational theory
6.1 Purpose of school
6.2 Educational psychology
6.3 The intelligence-education relationship
6.4 Learning modalities
6.5 Philosophy
6.6 Curriculum
6.7 Instruction
7. Economics of education

IV.

INTRODUCTION

- Education inherently serves both public and private interests. It addresses

public interests by preparing the young to assume adult roles that promote civic
responsibility, embrace a common set of economic and political values, and share a
common language. Education serves private interests in promoting individual
development, understanding, and productivity that contribute to adult productivity and
well being.
--Levin (2001)
- Education is the most powerful weapon we can use to change the world Nelson
Mandela.
- Education either functions as an instrument which is used to facilitate integration of

the younger generation into the logic of the present system and bring about conformity
or it becomes the practice of freedom, the means by which men and women deal
critically and creatively with reality and discover how to participate in the transformation
of their world. Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed
Education To facilitate the kind of cultural shift that it needed to move us towards a
sustainable and ecologically sound future that is underpinned by cooperation and
equality, we need to re-evaluate and re-learn different ways of how we work within the
world and how we interact and relate to it and each other. In order to achieve any of
this, we need to educate ourselves and each other as we explore and experiment our
way into a possible future.
If we are to thrive and survive without killing the planet and everything else on it,
Education has to be the central method of ensuring that useful and beneficial
knowledge and skills are acquired by people to make the Transition into the future.
There is also an overwhelming need to reclaim education from Neoliberalism and the
Market Place where it used to mould passive conformity and selfish competitiveness
into our students instead of community and cooperation. Ironically as we reclaim
education from its Neoliberal grip by using education itself, it is education that is able to

offer us the many alternatives and solutions that can emancipate the wider society from
the prevailing Neoliberal hegemony.
Although our task ahead is monumental and daunting, sometimes hopeless, the more
we learn and educate ourselves, the more we find that there are many workable
solutions and alternatives to the current predicament that we find ourselves in. As
education is such an important tool in our emancipation and development as human
beings it is important that we look at it holistically and begin with the basics as a means
of beginning our exploration of developing ways of living in some sort of equilibrium with
our habitat and its inhabitants.
Education is commonly and formally divided into stages such as preschool, primary
school, secondary school and then college, university or apprenticeship. The
methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.
A right to education has been recognized by some governments. At the global
level, Article 13 of the United Nations' 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social
and Cultural Rights recognizes the right of everyone to an education.
Although education is compulsory in most places up to a certain age, attendance
at school often isn't, and a minority of parents choose home-schooling, sometimes with
the assistance of modern electronic educational technology (also called e-learning).
Education can take place in formal or informal settings.
Education is really important to our daily living, People need it to have a better
foundation and to learn more so we can use this education to reach our dreams and
make it the best we can be. We truly believe that education is the key in every peoples
success.
But why education is having a serious problem in the society? Is the quality of the
education is affected? Is the goals and objectives of the education are unmet? What
are the main reason why education is being a serious national problem?

We chose this topic to be able to provide the readers with information regarding the
topic being discussed. Second, is to expand their knowledge about the topic being
study. And to be able to provide a better solution to the problem to deliver the research
rightly and correctly.

V.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

When talking about education people often confuse it with schooling. Many think of
places like schools or colleges when seeing or hearing the word. They might also look
to particular jobs like teacher or tutor. The problem with this is that while looking to help
people learn, the way a lot of schools and teachers operate is not necessarily
something we can properly call education. They have chosen or fallen or been pushed
into schooling trying to drill learning into people according to some plan often drawn
up by others. Paulo Freire (1973) famously called this banking making deposits of
knowledge. Such schooling quickly descends into treating learners like objects, things
to be acted upon rather than people to be related to.

Education, as we understand it here, is a process of inviting truth and possibility, of

encouraging and giving time to discovery. It is, as John Dewey (1916) put it, a social
process a process of living and not a preparation for future living. In this view
educators look to act with people rather on them. Their task is to educe (related to the
Greek notion of educere), to bring out or develop potential.

Education is a broad term that can have many meanings, but it is generally defined as
the process of learning and acquiring information. Formal learning in a school or
university is one of the most common types, though self-teaching and so-called life
experiences can also qualify. Communities around the world place a high value on

educating people of all ages, whether formally or informally. It is widely believed that
constant exposure to new ideas and skills makes people better workers, thinkers, and
societal contributors.

In formal education, a curriculum is the set of courses and their content offered at
a school or university. As an idea, curriculum stems from the Latin word for race
course, referring to the course of deeds and experiences through which children grow to
become matureadults. A curriculum is prescriptive, and is based on a more
general syllabus which merely specifies what topics must be understood and to what
level to achieve a particular grade or standard.
An academic discipline is a branch of knowledge which is formally taught, either at the
universityor via some other such method. Each discipline usually has several subdisciplines or branches, and distinguishing lines are often both arbitrary and ambiguous.
Examples

of

broad

areas

sciences, mathematics, computer

of

academic

science, social

disciplines
sciences,

include

the natural

humanities and applied

sciences.
Educational institutions may incorporate fine arts as part of K-12 grade curriculum or
within majors at colleges and universities as electives. The various types of fine arts are
music, dance, and theater.

VI.

STATEMENT OG THE PROBLEM

It's been nearly three years since the government began implementing its K-12
educational reform program but the policy continues to have its share of detractors.
Last March, a coalition of teachers and staff of higher educational institutions around
the Philippines petitioned the Supreme Court to suspend the K-12 law.

The program adds two years of senior high school to the country's basic education
system which allow senior high school students to specialize in one of three tracks:
academic, technical-vocational-livelihood, and sports and arts.
For the K-12 program, however, this position is disastrous. The K-12 program was
precisely supposed to either prepare students for gainful work after basic
education or prepare students for college. The either/or has become a both/and. It
intends both to equip the students with the skills necessary for gainful
employment and to prepare them for college within the same time constraint. And
because the designers are all college graduates with PhDs from the best of higher
educational intentions, but without the experience of training students in handling a
lathe or a welding machine, we now have a policy which has effectively shut out
meaningful skills development in favor of pre-college preparation.
What is the purpose of K-12 education? How do we think about college and
career readiness? How do the Common Core Standards fit in?
Education fulfills our social obligation, as a people, to transfer the wealth of human
knowledge to all our children. The goal of our public system is to allow every child to
develop his/her talent, and bring each one of them into full membership in our
economic, cultural, and social national community. This includes music, the arts,
sports, physical and mental play, communication and expression. We prepare
children to become active contributors to our culture and full participants in our
democratic institutions.
We have PUBLIC schools to create a common space where children of all races,
creeds and income levels gather to learn together. Our goal is not only to educate
the individual, but also to build our ability to understand each other.
Is there a college or a career ready for them when our children finish their K-12
education?

We have an obligation to assure that our economy meets the needs of the children
we're educating. Skilled trades, service work, construction, retail, farming and
agriculture, industry, transportation, high and low technology manufacturing, and
health support are part of our economic reality. Children who are drawn to these
livelihoods are entitled to educational preparation to share in the full responsibilities
and benefits of our national life, including a decent standard of living for themselves
and their families.
Some people suggest that if we do not prepare all students for college, we will fall
into the trap of tracking. Research shows tracking before age 15 is destructive, and
associated with worse outcomes for the children and for society, both socially and
academically. The educational needs of children before that age aren't served by
narrowing of the developmental and experiential mission of education to any track.
By the later teens, actual career path options must be offered to children, which lead
to real job futures for them, as well as to access to higher education.
This doesn't mean that college has to be for everybody, but it requires that college
be for anybody, and that the path to college and beyond be open to all.
Unfortunately, in the world where many of our students live, the path to college is
closing off. Student debt has now surpassed credit card debt, and more than a
trillion dollars is now owed.Incredibly, this debt was only $100 billion in 2010.
The cost of a state university has increased by 72% between 2001 and 2011, faster
than even medical costs. According to this article in the New York Times, "If the
trends continue through 2016, the average cost of a public college will have more
than doubled in just 15 years." Two thirds of graduates take out loans, and the
average debt is $23,300. Homelessness and hunger is rising problem on college
campuses.
Rhetoric about college for all is hollow when society disinvests in higher education,
and turns student loans into a profit center for the banking industry.

Furthermore, wages for college graduates are not inextricably linked to the level of
education - they are a function of the marketplace. The latest economic
figures indicate that corporate profits have climbed at steep rates, while both the
wages, and the number of people employed, continue to decline.
We think we find common ground in the idea that as educators we want to equip
them with the best preparation possible for their future, and we want as many as
possible to have a real opportunity to attend college, and live happy, productive lives
-- whether they attend college or not. We feel a deep concern about the de-funding
of the public universities that is pricing college beyond the reach of many of our
students. Whether students are headed for college or not, the Common Core
standards will not serve them well if they are tied to high stakes tests and overly
prescriptive curriculum. Our teachers need the room to be creative if we expect them
to inspire innovative thinking from their students. And we believe that our economy
must be re-shaped if we are to have real opportunities for the next generations - as
admirable a goal as it is, simply graduating them ready for college is not enough.

VII.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Education is essential for everyone. It is the level of education that helps people earn
respect and recognition. In my opinion, it is indispensable part of life both personally
and socially. However, the unequal standard of education is still a major problem that
needs to be solved.
The importance of education is undeniable for every single person. It goes without
saying that education has a positve effect on human life. All people need to study. Only
with the advent of education can people gain knowledge and enlarge their view over the
world. For example, learning by watching TV or reading books gives people a huge
amount of information about anything they are interested in such as mathematics,

current news, exchange rates, other countries' cultures and so on. Apparently, people
may become more useful and civilzed if better educated. In areas where residents are
not able to receive an appropriate education, life cannot be as thriving and properous as
locations where there is a high standard for education.
Secondly, education plays such a rudimentary role on our society that we cannot even
imagine a life without it. It is a determined element for the civilization of human society.
Not only does It helps us develop healthy surroundings but it also generates an
advance community. As a matter of fact, everything we create today is based on the
knowledge that we obtain throughout our life by way of education. This assists scientists
in inventing equipment and devices, resulting in a high technology nowadays. The more
developed life becomes, the more necessary education is for everyone.
Although education has a significant influence on life, the average education is not the
same in different areas. As a result, strategies are being made to resolve the problems.
Without education, life would be disastous and detrimental. Consequently, to this day,
we are trying or best to make education global and accessible for everyone particularly
the poor and the disabled. There are still some places where the inhabitants are almost
completely uneducated, causing a serious lack of knowledge. Addtionally, every child
should should be given equal opportunities to learn and study. Because the
development of a country depends vastly on the standard of education, it must do
everything in its power to improve it. Although the educational systems of different
countries are not similar but they have to share a common goal which is to provide its
citizens a suitable and proper learning.
In conclusion, edcation is absolutely beneficial for society on the whole. It is a life-long
process to each person that need to be reinforced throughout life. However, we need
education system that may eradicate illiteracy and may provide the common man an
access not only to basic education but also to higher and technical education.