[1]

Lesson Plan

Institute

Industrial Training Institute Mandvi

Name of the instructor

Chavan S.M.

Trade

C.O.P.A

Lesson /Topic
Lesson Plan & no.

Time (Required)

1 .hrs

Proposed date
Date (conducted)
Ref.books & page no.
Teaching aids

Elements of computer science 20-25 (by A.K.Chadha)

Computer Fundamental 14-17 (by P.K.Sinha)
1]White board
2]White board marker pen
3]Projector

Objectives
Review

Reviwe on decimal no. 0 to 9

Motivation

Importance of Binary number system elated to computer & its

operations.

Topics

Topics

Information Points

Information Points

Spot hints

Spot hints

Question: -1] what is the meant of Binary?

2] write down the binary no with their decimal no (0-9)
3] What is byte?
4] What is bit & nibble?
5] What are the characteristice of number system?
Summary:- Binary & decimal base concept ,base decimal nos & its binary nos ,
Memory units & its conversion.
Assignment: -

Home work questions.

Next Lesson: Instructor

Group Instructor

Vice- Principal/Principal

[2]
Lesson Plan

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A

Lesson /Topic

Conversion from binary to decimal

Lesson Plan & no.

6.1

Time (required )

1 hrs

Proposed date
Date(conducted)
Ref.books & page no.

Elements of computer science 20-25 (A.K.Chadha)

Review

Fundamental of computer 14-16 (P.K.Sinha)

Decimal to binary (direct method) chart
Blackboard, Chalk.
Binary to decimal conversion types (methods) method ,example
Decimal to Binary conversion types & examples.
Revision on Binary & decimal base concept.

Motivation

Importance of conversion of number system.

Teaching aids
Objectives

Topics

Base of number: -

Conversion of decimal
To Binary :-

Information Points

Spot hints

In all number system the value of the

base determines the total number of
different symbols or digits available in
the number system.

Meaning of the base of

number system?

Method 1] Remainder method &

2] Power method
Ex.1] Integer no.is 9 (Remainder method)

Method of conversion of
decimal to binary.

2 9
2 4 1
2 2 0
1 0
. . 9(10)=(100) 2

Information Points
Topics

Spot hints

Conversion by
Power method: -

By power method
(300) 10 =() 2
Here Radix of binary is
2 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
We note that 256 are largest no. Which
are less than 300 the given no?
-256
28=1*28
44
-32
25=1*25
12
-8
23=1*23
4
-4
22=1*22
0
As rower 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 are not
represent these values may be placed in
their representive plaues after multiplying
with zero I.e.
1*28,0* 27 , 0*26 , 1*25 ,0*24 , 1*23 ,1*22
,0*21 , 0*20
I.e. (300)10=(100101100) 2 AM

Remainder & power

method?

Power method (100)2=( )10?

= 1*22 +0*21 + 0*20
= 4+0+0
I.e. AM (100)2= (4)10

Binary to decimal
Conversion :-

Binary to decimal
conversion.

Question: -1] what is the meant by the base of a number system?

2] Explain the method of decimal to binary conversion with example?
3] explain the procedure of binary to decimal conversion with example?
Summary: -Base of number, Meaning of base, conversion of binary to decimal &
vice
Versa- Method & exampleAssignment: -Home work assignment problems.
Next Lesson: Instructor
Principal/Principal

Group Instructor

Vice-

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A

Lesson /Topic

Conversion of Binary fraction to decimal fraction & vice

versa.

Lesson Plan & no.

6.2

Time (required)

1 hrs

Proposed date
Date (conducted)
Ref.books & page no.
Teaching aids
Objectives
Review

Elements of computer system 20-25 (A.K.Chadha)

Computer fundamental 14-17 (P.K.Sinha)
Blackboard & chalk
Conversion of fraction Binary to Fraction decimal with
example.
Conversion of fraction decimal to fraction Binary with
example.
Revision of conversion of Binary to decimal vice versa.

Motivation
Topics

Information Points

Conversion of Fraction
Binary to fraction decimal

Decimal equivalent of (1011101) 2

Solution
1] Integer
(1011101) 2=1*26 + 0*27 + 1*24 +
1*23
1*22 + 0*21 + 1*20
=64+0+16+8+4+0+1
=(93) 10
2] Fraction (0.11) 2=1*2-1+1*2-2
=1/2+1/4
=3/4
=0.75
. . (1011101) 2=(93.75) 10

Lesson Plan [3]

Spot hints

Fraction
conversion
Method

Topics

Information Points

Eg. (0.1)10=( )2 ?
0.1*2=0.2 0
0.2*2=0.4 0
0.4*2=0.8 0
0.8*2=1.6 1
0.6*2=1.2 1
0.2*2=0.4 0
0.4*2=0.8 0
0.8*2=1.6 1
0.6*2=1.2 1
(0.1) 10=(000110011)2

Conversion of Fraction
Decimal
To Fraction Binary :-

Spot hints

Fraction conversion :-

Ans.

Question: -1]Give Procedure of conversion of fraction Binary to Fraction Decimal

With examples
2]Give Procedures of conversion of Fraction Decimal To Fraction
Binary With Example.

Summary: -Fraction Binary to Fraction decimal Conversion & vice a versa ,

Examples
Assignment: -Home work question bank problems.
Next Lesson: Instructor
Principal/Principal

Group Instructor

Vice-

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A

Lesson /Topic

Binary Addition & Subtraction

Lesson Plan & no.

6.3

Time (required )

1 hrs.

Proposed date
Date (conducted)
Ref.books & page no.
Teaching aids
Objectives

Elements of computer science (A.K.Chadha)

Computer Fundamental (P.k.Sinha)
1] Blackboard
2] Chalk
Binary numbers,addition of Binary number,
Subtraction of Binary numbers

Review
Motivation

Rules of Binary addtion & subtraction.

Topics

Information Points

Spot hints

Binary Addition Rules :-

The addtion & Subtrction of

Binary numbers is done in way as
applicable to decimal systems
Rules :1] 0+0=0
2] 0+1=1
3] 1+0=1
4] 1+1=0 With 1 carry
over

Addition Method
Rules

Example :Add (110101)2+ (101111)2

110101
+ 101111
1100100

=Ans.

Lesson Plan [4]

Topics

Example :-

Rules Of Subtraction :-

Example

Information Points

Spot hints

More Than 2 nos addtion

110101101
111011101
000111111
100101101
111110111
111111001101
1011010111010 = Ans.
1)
2)
3)
4)

Addition of 2 binary nos &

more
Than 2 nosAddition.

0-0=0
1-0=1
1-1=0
0-1=1 With one
barrow

1110101010
100101100

Subtraction rules.
=Ans

1001111110

Question: -1) What are the rules of Binary number addtion?

2) What are the rules of Binary number subtraction ?
3) Examples
Summary: -Rules of Binary addtion, Example ,More than two numbers Addtion
Rules of Binary Subtraction,example.
Assignment: -Home Work Question bank ,problems.
Next Lesson: -

Instructor

Group Instructor

Institute

Vice- Principal/Principal

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A

Lesson /Topic

6.4

Lesson Plan & no.

Ones & Twos compliment

Time ( required )

1 hrs.

Proposed date
Date (conducted)
Ref.books & page no.

Elements of computer science.42,43 (A.K.Chadha)

Computer Fundamentals (P.K.Sinha)

Teaching aids
Objectives

Number System,Ones Compliment.

Twos compliment,Subraction by is compliment.

Review

Revision on Binary subtraction.

Motivation

Basic Fundamental of number system.

Topics

Information Points

Spol hints

Complementary
Method :-

In case of binary numbers, the

corresponding complement &
twos complement respectively.

Ones complement: -

The 1s complement of a binary

nos
May be obtained by subtraction
each binary digit from 1.

Understand the
complementary
Method: -

Meaning of 1s &
2s
Compliment

Twos complement:The 2s complement of a binary

nos
Is its 1s complement plus 1.

Lesson Plan

Topics

Example:-

[5]

Information Points

Spot hints

Binary no 11001
11001 1s compliment-00110

Question :-1) What do you understant by complimentary subtraction?

2) What is the mean of 1s compliment?
3) What is the mean of 2s compliment?
Summary :- Complimentary mthod,1s compliment subtraction,2s complimentery,
Subtractions On, method & examples.
Assignment :- Home work assignment.

Next Lesson :Instructor

Group Instructor

Vice- Principal/Principal

Lesson Plan [6]

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

Subtraction using 2s compliment

Lesson Plan & no.

6.5

Time (required)

1 hrs

Proposed date
Date (conducted)

Ref.books & page no.

Element of computer science 42-43(A.K.chadha)

Teaching aids
Objectives

Number system, 2s compliment method,

Subtraction using 2s compliment.

Review

Subtraction using 1s compliment.

Motivation

1s & 2s compliment subtraction.

Topics

Information Points

Twos compliment:-

The 2s compliment of a binary

number
Is its 1s compliment plus 1.

Spot hints

Normal subtraction:1010
- 1011
1

Topics

Information Points

Spot hints

2s complimentary method1010
+0001 (Add 2s compliment of
1011)
Process of 2s
complimentary
Subtraction method

1111
- 0001
(Find 2s compliments
&
attach a negative
sign)

Question :-1)What is 2s compliment ?

2) Explain the process of subtraction of 2s complimentary?

Summary :- Complimentary method,2s compliment & subtraction by
2s complimentary method.
Assignment :- Home work & problems.
Next Lesson :Instructor

Group Instructor

Institute

Vice- Principal/Principal

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

Octal number system

Lesson Plan & no.

6.6

Time (required)

1 hrs

Proposed date
Date (conducted)

Ref.books & page no.

Review

Elements of computer science 34-35(A.K.chadha)

Computer fundamental-14-15(P.K.sinha)
Binary decimale equivelent decimal (3 bit) chart.
.
Octal number system, conversion from octal to binary &
vice versa,
Conversion from octal to decimal & vice versa.
Binary to decimal conversion & vice versa

Motivation

Conversion of number system from one in to another

no.system

Teaching aids
Objectives

Topics
Octal number system:-

Information Points

Spot hints

In the octal number system the

base is 8.
Octal base
So in this system there are only
eight symbols or digits:
0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 (one less than
3. bits presentation
the base ) there are only 8
digits in the octal 30, 3 bits (23
=8) are sufficient represent any
octal number in binary.

Binary to octal method:Ex :- (1100)2 = ( ) 8 ?

Lesson Plan [7]

Topics

Information Points

Spol hints

=1*23+1*22+0*21+0*20
=8+4+0+0
=(12)8 and
Binary to octal & octal to
binary
Conversion.

(12)8 =( )2

Octal to binary :-

12

i.e. (12)8 =(1100)2

ans

e. g (119)10 = ( ) 8 ?
here radix is 8

Decimal to octal:-

119

14 7

i.e. ( 119) 10=(167)8

Decimal to binary
conversion &
Vie versa

am
e.g. (11572)8 = ( ) 10 ?

Octal to decimal: -

=1*84+1*83+5*82+7*81+2*80
=4096+112+320+56+2
=(4986)10
ams
Question :- 1) Explain the process of binary to octal & vie versa conversion
2) Explain the process of decimal to octal conversion & vie versa
Summary :- octal number system , binary to octal conversion & vie versa ,
Decimal to octal & vice versa
Assignment :- home works problems
Next Lesson :Instructor

Group Instructor

Institute
Name of the instructor

Vice- Principal/Principal

Industrial Training Institute

Trade

Copa
Hexadecimal number system.

Lesson /Topic
Lesson Plan & no.

67

Time(required )

1hrs

Proposed date
Date(conducted)

Ref.books & page no.

Elements of computer system-30-34. A.k chodha

computer fundamental
-14.15 p.k.sinha

Teaching aids

Blackboard, chalk, cohort.

Objectives

Hexadecimal number system, conversion form

hexadecimal to binary to decimal & vice Vera

Review

Revision on conversion of diff.number system.

Motivation

Important of the conversion of

Topics

Hexadecimal number
system

Topics
Hexadecimal to decimal

Information Points

The hexadecimal number system

is one with a base of 16. The base
of 16 suggests choice of 16 single
character digits or symbol. The 1st
10 digits of decimal system -0 to 9
& the remaining 6 digit are
denoted by A, B, C, D, E,
F.repectively the decimal value
10,11,12,13,14,15.respecbively
thus largest single digits is f for 15
(end less than the base)

Information Points
(2AB) 16 =() 10?

Spol hints

Hexadecimal number
system

=2*162 +10*161+11*160
=512+160+11=(683) 10ans
Decimal to hexadecimal
number

hexadecimal binary

(3370) 10=() 16?

i.e.
16 3370
16 210 10
13
2
.
. . (3370) 2=13,2,10(D2A) 16
(2AB7) 16=1st convert into decimal ( )2 ?
(2AB7) 16=2*163+10*162+11*161+7*160
=8192+2560+176+7
=(10955) 10
=(10955) 10
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

10935
5467 1
2733 1
1366 1
683 0
341 1
170 1
85 0
42 1
21 0
10 0
5 0
2 1
1 0

(11101100111) 2=() 16?

(11101100111)
2=1*2

Binary to hexadecimal
First convert to decimal
system

10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
+1*2 +1*2 +0*2 +1*2 +1*2 +1*2 +1*2 +1*2 +1*2 +1*2

=1024+215+256+0+64+32+0+0+4+2+1
=(1895) 10
Now,
16 1895
16 118
7
7
6
. . (11101100111) 2=(1895) 10=(767) 16ans

Question: - 1)what is the base of hexadecimal number system ?

2) Give the example of conversion of hexadecimal to decimal
&viceverio
3) Give the example of conversion hexadecimal to binary &
veceversa
Summary: -hexadecimal number system base concept, conversion of
hexadecimal to decimal & vice versa & conversion of hexadecimal to binary &
vice versa
Assignment: -problem for homework
Next Lesson: Instructor
Principal/Principal

Group Instructor

Institute
Name of the instructor
Trade

Vice-

Industrial Training Institute

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

Codes (computer codes)

Lesson Plan & No.

68

Time (Required)

7 hrs

Proposed Date
Date (conducted)

Teaching Aids

Elements of computer system 40-41 (A.k.

chadha )
Computer fundamental (p.k.sinha)
Bcn equivilent of decimal digits chart.

Objectives

Computer codes, ASCII, BCD, BBC DIC codes.

Review

Discussed about Binary numbers, which are

codes who represent characters into computer
memory.

Motivation

About computer codes and its uses.

Reference books & page no.

Topics

Computer code

Mout commonly used computer

code: -

Topics

Information Points

Spot Hints

How the binary numbers are coded

to represent characters in the
computer memory.
1) BCD- i.e. Binary coded
decimal BCD is one of the
easy memory codes .It is
based on the idea of
converting each digit of a
decimal no. Into its binary
equivalent rather than
converting the entire
decimal value into pure
binary form.

Information Points

Spot Hints

ASCII code system: -

ASCII types

ASCII is nothing but American

standard code for information
Interchange.
Several American computer
manufacturers on their computers
internal code popular in data
communications is used almost
exclusively to represent data
internally in microcomputer have
adopted ASCII.
ASCII-7 and ASCII 8 i.e. 7 bit and 8bit respectively.
128 (27) 1st bit are zone bits and 4
bit are indicate digits ASCII-8
extended version.
(256) =(28) the additional bit is
added to the zone bits.
E.g.
Character
ASCII. Code
2

Zone digit
011
0010

Extended binary coded decimal

interchange code for 26 alpha batical
characters .In EBCDIC ,Numeric
Characters are be placed after the
alphabetic characters.

EBCDIC code
Questions: - 1) How many different characters are possible in following codes: BCD, EBCDIC,
ASCII-7 AND ASCII-8
2) Give the full form of BCD, EBCDIC, and ASCII.
3) Write the 4- bit BCD code for following nos
(25) 10 , (64) 10 ,(128) 10

Summary: -Computer coding system, EBCDIC, BCD, ASCII types.

Assignment: - Home work questions.
Next Lesson: Instructor

Group Instructor

Vice Principal /Principal

(10)

LESSON PLAN

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

Software

Lesson Plan & No.

69

Time (Required)

1 hrs

Proposed Date
Date (conducted)

Teaching Aids

Elements of computer science 12-13 (A.k.

chadha)
Fundamental of computer 159,160 (v. Rajaraman)
Blackboard, chalk

Objectives

What is software, types of software, language, Hll,

Lll, machine
Level language, assembly language, assembler

Review

Review on basic computer concept i.e. s/w, h/w

Motivation

Motivation on s/w types, programming languages

Reference books & page no.

Topics
Software

Types of software

Information Points
Software is basically a set of
instruction, grouped into program, that
make the electronic devices in the
computer to function in the desired
way
Computer software may be classified
in to three types:- system s/w,
application s/w, development s/w.

Spot Hints

Computer s/w

Language is nothing but development

s/w e.g. c, c++, vb, oracle etc.
Hll: - high level language
Lll: - low level language

Language
Types of language

Use of language

Topics
HLL

LLL

Machine language

Assembly

Assembler

Information Points
Hll: - developed in early 1960s
These are not machine dependent &
hence can be used on different
computers they contain English like
statements
It is lowest form of computer language
Lll classified in to machine level &
assembly language
It uses binary numbers express
various operation codes, address &
words
Operation
Address
(Code)
(Location)
In assembly, mnemonics are used to
represent operation codes & strings of
character
Assembly code
Operation read

Operand
address k
The practical method of programming
in machine code,
Where the machine code instructions
are involved by mnemonics
(mnemonics are letters that suggests
are function being preformed by the
corresponding machine code routive)

Spot Hints

Differences into
between hll & lll

Machine level &

assembly level
language

Use of assembler

Questions: - 1) what is software? Explain types of s/w

2) What is language & define hll, lll, machine level language &
Assembly level language
3) What is assembler?
4) Write down the differences between hll & lll
5) Write down the differences between assembly level language & machine
level language- s/w, types, language, hlll, lll, machine, assembly level
language, assembler
Summary: Assignment: - Home work questions bank.
Next Lesson: Instructor
Principal /Principal

Group Instructor

Vice

11) LESSON PLAN

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

Compiler vs. interpreter

Lesson Plan & No.

70

Time (Required)

1hrs

Proposed Date
Date (conducted)
Reference books & page no.
Teaching Aids

Element of computer science 48,49-(A.K. chadha)

Fundamental of computer- 161,165- (v. rajaraman)
Blackboard, chalk

Objectives

Hll, compiler, interpreter, compiler vs. interpreter

Review

Review on language, hll, lll, assembler

Motivation

On language translator

Topics
Compiler

Language translator

Information Points
It is a complex programs that covers
complete programs written in high
level interpretive
Languages like BASIC into the direct
instruction code of the
Microprocessors, thereby enabling an
operation at much
Greater speeds
A System software eliminates the
need to write programs in the binary
machine language.
Programs may be written in assembly
language or hll translated into binary
or same other form that can be
understood & executed by the
computer with the help of language
translator

Spot Hints

Need of language
translator

Topics
Types of translators

Difference between compiler

& interpreter

Information Points
Compiler & interpreter
Interpreter- the function of interpreter
is the same as of a
Compiler but in different style
The interpreter translates one
statement at a time & if error free
executes it. The process of continues
till the last statement
1] Error correction (debugging)
is much simpler in the case of
interpreter because it is done in
stages. The compiler produces an
error list for the entire program at the
end
2] Interpreter take more time for the
execution of a program as compared
to compiler, bcos a statement has to
be translated every time it is read.

Spot Hints

Difference between
compiler & interpreter

Questions: - 1] what is language translator?

2] what is compiler?
3] What is interpreter?
4] what is the difference between compiler & interpreter
Summary: - language translator, compiler, interpreter, difference between
Compiler & interpreter
Assignment: - home-work question bank

Next assignment
Instructor
Principal /Principal

Group Instructor

Vice

12) LESSON PLAN

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

PROGRAM DEVEIOPMENT STEP

Lesson Plan & No.

71

Time (Required)

1 HRS

Proposed Date
Date (conducted)
Reference books & page no.

Programming in FoxPro 67-69

Fundamentals of computer 1-3 (v. raja Raman)

Teaching Aids

Blackboard, chalk

Objectives

Steps of program development, program definition, algorithm ,

flow charts

Review

Revision on programming LAN, program mini

Motivation

On programming steps

Topics
Steps in programming process

Information Points
The programming process is a set of
activities that are carried out to
develop & implements a computer
program
1)Understand program specification
2) Design a program modem
3) Determine correctness of program
4)Code program
5)Test &debug program
6)Document program
(a) problem defination (b)
Requirement analysis-1)what is given
as i/p, what is excepted as o/p & how
to arrive at the solution, syntax,
execution ,logic,debugging ,program
sequence, selection, repetition etc.

Spot Hints

Logic of program &

steps in programming
process

Topics

Information Points

Design a program model

-once the problem is clearly defined,&

algorithm can be developed

Algorithm

a sequence of precise &

unambiguous instructions for solving
a program in a finite no of
operations .this is creating part of
program. The algorithm may be
constructed in board terms to help
visualise possible alternatives. An
algorithm is a formula, step-by-step
procedure-the algorithm must
1) Arrive at a correct solution
within finite time 2) Be clear,
precise,umambisious & 3) Be
in a format which lends itself
to an elegant implementation
in a programming language

Spot Hints

Use of algorithm

Program clarity
Flow charts

A pictorial representation that uses

predefined symbols to described
either the logic of computer program
or the data flow & processing step of
a system

Questions: -1) what is program?

2) explain the steps used by the program development?
3) What is algorithm & use of its?
4) What is flow charts & use of it?

Summary: - program, various step in program development, algorithm, flow

Charts .

Assignment: - Home work question bank

Next assignment
Instructor
Principal /Principal

Group Instructor

Vice

13) LESSON PLAN

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

Documentation

Lesson Plan & No.

72

Time (Required)

1 hrs

Proposed Date
Date (conducted)
Reference books & page no.

Programming in FoxPro 72-73

FoxPro 2.5-241-242- R.K.taxali

Teaching Aids

Blackboard, chalk

Objectives

Program development step , program , documentation

Review

On programming step

Motivation

On documentation of program

Topics
Documentation

Documentation method

Information Points
Once the program has been written &
be debugged, it is ready to use &
hence requires documentation or
written processor of how to run the
program, enter data, what problem to
expect etc.documentation of program
consist of flow charts/pseudodes,
program listing & detailed written
statements of algorithm & procedure
involved
1) Self documentation it is one
method which incorporates all
necessary components explaining the
logical flow in the program itself.
-

Spot Hints

Method of documentation
preparation

Topics

Information Points

Spot Hints

2) Automatic documentation - or
external documentation or manual
FoxPro built in utility that can be used
to document the program file as well
as other file used by program file. It
automatically indents the dowhileend..Do,if-end if ,scan end scan etc.
it can help you to find missing or
misplaced loops
Necessity of documentation

Documentation include every piece

of information about the program
logic, input & output to the program,
test data used etc.
Documentation is necessary for
program maintenance, without proper
documentation it will difficult to
change a program at a latter date

Necessity of documentation
importance of
documentation

Questions: - 1) what is documentation?

2) Explain the documentation method?
3) Need of documentation give the note?
Summary: - program documentation, method of documentation, necessity of
Documentation
Assignment: - Home work question bank

Next assignment
Instructor

Group Instructor

Vice Principal/Principal

Institute

Industrial Training Institute

Name of the instructor

Trade

C.O.P.A.

Lesson /Topic

Flowchart

Lesson Plan & No.

73

Time (Required)

1 hrs

Proposed Date
Date (conducted)
Reference books & page no.

Element of computer science-115-A.K.chadha.

Teaching Aids

Black board, chalk, transparancies

Objectives

Program development, flowchart, and flowchart symbols.

Review

On steps of program development.

Motivation

Flowchart of every program.

Topics
Flowchart: -

Flow line: -

Information Points
One of the most important tools of the
computer programming is a flowchart
which is used by the programmers to
plan the sequence of the operations
within a program before writing it .It is
symbolic diagram of computer
program. A flowchart or block diagram
is a graphical representation of and
algorithm which is step by step
method or a solving a problem
In a flowchart, flow lines with arrow
heads are used to indicate the flow of
operation, i.e. the exact sequence in
which the instruction are to be
executed

Purpose: To depict the sequence of operations ,

data flow & control flow with a proper
flowchart , the programmer ensures
that all the possible conditions are
accounted in the program

Spot Hints

Purpose of flowchart

Information Points

Topics
Symbols or notations to
be used in flowcharts: -

Box

Spot Hints

Shape
Oval

Operations
For start &
stop

Rectangle

For calculation
process
expect a
decision
For a decision

Diamond
Parallelogram

For input or
output

Arrow

For direction
of flow
For a
connection

Small circle

Flowchart
symbols

Whenever a flowchart is too long & it becomes

necessary to continue it or another page, the
connection is re presented by a small circle.

Questions: - 1) What is flowchart?

2) What is flow line?
3) Explain purpose of flowchart?
4) Give the notations to be used in flowchart?
Summary: - Flowchart, flow lines, purpose of flowchart, symbols of
Flowchart.
Assignment: - Home work question.
Next assignment
Instructor

Group Instructor

Vice Principal /Principal