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CHAPTER 3 :

Write in dark blue or black


pen.
You may use a soft pencil for
any diagrams, graphs or
rough working.
Do not use highlighters, glue
or correction fluid.
Show all your working in the
booklet.

CELLS

Name
:

Roll
No.

Q.1
(i)

The diagram below shows a ciliated cell from the lining of the airway.
What is the function of this cell in the airway?

Ans.

________________________________________________________

(ii)

This cell is affected by substances in cigarette smoke. What effect does


cigarette smoke have on the cilia?

Ans.

________________________________________________________

(iii)

Give the name of the substance, in cigarette smoke, which causes addiction to smoking.

Ans.

__________________________________________________________________________

Q.4

The diagrams below show six cells.

(a) (i) Give the letters of the two plant cells in the
diagrams opposite.
Ans.

___________and___________

(ii)

Which one of these plant cells contains


chloroplasts?

Ans.

_________________

(iii)

Give the function of chloroplasts.

Ans.

__________________________

(b) (i) Give the letter of the ciliated cell.


Ans.

__________________________

(ii)

In which part of the body are ciliated cells


found?

Ans.

__________________________

(iii)

What is the function of ciliated cells in this


part of the body?

Ans.

__________________________________________________________________________

(c)

Give the letter of the cell which transfers genetic information from father to offspring.

Ans.

__________________________

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Q.2

The diagrams below show an animal cell and a plant cell.

(i)

The lines from the boxes show the positions of two of the parts that are present in both cells.
In the boxes, write the names of these two parts.
Give the names of two parts that are present in plant cells but not in animal cells.

(ii)

Q.3(a) Label the parts of the microscope.

(b)

Match the parts of the microscope to the definitions below.


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Specimen is positioned on this. ________________________


Brings specimen into view without fine detail. ________________________
Used to shine light on object being viewed. ________________________
Holds lenses of different strengths, revolves. ________________________
Hold slide in position on stage. ________________________
Covers specimen on slide.________________________
Adjusts light (brightness). ________________________

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8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

Joins base to nosepiece. ________________________


Eye is positioned on this to view object. ________________________
Turning this knob brings fine detail into focus. ________________________
Magnify specimens, various magnifications. ________________________
Stand or bottom of microscope. ________________________
Slide is positioned on this. ________________________

Q.4

In the box, write A if its an animal organ and P if its a plant organ. Then draw lines to
match each organ to its function (job).

Q.5

Amii was tired all the time. She had a blood sample taken at a hospital which was then
examined under a microscope. This is what was seen.
1. The cell labelled X is a
A platelet
B skin cell
C red blood cell
D white blood cell
2. Amiis doctor said that the reason she felt tired all
of the time was because her red blood cells could not
carry enough
A oxygen
B carbon dioxide
C glucose
D hormones
3. Amiis doctor said she should take iron tablets to make her feel better.The iron would be
transported to her body cells by
A platelets
B plasma
C red blood cells
D white blood cells

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Q.1

The diagram below shows a ciliated cell from the lining of the airway.

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(i)

What is the function of this cell in the airway?

Ans.

________________________________________________________

(ii)

This cell is affected by substances in cigarette smoke. What effect does


cigarette smoke have on the cilia?

Ans.

________________________________________________________

(iii) Give the name of the substance, in cigarette smoke, which causes addiction to smoking.
Ans.

__________________________________________________________________________

any one from


* it moves mucus
* it sweeps dust from lungs
(ii) 1 any one from
* it paralyses the cilia
* it stops the cilia working
* it clogs the cilia
(iii) 1 * nicotine

Q.2(a) The diagrams below show an animal cell and a plant cell.

(i)
(ii)
(b)

The lines from the boxes show the positions of two of the parts that are present in both cells.
In the boxes, write the names of these two parts.
Give the names of two parts that are present in plant cells but not in animal cells.
Organs can carry out their functions because of the special cells they have. Draw a straight
line from the name of each type of cell to the function of the cell and then to the process it
carries out. One has been done for you.

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Q.2

The diagram shows a group of cells from the lining of the


mouth.

(i)

Give the name and function of part P:

Ans.

________________________________________________
________________________________________________

(ii) Which word describes this group of cells?

Q.3
(i)

The diagram shows a plant cell.


Give the name of part A.

Ans.

___________________________________________

(ii)

Give the function of part A.

Ans.

___________________________________________

(iii)

Give the name of part E.

Ans.

___________________________________________

(iv)

Give the function of part E.

Ans.

___________________________________________

(v)

Give the letters of two parts that are present in plant cells but not in animal cells.

Ans.

________________________________and_______________________________

(vi)

How can you tell that the cell is from a leaf and not from a root?

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Ans.

___________________________________________

(i)
(ii)

* chloroplast
any one from
* photosynthesis
* absorbs or traps light
accept chlorophyll
accept it produces food or glucose or sugar or
carbohydrate
contains chlorophyll is insufficient
* nucleus
* it controls the cell accept it tells the cell what to do
accept it transfers or contains genetic
information or chromosomes
brain of the cell is insufficient
do not accept for reproduction
it controls substances entering or leaving the
cell is insufficient
1 any two from
*A
*B
*D
accept chloroplast or chlorophyll
accept vacuole
accept cell wall
* it has chloroplasts or chlorophyll accept it is green it is a different shape is insufficient
it does not have a hair is insufficient

(iii)
(iv)

(v)
(vi)

Q.3

The drawing below shows part of the lining of the airway leading into the lungs.

(i)

Describe how mucus and cilia help to keep the airway free of dust and bacteria.

Ans.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

(ii)

Cigarette smoke contains tar. What effect does tar have on the cilia?

Ans.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

(i)
(ii)

* mucus traps bacteria or dust or particles ['cell produces mucus' is insufficient]


* cilia move the mucus (towards the throat) [accept 'cilia remove bacteria or dust or particles']
* it paralyses them or they stop moving [accept 'it clogs the cilia' accept 'they stick
together' do not accept 'it kills or burns cilia''damages or removes cilia' is insufficient]

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Q.4

The diagrams below show six cells.

(a) (i) Give the letters of the two plant


cells in the diagrams opposite.
Ans.

___________and___________

(ii)

Which one of these plant cells


contains chloroplasts?

Ans.

_________________

(iii)

Give the function of chloroplasts.

Ans.

__________________________

(b) (i) Give the letter of the ciliated cell.


Ans.

__________________________

(ii)

In which part of the body are


ciliated cells found?

Ans.

__________________________

(iii)

What is the function of ciliated


cells in this part of the body?

Ans.

__________________________________________________________________________

(c)

Give the letter of the cell which transfers genetic information from father to offspring.

Ans.

__________________________

(a) (i) C and E


(ii)
*C
(iii)
any one from
* to trap or absorb light
* photosynthesis
accept to make glucose or sugar or starch or
carbohydrate or food
(b) (i) * A
(ii)
any one from
* windpipe
* trachea
* airways
* bronchus
* bronchiole
* oviduct or fallopian tube
* to remove mucus
(iii)

accept to remove bacteria


accept to move mucus along
accept to move or remove bacteria or dust
particles
accept to move an ovum or egg along if the
oviduct or fallopian tube is given as the answer
to part ii
it is a self cleaning mechanism is insufficient
do not accept they clean dust or bacteria out of

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the lungs
(c) * B

The diagram shows a plant cell.

(a) Name the parts labelled A, B and C.


A
B
C
(b) Why are chloroplasts important to plants?
(c) Name two structures present in a plant cell that are not present in an animal cell.
and.

(a)
(b)
(c)

A cytoplasm
B cell wall
C nucleus
for photosynthesis / to absorb light
cell wall / (large) vacuole / chloroplast

Q2. Fill in the labels on the following microscope picture. Mention the function
of each part.

2 Complete these sentences by crossing out the wrong words.


a Magnification means to make a specimen look bigger/smaller.
b The magnification of your eyepiece lens is _10.
The magnification of your objective lens is _10.
The total magnification is _10/_100.

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3 Label the diagram of the animal cell and plant cell using these words.

Draw lines to match each feature to its function (job) in a cell.


Feature Function
nucleus
chemical changes happen here
cytoplasm
makes food using light
cell wall
controls what happens in the cell
chloroplast
supports the cell
vacuole
lets things in and out of the cell
cell membrane
contains liquid to keep the cell firm
In the box, write A if its an animal organ and P if its a plant
organ. Then draw lines to match each organ to its function (job).

6 Complete these sentences by crossing out the wrong words.


a A tissue is made of lots of cells/organs.
b An organ is made of lots of tissues/keys.
c The outer layer of skin (epidermis) is a tissue/an organ.

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d The heart is a cell/a tissue/an organ.


e A leaf is a tissue/an organ.

7 New cells are made by cell division. Which part of the cell divides
first during cell division? Circle the correct letter.
A cytoplasm B nucleus C cell membrane

Pollination happens when a pollen grain lands on the ............................... of


another plant.
b The pollen grain grows a ............................... which grows down through the
style to the
ovary.
c The pollen grain ............................... moves down the pollen tube into the ovary.
d When fertilisation happens in plants, the nucleus of a
............................... ...............................

joins together with the nucleus of an

............................... ............................... .

Q 7:
1- Label the parts of the microscope using the key words provided.

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Key Words

coverslip
diaphragm
illuminator
stage

2- Match the parts of the microscope to the definitions below.

Specimen is positioned on this.


________________________

Brings specimen into view without fine detail.


________________________

Used to shine light on object being viewed.


________________________

Holds lenses of different strengths, revolves.


________________________

Hold slide in position on stage.


________________________

Covers specimen on slide.


________________________

eyepiece

arm

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Adjusts light (brightness).


________________________

Joins base to nosepiece.


________________________

Eye is positioned on this to view object.


________________________

Turning this knob brings fine detail into focus.


________________________

Magnify specimens, various magnifications.


________________________

Stand or bottom of microscope.


________________________

Slide is positioned on this.


________________________

Q 8:
Fill in the missing values.
Eyepiece

Objective

Total

lens

magnification

10

10

20

20

40
10

200

20

400

40

800

200

15

450

15

600

Q 9:
The following box contains the names of 4 different types of cells:
leaf cell
root cell

nerve cell

red blood cell

1- Write the name of one of the above cells that you would expect to find in:

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i) an animal: _________________________

ii) a plant:

________________________
2- Choose words from the box above to identify each of the following cells.

A= _________________________________

B=

______________________________
C= _________________________________

D=

______________________________
3- What does cell C contain that is not present in any of the other cells?
________________________________
4- What is missing from cell B that is found in all the other cells?
_____________________________________
5- Which instrument do we use to observe cells in details?
__________________________________________

Q 10:
1- Name the organs in the diagram below using words from the box.
brain
stomach

heart

intestines

lung

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A __________________________
B __________________________
C __________________________
D __________________________
E __________________________
2- Which of the above organs:
i) pumps blood around the body? ____________________________
ii) helps to digest food? ____________________________________
iii) absorbs digested food into the blood? ______________________
iv) absorbs oxygen from the air? _____________________________
v) controls what the body does? ______________________________

Q 11:
1- What does each of the special cells do? Fill in this table (the first one has been
done for you).

Type of cell

Job of cell

Special features

Ciliated epithelial cells

Cleans dust out of the lungs

Tiny hairs

Nerve cell

Red blood cell

Root hair cell

2- A nerve cell is an unusual shape, but it has the same cell parts as other animal
cells. What are the cell parts labelled on this diagram?

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Q 12:
Comparing
When you are asked to compare things, you need to look for things that are the
same or similar. So when you compare plant and animal cells you could say:
Animal and plant cells both have cytoplasm.
1- Copy and complete these sentences:
Animal and plant cells both have a ____________________.
Animal and plant cells both have a ____________________ _____________________.

Contrasting
When you contrast things you are looking for differences.
You can do this as a table or list:

A plant cell has a cell wall, but an animal cell hasnt.

A plant cell has a fixed shape, but an animal cell doesnt.

Some plant cells have chloroplasts, but an animal cell hasnt.

2- A plant cell also has a vacuole.


Write down your own sentence like the ones above to contrast this with an animal
cell.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____
3- How are plant cells and animal cells different?
Copy the table and write down their differences.
Plant cell

4- This is Charlies answer to question 2.


The information is correct.
Explain why he got no marks.

Animal cell

A plant cell has a cell


wall.
A plant cell has a
vacuole.

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_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____

Q13:
1- Complete these sentences to describe the cell cycle.
a) The ___________________ divides, then the cell.
b) The new cells take in ____________________ so that they can grow.
c) Then each cell _______________ again.
d) Some cells change as they ________________. They become __________________ to do
different jobs. For example, some cells grow into muscle cells. Others become nerve
cells.
2- Complete the labels on the diagram.

Q 14:
Fill in the blank.
Pollination happens when _____________ cells from an anther are carried to a female
_______________. ____________________ happens when the pollen cell, which carries
genetic information from the male part of the plant, and the egg cell, which carries
genetic information from the female part of the plant, join to make a unique
individual plant. The pollen and the egg are specialised cells.

Q 15:
Why is it necessary for a pollen tube to develop for fertilisation to take place?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____
Q 16:
1- This diagram shows a pollen grain growing a pollen tube.

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Label it.

2- Complete these sentences:


Pollen tubes usually grow when they stick to the _____________________ of a flower. You
can sometimes get pollen to grow tubes if you put it on a microscope slide with
_________________ water.

You should be able to work out special features of a cell from a drawing, if you are
told what the cell can do. The tables below show examples of some specialised
animal and plant cells, with their functions and special features.
Type of animal cell

Function

Special features

Red blood cells

To carry oxygen

Nerve cell

Female reproductive cell


(Egg cell)

Large surface area, for oxygen


to pass through
Contains haemoglobin, which
joins with oxygen

To carry nerve impulses to


different parts of the body

Long
Connections at each end
Can carry electrical signals

To join with male cell and


then to provide food for the
new cell that's been formed

Large
Contains lots of cytoplasm

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Male reproductive cell


(sperm cell)

To reach female cell, and join


with it

Long tail for swimming


Head for getting into the
female cell

Type of plant cell

Function

Special features

Root hair cell

To absorb water and minerals

Large surface area

Leaf cell

To absorb sunlight for


photosynthesis

Large surface area


Lots of chloroplasts

14. How is the structure of white blood cells suited to their function?
A they are large and can block the walls of arteries
B they contain fibrin to seal cuts
C they can change shape to engulf bacteria
D they have a large surface area to carry oxygen
15. What is another function of white blood cells?
A the production of antibodies
B the production of antigens
C the production of pathogens
D the production of cilia

Amii was tired all the time. She had a blood sample taken at a hospital which
was then examined under a microscope. This is what was seen.

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1. The cell labelled X is a


A platelet
B skin cell
C red blood cell
D white blood cell
2. Amiis doctor said that the reason she felt tired all of the time was because
her red blood cells
could not carry enough
A oxygen
B carbon dioxide
C glucose
D hormones
X
3. Amiis doctor said she should take iron tablets to make her feel better.
The iron would be transported to her body cells by
A platelets
B plasma
C red blood cells
D white blood cells
1. Genes are made of
A chromosomes
B cytoplasm
C DNA
D HGP
2. To have a picture of your gene you must send a sample of your cheek cells
to the company.
They extract the gene and decode it.
Which part of the cheek cell contains the genes?
A cytoplasm
B nucleus
C cell membrane
D vacuole

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Which of the following is an egg cell or ovum? [7a-12]


1.

cell 4

2.

cell 2

3.

cell 3

4.

cell 5

Which of the following is a sperm cell? [7a-13]


1.

cell 5

2.

cell 4

3.

cell 1

4.

cell 6

Which part of a cell are the cilia? [7a-7]


1.

part T

2.

part P

3.

part O

4.

part R

Which part of the cells is a cell membrane? [7a-6]


1.

part T

2.

part P

3.

part R

4.

part O

Which of the following is a plant cell? [7a-9]


1.

cell 4

2.

cell 1

3.

cell 6

4.

cell 3

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Which of the following phrases best matches the word cytoplasm? [7a-40]
1.

the thin outer layer of an animal cell

2.

it controls the cell's activities

3.

most of the liquid in an animal cell

4.

small green structures in plant cells

5.

a large sugary liquid filled space in a plant cell

Which of the following phrases best matches the word organism? [7a-36]
1.

a collection of similar cells performing in the same way, forming part of the structure of a
plant or animal

2.

a structure made of different tissues to perform particular functions in a plant or animal

3.

an individual plant or animal

4.

a unit of life surrounded and enclosed by an outer membrane

issue is a structure made of many cells performing a similar function and different tissues do
different jobs. Which tissue enable body parts to be moved? [7a-74]
1.

nerve

2.

blood vessel

3.

bone

4.

muscle

5.

skin

Which of the following statements is FALSE? [7a-77]


1.

when cells divide, two different cells are formed

2.

cells must divide to get growth

3.

a cell must have a nucleus to divide

4.

not all cells can divide or repair themselves

Which of the following organs of the human body produces secretions to help digestion, stores
energy foods, controls glucose production and is damaged by too much alcohol? [7a-62]
1.

brain

2.

heart

3.

small intestine

4.

lungs

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5.

liver

Which of the following is TRUE? [7a-46]


1.

most cells have a nucleus

2.

all cells have a cell wall

3.

all plant cells contain chloroplasts

4.

some cells contain cytoplasm

Which of the following organs of the human body removes waste from the blood, purifying it
and makes urine? [7a-63]
1.

stomach

2.

small intestine

3.

liver

4.

kidney

5.

lungs

Which of the following is TRUE? [7a-44]


1.

all cells have a nucleus

2.

all cells have a cell wall

3.

only some plant cells contain chloroplasts

4.

some cells contain cytoplasm

Which of the following phrases best matches the word chloroplast? [7a-41]
1.

a large sugary liquid filled space in a plant cell

2.

it controls the cell's activities

3.

the thin outer layer of an animal cell

4.

most of the liquid in an animal cell

5.

small green structures in plant cells

5. What is the job of the nucleus?


To control what substances go into and out of the cell.

To act as the "brain" of the cell.

To control what happens inside the cell.

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6. What is the job of the cell membrane?
To control what substances go into and out of the cell.

To give a plant cell its shape.

To control what happens inside the cell.

7. What is the job of the cell wall?


To control what substances go into and out of the cell.

To give a plant cell its shape.

It is where photosynthesis happens.

8. What sort of structure is the heart?


a tissue

an organ

an organ system

9. Which of the following is not an organ system?


circulatory system

nervous system

one-way system

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1. It provides shape to the cell. It is semi-permeable, regulating the entry and exit of
substances, namely solutes and ions.
Answer: Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is also known as the plasma membrane. It is the outermost
covering of the animal cell. It protects the cell and regulates the entry and exit of
substances, namely ions and solutes.
2. It provides protection, shape and rigidity to the cell. It is freely permeable,
allowing substances in the form of solutions to enter and leave the cell without any
hindrance.
Answer: Cell Wall
The cell wall is the outermost covering of the plant cell made up of cellulose, and
surrounds the cell membrane. It protects the cell, provides mechanical support and
is responsible for maintaining pressure inside the cell.
3. It initiates and regulates cell division. It also helps in forming spindle fibres, with
the help of asters.
Answer: Centrosome
The centrosome of the animal cell contains one or two centrioles, and is surrounded
by microtubules or the centrosphere. It initiates and regulates cell division.
4. It is a plastid, containing a pigment called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll captures
energy from sunlight and helps in the manufacture of food by the process of
photosynthesis.
Answer: Chloroplast
The chloroplast of the plant cell is a green-colored plastid. Chlorophyll contained in
the chloroplast captures energy from sunlight and helps in the manufacture of food
by the process of photosynthesis.
5. It is a plastid, containing pigments such as xanthophyll (yellow in color) and
carotene (orangish-red in color). These pigments impart color to flowers and fruits of
plants.
Answer: Chromoplast
The chromoplast of the plant cell is a plastid that is colored differently in different
cells. It contains pigments such as xanthophyll (yellow in color) and carotene
(orangish-red in color). It imparts color to flowers and fruits of plants.
6. It is the house of all metabolic activities and functions in the cell. In other words, it
contains most of the cell organelles, each of which perform a specific function.
Answer: Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is composed of a mixture of water and soluble organic & inorganic
compounds, and contains most of the cell organelles. It is the house of all metabolic
functions and activities of the animal cell.
7. It provides support to the cell. It also helps in the synthesis and transport of
proteins and fats.
Answer: Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum consists of tubular structures (convoluted tubules) lying
near the nucleus. It provides support to the plant cell and the animal cell. It is of two
types, namely the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (does not have ribosomes attached
to it) and the rough endoplasmic reticulum (has ribosomes attached to it).

8. It synthesizes and secretes certain substances, namely hormones and enzymes. It


also helps in the formation of acrosome of sperm.
Answer: Golgi Apparatus
The golgi apparatus of the animal cell consists of flat vesicular structures placed one
on top of the other. It synthesizes and secretes certain substances, namely

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hormones and enzymes.


9. It is a plastid. It helps in the storage of starch.
Answer: Leucoplast
The leucoplast of the plant cell is a colorless plastid. It helps in the storage of starch.
10. It performs intracellular digestion. It also helps in destroying foreign substances.
Answer: Lysosome
The lysosome of the animal cell is a membranous sac budded off from the golgi
apparatus, and contains several types of enzymes. It performs intracellular digestion
and destroys foreign substances.
11. It is the site of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) synthesis. It also synthesizes
respiratory enzymes.
Answer: Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion of the cell has two layers of membrane, of which the inner one is
folded to form cristae. It is the site of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) synthesis.

12. It is semi-permeable, allowing substances to enter and leave the nucleus of the
cell. It also provides protection to the nucleus of the cell.
Answer: Nuclear Membrane
The nuclear membrane is the covering of the nucleus of the cell, and has numerous
pores. It allows substances to enter and leave.
13. It synthesizes proteins by producing and storing RNA (Ribonucleic acid). At the
same time, it orders ribosomes to synthesize proteins.
Answer: Nucleolus
The nucleolus is contained in the nucleus of the cell, and is round in shape. It
synthesizes proteins by producing and storing RNA (Ribonucleic acid).
14. It contains chromatin fibres, which are made up of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid).
After cell division takes place, these chromatin fibres undergo certain structural
changes, and are called chromosomes. These chromosomes carry the hereditary
information of the genes.
Answer: Nucleoplasm
The nucleoplasm is a dense fluid containing chromatin fibres, which are made up of
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). After cell division takes place, these chromatin fibres
undergo certain structural changes, and are called chromosomes. These
chromosomes carry the hereditary information of the genes.
15. It controls and coordinates all the activities and functions of the cell. It plays a
vital role in cell division.
Answer: Nucleus
The nucleus is the most important part of the cell, and contains large amounts of
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). It controls and coordinates all the activities and
functions of the cell.
16. It is known as the 'site of protein synthesis in the cell', and synthesizes proteins.
It is chiefly composed of RNA (Ribonucleic acid).
Answer: Ribosome
The ribosome is chiefly composed of RNA (Ribonucleic acid). It synthesizes proteins.
17. It helps in the storage of water and several other substances, namely food,
waste products and pigments. It also provides turgidity to the cell.
Answer: Vacuole
The vacuole of the plant cell is a very large and abundant vesicle. It is filled with
fluids, and helps in the storage of water and other substances.

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