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Source Generator
Florin VELEA, Marcel NICOLA, Dumitru SACERDOIANU
Abstract
Power quality has a significant effect on economic indicators and transport network and is a defining parameter
for evaluating its performance. To a large extent, the noise who leading to lower level of power quality are
determined by consumer activity (harmonics, unbalance, flicker). But production systems, transport and
distribution, due to specific requests that arise (lightning, wind, ice deposits, damage) can be the source of
disturbance in the form of interruptions, dips, surges, voltage and frequency variations. Also, to overcome the
limits of power, the transmission may be the source voltage harmonics, both corona discharge and by operating
the nonlinear characteristic of magnetic circuits. Development of electricity transmission network should be taken
to ensure the standard of power quality in network interface distribution points. Traditional means for improving
the quality of electricity transmission network and to large industrial consumers, have focused on only increase
the power factor up to the neutral (0.92) and taking technical - organizational measures for limiting consumption
of reactive power. This paper will present a description of the principle of dynamic compensation of reactive
power static generator, highlighting the advantages of its use.
Keywords: 3 level inverter, SVG, SVC, power factor, reactive power
1. Introduction
Current studies aimed at power quality
problem, takes place mainly in three
directions:
Analysis of current indicators of quality
and
development
of
effective
monitoring programs, which form the
basis of correct relations provider consumer.
Evaluate the effects of deviations from
the
recommended
limits
of
international regulations.
Establishment of effective measures of
technical, organizational, contractual,
legal, wich to ensure the employment
of indicators quality standards in
imposed limits.
If the first two directions are informational
role, providing a image of the energy quality
available in the system, namely, an
assessment of effects, the third direction
should provide concrete technical solutions
regardind the compliance of the quality
indicators.
Power quality is generally given by
stability, symmetry and current waveform
100
101
102
103
104
Vsa
V = 2Vs
sb
3
Vsc
Via
V =
ib
Vic
sin(t )
sin(t 2 3 )
2
sin(t + 3 )
sin(t + )
2Vi
sin(t + 2 3 )
3
2 )
sin(t + +
3
(1)
(2)
V sa
= [M ]. V
sb
V sc
(3)
Vid
Via
V = [M ]V
iq
ib
Vio
Vic
(4)
2
sin(t + ) sin(t + 2 ) sin(t + + 2 )
3
3
3
1
1
1
2
2
2
(5)
d
dt
I d
I d V sd Vid
Id
I + L I + R I = V V
iq
q
q sq
q
(6)
where
Vsd Vs
V =
sq 0
(7)
and
Vid Vi sin
V =
iq Vi cos
(8)
3
p = V sd I d
2
(9)
3
q = Vsd I q
2
(10)
105
3
Vid*2 + Viq*2
3
= 2 cos1
K.Vdc
(11)
= tan
V iq*
*
V
id
Tn =
L
= Tol
R
(13)
and
1
(12)
U
sTi R
1
=
H cl =
U
sT R
1+
1+ i
sTi R
U
(14)
106
Tcl =
Ti R
U
(15)
Ti =
UT cl
R
(16)
Kp =
Tn 1 L
=
Ti U Tcl
Ki =
1
1 R
=
Ti U Tcl
(17)
6. Acknowledgment
This work was financially supported by
the National Authority for Scientific Research
(ANCS) of Romania, under the scientific
programme core, the project Modern
sources average power and variable
frequency at low and medium voltage using
amorphous magnetic material circuits Code
PN 09 01 02 08/2009.
7.References
[1] Pekik A., Control Method for Static VAR
Compensator Based On Modular Multilevel
Inverter, School of Electric Engineering and
Informatics,
Institute
of
Technology
Bandung;
http://repo.eepisits.edu/181/1
/A_Control_Method_for_Static_VAR_Compe
nsator_Based_On_Modular_Multilevel_Inver
ter.pdf, document consultat la data de 1 nov
2011.
[2] Mariusz M., Simple Control Scheme of
Three-Level PWM Converter Connecting
107
8. Biography
Florin VELEA was born in
Craiova (Romania), on April 6,
1957.
He graduated the University of
Bucharest - the Faculty of
Electronics (Romania) in 1982.
He is Researcher at Research and
Development
Laboratory
for
Electromechanical Equipment at Research,
Development and Testing National Institute
108