Advance Operating System

Homework Assignment: 1

Code: COSC-5302
Instructor: Dr. Lawrence Osborne

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1.3 A robot B wants to cross a road, while another robot A is moving from left
to right (Figure 1.2). Assuming that each robot can determine the (x, y)
coordinates of both the robots, outline the program for each robot, so that
they do not collide with each other. Ref fig from textbook
You can assume that (1) the clocks are synchronized and (2) the robots
advance in discrete stepswith each tick of the clock, they move one foot at a
time.
Solution:

Lets assume Coordinates of robot A are (X1,Y1)

Coordinates of robot B are (X2,Y2)
We will use the concept of mutual exclusion property of Distributed Systems to
achieve this solution.
In this algorithm Robot A is given higher priority than Robot B. Thus only Robot B
comes to halt if there is any chance of collision and wait for As signal to pass.
pseudocode
For robot B
(X2,Y2) current position of robot B.
robotB()
{
Boolean stop; //either true or false depending on position of robotA
...
Go();
}
Go()
{
While(true)
{
If(stop==true)
{
stop();// stop the vehicle
else
move_oneStep();//one step forward
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}
}
}
move_oneStep()
{
(X2,Y2+one_step)//Code for robotB to take a unit step(Assuming robotB is going in
y direction)
}
isColliding()
{
if(Y1+unit_step==Y2-unit_step&&X1=X2+1)
stop=true;
//robotB will halt
wait();//wait for robotA to signal
if(signal())//if robotA signals
Go();
//update values of X2 and Y2
else
wait();
}
For robot A
robotA()
{
If(X1=X2+one_step&&Y1+(2*one_step)=Y2)
Message();//signal robotB to move
//update X1,Y1
Else
//continue moving through one_step
}

1.4 On a Friday afternoon, a passenger asks a travel agent to reserve the earliest
flight next week from Cedar Rapids to Kathmandu via Chicago and London. United
Airlines operates hourly flights in the sector Cedar Rapids to Chicago. In the sector
ChicagoLondon, British Airways operates daily flights. The final sector is operated
by the Royal Nepal Airlines on Tuesdays and Thursdays only. Assuming that each of

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these airlines has an independent agent to schedule its flights, outline the
interactions between the travel agent and these three airline agents, so that the
passenger eventually books a flight to Kathmandu.

Solution:
Below is the interaction between Travel agent and the three airline agents for the
passenger to book a flight to Kathamandu.
A) CR to Chicago Sector Cedar Rapids to Chicago operated by United Airlines
hourly
1. Date and time for earliest flight available to with seat availability to arrive
chicago from CR for Flight2 on / before from arrival terminal of Flight2+1/2
hour buffer time
2.what is the Check in Time for Flight1
3. What is the duration of the Flight.

B) Chicago to London Sector Chicago to London operated by British Airways

Daily
1. what is departure date and time for earliest flight available to london from
chicago with seat availability for Flight3 on Tuesday /Thursday before check
in date &time taken to reach the departure terminal for Flight3 from arrival
terminal of Flight2+1/2 hour buffer time
2.what is the Check in Time for Flight2
3. What is the duration of the Flight.
C) London to Kathamndu
Sector operated by Royal Nepal Airline
Tuesdays/Thursdays
1.what is the departure time of flights to Kathamandu on tuesdays/thursdays
from London with seat availability.
2.what is the Check in Time for Flight3
3. What is the duration of the Flight.

1.7 KaZaA is a system that allows users to download music files in a

transparent way from another computer that may belong to a next-door
neighbor or to someone halfway around the world. Investigate how this file
sharing is implemented.
KaZaA uses FastTrack protocol which is a peer-to-peer(P2P) protocol. P2P systems
are used for file sharing between them.

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Songs are stored on the Peers rather than storing on the Centralized computer.
There is huge amount of information present in the servers all over the world so to
download the information we use KaZaA from other machine. It avoids using of
Cetral Server. Napstar uses the centralized directory and also uses the P2P
systems.

1.8 A customer wants to fly from airport A to airport B within a given period of
time by paying the cheapest fare. She submits the query for flights and
expects to receive the reply in a few seconds. Travelocity.com, expedia.com,
and orbitz.com already have such services in place. Investigate how these
services are implemented.
Customer goes to the flight book website and queries for flights between airport A
and airport B. After submitting the query the website searches for all the flights in a
centralized database located in different server where all the flights information is
stored and lists the flights for the customer. The flight details are displayed according
to the customer preferences like lowest price first or seat availability.
Trace of the service implementation in flight booking websites.
1)The website server sends the request to the centralized database(Server) and gets
the details of flights between Airport A and Airport B
2)The database server gives the response to the website server with the details of
flights and after getting the response the website server responds to the customer
with available flights.
3) The pricing criteria depends on website used.

1.10 How can a single processor system be used to implement a

unidirectional ring of N processes?
Solution:
Single processor can be used to implement a unidirectional ring of N processes by
using Critical section .The critical section object is a synchronization object that can
be used for mutual exclusion amongst threads of a single process.
Unidirectional processes are simply ring of sequential processes. Leader election is
the process of designating a single process as the coordinator of some task
distributed among several processes. From the ring of N processes we have to elect
a leader which will coordinate the use of the processor.

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Ring algorithm can be used to elect a leader amongst the N processes. The election
message is passed through the ring of processes to inform the election of leader.

Advance operating System Homework assignment 1