Outline for today

• Components of an effective talk

A presentation about • Visual guidelines
giving a presentation
• Review

• Conclusions
Laurel Schaider
1.018/7.30J Final Lecture
November 20, 2003

Components of presentation Setting the stage

• Set the stage • You can have bullet points
• Background • to tell the audience what
• State the question/hypothesis • you’re going to talk about
• Describe your approach • but what might be better
• Sample data • is a picture to really
• Conclusions • set the stage

Picture of a fire along the side of a road.

Removed for copyright restriction.

See: http://www.nifc.gov/gallery/manter.html

Manter Fire Sequoia National Forest California (http://www.nifc.gov/gallery/manter.html

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 How can this be prevented?

www.nifc.gov -Sequoia National Forest California

http://www.nifc.gov/gallery/manter.html

What are we doing to rangeland genetic diversity?

http://www.nau.edu/~envsci/sisk/courses/env440/SCBS/andy.htm

Are we being
affected by
environmental
estrogens?

news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/business/newsid_610000/610046.stm

www.njeit.org/examples.htm

http://www.ecology.com/dr-jacks-natural-world/most-important-organism/

Introduction
• Why is your topic significant?

• What have other people studied about it?

• What is not known?

Manter Fire Sequoia National Forest California (http://www.nifc.gov/gallery/manter.html

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 State the Question/Hypothesis
• What is the major question or hypothesis
you are testing?
What role do chelated metals
• You can have 1 or 2 or 3, but not too many
play in total metal uptake?

Flow Cytometry
Approach & methods
Cells
• Discuss approach
Forward light
• Briefly include important methods Laser scatter detector

– Site selection

– Novel experimental techniques DNA

per cell
– Unfamiliar concepts

• Pictures are very helpful here! Pigment fluorescence

Prof. Chisholm
detector

Hypothesized results
Methods
• Graphs are really helpful
• Grow plants 4-6 weeks
• 2-3 days exposure metal-EDTA
• Tables can be hard to read
solutions

• Just one or two examples...You don’t have

time to share all your hypothesized data
total metal – GFAAS
FeEDTA- & total EDTA
HPLC, Nowack et al., 1996
Me-EDTA2- – HPLC
Bedsworth & Sedlak, 2001

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 Winogradsky data Winogradsky data
100
% with
% with
% black colors in 80
bubbles
mud

% samples
60
Meat
Meat 100 100 50 No meat
40

20
No Meat 0 80 60
0
black bubb les colors in mud

Potential further global Residence time of Atmospheric CO2 Target reduction in Gl obal annual CO2
emissions from fossil CO2 in the accumulation rate atmospheric CO2 over avoidance & capture
fuels (GtC) atmosphere (yr) (GtC/yr) next 100 years (GtC) target (GtC/yr)
659a -4000b

CO2 Storage
50 - 200c

Approx. Global Total Costg

3.3 ± 0.2d

,h
Residence
Approx. 850e

Sequestration
3.5 + [rise in emissions]

Ecological Other Benefits Deployment

Effects of excess EDTA
Option f Capacity (GtC) ($/tC) Time (years) Rate (GtC/yr) Risks Status
Southern Ocean 152i 1-15j Varies with 1.52 (100 year Hypoxia, Stimulates fish IRONEX I & II,
Fe-Fertilisation durati on of average)l HABs, change production? SO IREE, and
85k ocean in species CARUSO field
fertilisation composition experiments
Root or shoot dry weight (g) 0.1 95
Deep Ocean > 1,000 >300m 100-1000o Optimal rate to Ecos yst em None DOE Testing off

Shoot water content (%)

Injection or (4.1)n be determined disruption due Kona Island in
Diffusion to CO2 acidity p 2001-2002?
Ocean Aquifers 100m-220q 50-60m,r Si te specificm > 0.001t (not yet Groundwater None Commercial pilot
0.08
(4.7)s maximized) impact, leakage at Sleipner in % water
to bent hic zone North Sea. 90
Depleted Oil & 180s (8.2)r Up to Site specific Groundwater Extends value 0.06 **
Gas Reservoirs 1,000,000s impact, land of reservoir site shoots
absidence,

Agro-forestry 50 - 100u 10v- 80i > 100 1.2s

subsidence
Introduction of Biofuels and JI project in
0.04
(About 290 Mha (Depends on (Depends on (2.2tC/ha-yr)w alien species, ot her product s, Scolel Te,
85
suitable globally land & water management monoculturing, wildlife habitat, Mexicox. Farm roots **
for this practice) cost, & value strategy) (3.9–7.7tC/ha land/water use watershed management in 0.02
of products) -yr)s conflictss management. USA for CO2.
Enhanced Oil >16.6s 40-60s Up to 0.4s Groundwater Increased oil Commercial use *
Recovery 1,000,000s impact, land recovery in North Sea & 0 80
absidence,
subsidence
West Texass. control 500 µM 500 µM
Coal-bed CH4 (a) 1.4 - 4.1 (a) - 55 (!) Up to Site specific Low risk Recovery of Commercial (45 µM excess excess
(b)18 - 22 (b) 50 1,000,000s methane pilots in New
(c) 40y (c) 350-450s Mexico and excess EDTA EDTA +
Australia. EDTA) Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn

Effects of excess EDTA Conclusions & Implications

• Tell them what you told them
Root or shoot dry weight (g)

0.1 95
Shoot water content (%)

0.08
% water
• Re-iterate why it matters
90
0.06 **
shoots **
0.04
85
roots ** *
0.02
* **
0 80
control 500 µM 500 µM
(45 µM excess excess
excess EDTA EDTA +
EDTA) Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn

 Planning content
• Consider knowledge of audience
• Consider what makes an interesting story
• Ask rhetorical questions
• You can’t say everything that’s in your
proposal!
General hints on effective visuals
• Don’t use more words than are necessary
• Choose a font style and size that will allow
your audience to see the words clearly
• While colors can be very useful, choose
carefully and don’t over-do it.
Bullet points
• W atch out for alignment of bullets
• There should be a space between bullet and
first word
• And second line should be aligned
• And there should be space between points
• This will make the words easier to read
• But you shouldn’t have this many words in the
first place, this is more as an example
General hints on effective visuals
• Concise
• Font
• Color
Bullet points
•W atch out for alignment of bullets
•There should be a space between bullet and
first word
•And second line should be aligned
•And there should be space between points
•This will make the words easier to read
•But you shouldn’t have this many words in the
first place, this is more as an example
Beware the flying bullet
• Some people like the bullet points
• To come flying in one-by-one
• This can interesting and amusing
• But sometimes is distracting
• Plus people sometimes like to have time to
read over all the points at their leisure
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 Fonts without serifs are easier to read than fonts with serifs. Serifs are
those little lines like you have in Times New Roman font. This is in
Arial Font size 20.
This is in size 40 font Fonts without serifs are easier to read than fonts with serifs.
Serifs are those little lines like you have in Times New Roman font.
This is in size 35 font This is in Comic Sans M S Fo nt size 20 .

This is in size 30 font
This is in size 25 font
This is in size 20 font
This is in size 16 font
This is in size 12 font
This is in size 8 font
Fonts without serifs are easier to read than fonts with serifs. Serifs
are those little lines like you have in Times New Roman font. This is in
Tahoma Font size 20.
Fonts without serifs are easier to read than fonts with serifs. Serifs are those
little lines like you have in Times New Roman font. This is in Times New
Roman Font size 20.
Fonts without serifs are easier to read than fonts with serifs. Serifs are
those little lines like you have in Times New Roman font. This is in
Palatino Font size 20.

Colors can be used very effectively. Of course, color choice depends on your background.

Contrasting colors make a more dramatic effect than Contrasting colors make a more dramatic effect than
really similar colors, which might not show up as really similar colors, which might not show up as
different. different.

Some colors show up better than others. Some colors show up better than others.

Too many colors, well, are just too many colors. Too many colors, well, are just too many colors.

Speaking of backgrounds Beware of really busy or textured

backgrounds
• Dark backgrounds with light writing can be really nice These can be distracting
And also make the text harder to read
• Problems:
– Sometimes harder to make handouts
– W astes a lot of ink if you want to photocopy
– Can darken a room

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 There are many pre-set options Engaging the audience
 Some are interesting • Eye contact
 Some are distracting • Pace
 Choose carefully
• Content – Who’s your audience?

biosphere

ecosystem

PRACTICE! community

population

organism

Organism Population
Metabolisms: sources of C, energy, e- Population growth
heterotrophs Intraspecific competition
photoautotrophs and chemolithoautotrophs

wolf wolf

deer moose deer moose

nutrients light nutrients light

grass grass

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 Community Ecosystem
Interspecific competition Productivity
Predation Limiting nutrients
Food webs Life �� Surroundings
wolf wo lf

deer moose deer moose

nutrients light nutrients light

grass grass

Biosphere What else is ecology?

Grassland
wolf
Biogeochemical cycles
deer moose
• Different biomes
Climate change
nutrients
grass
light
– Tropical ecology, marine ecology, etc.
• Different organisms
CO2 O2 N – Plants, microbes, animals
• Population & community ecology
Tundra Ocean
fox fish • Evolutionary ecology
ferr et mouse copepod shrimp

nutrients light nutrients light

moss algae

Want to learn more?

Department of Organismic & Evolutionary
Biology

Evolution of Plant Life in Geologic Time

Biological Oceanography
Tropical Insect Systematics
Global Change Biology
Topics in Marine Biology
Nature and Regulation of Marine Ecosystems Ecology is a science
Forest Ecology

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 Ecology is a science
...but ecological principles can be applied
to other aspects of our lives

Thanks Sagol Gracias Shukriya

Merci Tashakkur Danke Takk
Salamat Arigato Komapsumnida
Xie xie Spasibo Tack Khawpkhun
Vinaka Köszönöm Asante Nandri
Ngiyabonga Cám ón Dakujem
Tapadh leat Dhannvaad Kongoi
Gratia Makasih Dankie Shukran