Abstract

Computer classified based on there purpose with clear examples for the special purpose
computers there are seven examples and three examples for special purpose computer
each example have been explained clearly what it does and its already classified whether
is a general purpose of specific purpose it hardware and software part have been
discussed briefly with the. Help of diagram of each example; also be for the existence of
that particular computer what was used.

INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, most people knows what is computer. Computer available everywhere, everyone
uses it at home, work, university. In future, computer will be using for everything. Individual
computers means PC, they can watch movies, play games, connect to the internet to sit in
Facebook or YouTube. But this is just one face of computer. It is much more than PC. A
computer can be defined as a machine that take s instructions and operations them.
Commanded instruction is known as programs to do operation. At a time, user can give a few
instruction to a computer to complete quite a lot of operations. This is a point of difference
for the computer.

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER
Starting with the first computer, there are different types of computer. Some of them for
specific task and some for general users. There are three types to classification computer
based on application, such as Analog, Digital and Hybrid. Analog computer is uses the
continuously of physical phenomena like electrical, mechanical. Mostly, this computer uses
in Hospitals and Air-crafts. Digital is common classes of computer. It can be distinct as a
computer for calculation and logical operations. Hybrid computer is mixing of Analog and
Digital computers. Computers also can be classified based on size like Mainframe, Mini and
Macro Computers. Mainframe computer is very powerful with large memory and processing.
One of this computer will take many places but it can support hundreds of users at a time.
Mini is medium sized computer. It support less than Mainframe and power is also less. Micro
is computer that uses everyday by everyone. Classification can be based on brand, but
everyone knows what of brand most popular now and they are choosing between some of
them.

SPECIAL PURPOSE COMPUTERS

Special purpose computers are created to complete only one specific task. They are called
dedicated computers, because are perform one task again and again. These computer mostly
uses for playing graphic intensive Video Games, traffic lights control system, navigational
system in an aircraft, weather forecasting, oil exploration, and in automotive industries, and
Robot helicopter.
To create specific purpose computer does not need a lot of memories because they are using
to a specific issue its design as opposed. They are quick in progressing than general computer
by they have only one functions. But weakness of this computer, they are not flexibility,
because cannot utilized to perform different tasks.

http://www.byte-notes.com/types-computers-purpose

Smart Traffic Light

In an era, where everyone has a car smart traffic lights is very important. It combines exiting
technology with the artificial intelligence to create lights that can do own decision to control
traffic. This completely differs than the normal traffic lights systems which their signalling
devices located at pedestrian crossings, road intersections and other places to control course
of traffic, they have basically signal that operate a covered induction coil to intellect the
presence of signal that regulate to information from the central computer about the position,
speed and direction of cars. (Emad I Abdul Kareem, 2011)
Several decades ago, police officer stayed on the road for driving the machine. Over time, the
number of owners of cars increased that forcing to create traffic technology to invent road
accidents. Introduction of the system of red, yellow, and green signal was very helpful in this.
Of course there were cons of first traffic but in time all the shortcomings were removed. Now,
there is a new intelligent traffic system.
(Koopman, 2004)

Main part of the smart light control system are traffic light control centre this where all
information are processed and stored sensors to send the signals and send to the control
centres and LED light is for indication to the road users.

Weather Forecasting Computer

Weather forecasting is one of the best inventions, a breakthrough in the field of science and
technology with it can accurately determine the state of the atmosphere for a given locality.
The computer that generates a weather forecast with the help of the meat computing and
large-scale factors such as air pressure, rotation of the Earth, the solar radiation and the water
cycle. Forecasters can determine prognosis from all directions and not just at one point.
(Lynch, 2007)
Before the weather forecasting computer man used history to expect the weather informally
for periods, and formally since the nineteenth century. (Edwards, 2010)

Weather micro server this to provide real-time weather data to Weather Master
Software over. Surge arrester is a device to protect electrical equipment from overvoltage transients caused by external lightning. Computer is to manipulate data and
with the help of weather master software that come through a network. (Colombia
weather Systems, 2005)

Digital Video Recorder

Device that records video in a digital format to a disk drive example USB flash drive,
SD memory card, SSD or other local or networked mass storage device. DVR's take
standard NTSC video from the same kind of cameras as VCR's. When the signal arrives
at the DVR a special board converts the NTSC video image to a digital image file.
DVR's have hard drives and video images can be recorded and recalled from a hard
drive just like any computer file. Because the images are digital, they can be copied
many times without losing any quality. DVR's can also be networked and linked to the
Internet, just like computers.
Before DVR there was video tape recorders (VTR) later people start using DVR, which
allows higher quality and lower cost than VTR technology. (Sony, 2013)

An analogue to digital converter, or encoder, which converts the composite analogue

video signals into the digital domain. Digital storage, usually hard disks, where the
digital representation of the analogue signals are stored ready for use. A database,
relating the digital information to references; time, alarms and other metadata,
enabling the video information to be retrieved and displayed quickly and easily.. These
are usually found more in smaller, standalone DVRs and less common in enterprise level
DVRs.An operating system, which runs the whole DVR.A computer network interface,

found in more recent DVRs, to allow the DVR to be interrogated remotely. (Forouzan,
2007)

Aeroplane Control System

Specialized computer system that automates a wide range of tasks in the air, reducing the
load on the flight crew to the fact that modern civilian aircraft are not engineers or navigators
tickets. The main function is to control the flight of the flight plan. Using a variety of sensors
(eg, GPS and INS navigation is often backed up) to determine the position of the aircraft, the
aircraft control system can maintain the aircraft on the flight plan. (Peter W. Merlin, 2012)
Engineers or navigators was needed to control aeroplanes manually before creating
Aeroplane Control System. (Croucher, 2005)

Control Display Unit (CDU), which incorporates a small screen and keyboard or
touchscreen. The FMS sends the flight plan for display to the Electronic Flight
Instrument System (EFIS), Navigation Display (ND), or Multifunction Display (MFD)
(Helicopter Maintenance Magazine, 2012).

Ultra Sound computer

Ultrasound scan also known as a sonogram, it uses high-frequency sound waves that allows
you to see through the skin and faceted person. In many respects it is used to monitor or the
unborn child during surgery. (Better Health Channel, 2015)
When x-rays was used before the Ultra sound computer. X-ray scan was not very good
because of health issues and ultra sound computer made it easy and fast. With Ultra sound
computer, examiner can see clear image (Women's Diagnostic Center, 2012)

Ultrasound Scanner uses computer to analyse and to interpret and the main hardware
are the scanner computer which consist of monitor for display have CPU and processors
and software for the analysis of the results (Chris Basoglu, 1998)

ATM Machines
ATM is an electronic telecommunications device. With the help of which you can carry out
various financial operations such as withdrawing money from a bank or shipping. These
operations do not require human prevalence of the cashier that he was easier for them to
work. (Nair, 2015)
Before people had to go to the bank and get money and this process was long because was
served by people, who was not as fast as ATM machine and the process was not convenient as
it is in ATM. (ATMScript.Com, 2015)

An ATM is typically made up of the following devices CPU (to control the user interface
and transaction devices).Magnetic or chip card reader (to identify the customer)PIN
pad EEP4 (similar in layout to a touch tone or calculator keypad), manufactured as part
of a secure enclosure Secure crypto processor, generally within a secure enclosure
Display (used by the customer for performing the transaction)Function key buttons
(usually close to the display) or a touchscreen (used to select the various aspects of the
transaction)Record printer (to provide the customer with a record of the
transaction)Vault (to store the parts of the machinery requiring restricted
access)Housing (for aesthetics and to attach signage to)Sensors and indicatorsATMs
worldwide use a Microsoft Windows operating system, primarily Windows XP
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Professional or Windows XP EmbeddedA small number of deployments may still be

running older versions of Windows OS such as Windows NT, Windows CE, or Windows
2000. (Regmi, 2014)

GPS
Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system made up of a network
of 24 satellites orbiting the earth at all times. This system, when the proper signals are
conventional, allows a user to tell where they are located. (Gliders (Aeronautics), 2009)
When GPS was not, people used compasses and maps which helped to get direction on
certain places. (Schaible, 2013)

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Memory management segment primarily manages memory. RAM allows you to mount
GPS devices. Antenna is for receiving signals.

GENERAL PURPOSE COMPUTER

A general purpose computer was invented for diversity processing working places. With this
computer, you can perform different tasks simultaneously, including the creation and edit data
to make scientific calculations and manage security, power consumption and temperature in
buildings. (Linda Null, 2014) General-purpose computers are intended for use by a wide
range of functions. Maybe right now you are using one of the bottom of this article to read as
well as I use one of or for writing this article. (MS Word). A general-purpose computer can
store and execute a variety of programs in its internal memory. But yet, this is achieved at the
expense of speed and efficiency. However, having this flexibility makes the most acceptable
compromise.0 (Eben Weitzman, 1995)

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4.1

Smart Phone

Smartphones, the device that everyone has is an advanced phone with the operating system.
Which combines the functions of a personal computer operating system and other useful
devices. They usually combines the personal digital assistant, GPS navigator and media
player. They also have interface touch screen and has access to the Internet, which may allow
to download multiple applications or the desired files from different devices. Most
smartphones since 2012 has a high-speed mobile 4G LTE Internet. (Dr. Asoke N, 2015)
Some years ago, people can using only normal phones which only perform one function.
Nowadays, Smartphones can make multiples tasks. You can take pictures, sending emails,
using GPS a lot of thing can be done with smartphones (Hildenbrand, 2013)

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Different smart phone have different specification in terms of hardware and software
example iPhone 6 has the following specifications storage 16GB, processors A8 chip
with 64-bit architecture, software is using iOS 9 so with this phone you can do a lot of
task since is manufactured for multiple tasks.

4.2

Tablets

The tablet is a mobile touch screen, circuit and battery in a single unit. It is equipped with
cameras, sensors, microphones and accelerometers. The sensor display uses finger
recognition replaces mouse and keyboard. With a tablet, you can go to a social network,
watch different videos from YouTube channel, check your email and listen to music.
Before the arrival of the tablet, people largely use return laptops but now the tablet is much
lighter and more mobile. And they increasingly prefer to use a tablet.

Different company manufacture different tablet with various specifications based on the
user needs example Samsung tab 3 it using android operating software 4.1.2(Jelly Bean)
CPU Dual-core 1.2 GHZ Cortex-A9 memory up to 64 GB but user can add external
memory. (GSMarena, 2002)

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4.3

Laptop

The laptop, which is the thing every student, portable personal computer with a farm-factor
clamshell mobile use. It is also known as notebooks. Although there are differences between
them, such as whole. Prior to joining the laptop, people had a desktop computer but now they
prefer laptops for work or watching movies because it easy to move around and do not need a
constant supply, because there is where the battery is kept charged energy.

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Laptop has battery which helps to store power, CPU for central processing unit,
memory to store data display unit for displays also a laptop must operate under
software example window 10, IOS and Linux. (ConsumerReports.org, 2015)
Example of laptop with specifications MacBook Pro (13-inch, Mid 2012) - Technical
Specifications processors 2.5GHz dual-core Intel Core i5 processor (Turbo Boost up to
3.1GHz) with 3MB L3 cache, memory 4GB of 1600MHz DDR3 memory, storage 500GB
5400-rpm hard drive. Software is using operating system OS X El Capitan (Apple,
2014)

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5.0

CONCLUSION

Conclusion, the two types of computer Special purpose computer and general-purpose
computer. Special purpose computers are created to perform specific task where generalpurpose computer are made to perform multiple task, with examples, how they are used and
why are they used and there main part where cleared elaborated computer and explain how
the computer is used why is used and before there where created what was used instead.

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