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The
stoi
ivil
War
prison
camp
By Raymond
F. Baker,
based on research by
Edwin C. Bearss
Office of Publications
Department
of the Interior
camp
Between February
1864, when the first prisoners arrived, and April
1865, when the prison ceased to exist, more than
45,000 Union soldiers were confined there. Of
these, more than 12,000 perished from disease,
malnutrition, overcrowding, and exposure. The
prison's official name was Camp Sumter, but most
in south -central Georgia.
people called
it
Andersonville.
A ndersonville,
at
known
of
Southern
jl\. military
prisons,
At that
munity
was
a small
com-
when
W. Anderson,
the line
super-
was extended
The
only-
railing "over
in half.
To guard
against
enemy
summer
adminof
Winder wanted
to
xjL officers,
at the
Next
captives.
The
&&
K &tt*$0
Plan of the stockade and surroundings at Andersonville, by
J. Wells. From the Century Magazine, 1890.
or other Confederate
when they
arrived.
battlefields,
clothes at
The
all.
either one-third
The
prisoners,
pound
of
to
do business on a regular
basis.
number
as
much
as 75 feet deep.
Ropes attached
to buckets, cups,
10
&
Zt0f
II-
&0MJL
Issuing rations to 33,000 prisoners, August 1864. This
photograph was probably taken near the North Gate on
Market
Street.
When
12
camps
When the
to their
homes
Abraham
Most
13
?nry wirz,
:arch
14
comman
1864April
War
and
He
to obtain food
tried to provide
adequate
for his
After his arrest in 1865, Wirz was taken to the Old Capitol
Prison in Washington, D.C. Tried and found guilty by
a military commission for conspiring with others to
"impair and injure the health and to destroy the lives
of large numbers of federal prisoners" and for "murder, in
violation of the laws and customs of war," he was hanged
.
in
Washington on November
10, 1865.
Despite numerous
15
movement of
supplies
completely cut
off.
"peripheral points."
The eminent
Civil
War
If
prisoners
and
exchange the
and
16
sufferings
their confinement.
When
veteran's organization.
Woman's
Relief Corps,
WRC
The
prison
to the
made
18
Army until
Park
Service.
The
gently
it is
much
it
Civil
be seen.
With
War
famous
Civil
identify
who helped to
who died while
19
the
name and
Illinois,
New York,
monuments
cemetery.
20
in the
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