Violin Book 1

for string orchestra

A Comprehensive Musicianship String Method
Gail V. Barnes Brian Balmages Carrie Lane Gruselle Michael Trowbridge
Congratulations on choosing to play in the orchestra! Orchestras have played an important role
throughout history and have performed for kings, queens, presidents, and countless other historical
figures. You are about to begin an exciting musical journey full of rewards and performance
opportunities. As you practice, you will find yourself sharing the gift of music with family, friends
and audiences. So get readyyour path to success begins now!
ALL-IN-ONE DVD

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VIDEO

Your book comes with an All-In-One DVD. It includes tuning notes, instructional videos, and accompaniments for
every exercise in the book. You can also put the DVD into your computer to access and transfer the mp3 files to a
portable device or burn to a CD. You may also stream or download all videos and recordings by following the
instructions on the inside back cover of this book.

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HISTORY OF THE VIOLIN

The violin is a member of the string family, which also includes the viola, violoncello and double bass. Its early ancestors were
the fiddle and the rebec (a European instrument that was derived from an Arabic stringed instrument dating back to the 8th
century!). There are stringed instruments all over the world that are used in many cultures. Some of them are plucked while
others are also played with the bow.

Reproduction Prohibited

The violin we know today was perfected in Italy during the 16th century. The most famous maker from that time is Antonio
Stradivari. There are about 600 of his violins still in existence today, and some are worth well over a million dollars!
Composers throughout history have written music for the violin, which can be used to play many types of music including jazz,
classical, rock, and fiddle music. Famous violinists include Itzhak Perlman, Jascha Heifetz, Niccol Paganini, Joshua Bell,
Hilary Hahn, and Jean-Luc Ponty.
Production: Frank J. Hackinson
Cover Design: Danielle Taylor and Andi Whitmer
Interior Line Drawings: Nina Crittenden, Adrianne Hirosky,

Danielle Taylor, and Andi Whitmer

Interior Layout and Design: Andi Whitmer and Ken Mattis

Production Coordinators:Brian Balmages and Ken Mattis
Printer: Tempo Music Press, Inc.

ISBN-13: 978-1-61928-089-2
Copyright 2013 by THE FJH MUSIC COMPANY INC. (ASCAP).
2525 Davie Road, Suite 360, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33317-7424
International Copyright Secured. All Rights Reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
WARNING! The music, text, design, and graphics in this publication are protected by copyright law.
Any duplication is an infringement of U.S. copyright law.

PARTS OF THE VIOLIN AND BOW

PRACTICE GOOD
INSTRUMENT CARE!
violin

scroll
peg box

1. Always handle your

instrument with care and
avoid extreme temperatures.
It can easily be damaged.

peg
nut

2. Your teacher will show you

a safe way to remove the
instrument from the case and
return it.
3. Wipe the instrument clean
with a soft cloth.

neck
fingerboard

strings

upper bout

4. Always remove the shoulder

rest before placing the
instrument back in the case.

bow
1. Your teacher will show you
how to remove the bow,
tighten the bow hair and
apply rosin.
2. Always loosen the bow hair
before putting the bow away.

G D A E

bridge

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supplies
rosin
soft cloth
shoulder rest
extra set of strings

c bout
f hole

soundpost
(inside)

lower bout

fine tuners

chin rest

Reproduction Prohibited

tailpiece

shoulder rest
(underneath)

bow hair
tip

stick

end button

winding

grip

frog

adjusting
screw

ferrule
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HOLDING THE INSTRUMENT

Your teacher will determine whether you will start in guitar position or shoulder position. Listen carefully as
your teacher explains the proper steps to hold the instrument correctly.

GUITAR POSITION

Place your case on the floor on the left side of your

chair. Make sure the curved side is facing up.

Carefully remove your instrument.

STEP 1

STEP

VIDEO

Hold the violin flat against your stomach with the

scroll to your left. The neck and scroll should be
at an angle similar to the illustration. Check the

position of your left hand (on the upper bout).

STEP 3

Move your right thumb over the strings while you

place your other fingers under the fingerboard.

STEP 4

Identify the strings. Moving from top to bottom, the

open strings are G (lowest pitch), D, A and E.

STEP 5

Pluck each string with your right thumb as instructed by

your teacher. Plucking is also called pizzicato (pizz.).

Shoulder POSITION

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VIDEO

A shoulder rest is essential when holding the instrument

in shoulder position. There are many types to choose from,
or your teacher may recommend a specific brand.

STEP 1

Place your case on the floor on the left side of your chair.
Make sure the curved side is facing up. Carefully remove
your instrument.

STEP 2

Statue of Liberty - Place your left hand on

the upper bout and support the bottom of your

violin with the right hand. Hold your instrument
directly in front of you with the scroll up.

STEP

down - Turn your scroll counterclockwise so

3 Upside
the scroll is facing down.

Statue of Liberty

upside down

Reproduction Prohibited

STEP 4

Flat to the ground - Lift the scroll so the instrument

is parallel to the ground at shoulder level.

STEP 5

Bring it in - Keeping the instrument parallel to the

ground, tuck the instrument under your jaw and on
top of your collarbone.

STEP 6

Identify the strings. Moving from your left to right,

the open strings are G (lowest pitch), D, A and E.

flat to the ground

Pluck each string with your right-hand 1st finger as

instructed by your teacher. Plucking is also called

pizzicato (pizz.).

STEP 7

bring it in
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An opus is a number used by composers and publishers who want to organize a group of musical compositions.
THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

BEAT

The beat is the pulse of the music. A rhythm is a pattern that fits within a steady beat.
BEAT
STREET

1.1 Beat
Box 1 While plucking your D string, focus on keeping a steady beat!
NE W ON THE

D D D D | | D D D D | |
DRAW

CLAP

ALT

NOTE! PODIUM

(rest!)

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

1.2 Beat Box 2 Practice keeping a steady beat while plucking your A string!

HEORY
(rest!)
A A A A | | A A A A | |

HISTORY

THEORY

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

THEORY

2
4

DRAW

PODIUM

RHYTHM

THEORY

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1 2 3

FINALBAR LINE

BARLINES

| D

measures

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HISTORY

MUSIC STAFF

NE W The
ONmusic
THE staff is where
ALT
NOTE! PODIUM
notes and rests are written.
It has 5 lines and 4 spaces.

1 2 3

13

1 2 3

CLAP

| A

ON THE
HISTORY
PODIUM
HEORY

THEORY

RHYTHM
BEAT
STREET

| A

1 2 3 4

PODIUM

1.3 Double Trouble! Practice playing on your D and A strings!

HM

BONUS
BOX

PODIUM

OPUS 1

HM

BONUS
BOX

HISTORY

THEORY

A final bar line indicates

the end of a piece.

Bar lines divide the

music staff into measures.

ON THE
PODIUM

NOTES ANDRESTS

HISTORY

= 1 beat of sound

A quarter note is one beat of sound.

A quarter rest is one beat of silence.

= 1 beat of silence

BEAT
STREET

BONUS
BOX

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

Reproduction Prohibited
DRAW

CLAP

ALT

1.4 D-Lightful Be sure to keep a steady beat, even during the rests!

pizzicato (pizz.) - pluck the string

1.5 Dare to D Remember to keep a steady beat for the entire piece!
pizz.

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HM

BONUS
BOX

THEORY

&

BEAT
STREET
DRAW

CLAP

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

&
E

LINES

ALT

TREBLE CLEF

&

A treble clef names notes on the staff.

The musical alphabet uses A, B, C, D, E, F, and G.
E
G

&

SPACES

TIMESIGNATURE

& The top number shows the number of beats in each measure.
The bottom number shows the type of note that receives one beat.
D

C
E
G
Number of beats in a measure
Type of note that gets one beat

44

1.6 A-Mazing
time signature
pizz.

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43

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HEORY
1.7 Two
For THREE Notice how the time signature tells you there are three beats in each measure.

THEORY

HM

BONUS
BOX

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

3
&4

pizz.

HISTORY

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

1.8 UPSNEAND
W ONDOWNS
THE

4
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NOTE! PODIUM

A repeat sign is a final bar line with two dots.

Without stopping, go back to the beginning
and play the music a second time.

pizz.

ALT

1.9 Count Rest-ula Count and sing this piece aloud before playing.

4
&4

Reproduction Prohibited

BEAT
STREET

DRAW

..

REPEATSIGN

CLAP

PODIUM

pizz.

..

..

repeat sign

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1

Hold your left hand in front of you,

looking at your palm. Space your
fingers as shown. Keep this spacing
when you move your left hand to the
fingerboard.

E
A
D
G

VIDEO

2 3

F# G

NOTESONTHEDSTRING

0 open string
1 1st finger
2 2nd finger
3 3rd finger
4 4th finger

When you move your left hand to the fingerboard, your teacher will help you be sure that:

HEORY

Your thumb is opposite your 1st finger

Your 1st finger and fingerboard form a square

There is space underneath the neck of the violin between
your thumb and first finger

G is playedPODIUM
with 3 fingers down
HISTORY

RY

THEORY

HEORY

HEORY

E is played with 1 finger down

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1.10 G WHIZ! Remember to keep three fingers down when playing G!

4
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THE
HISTORY
THEORYNE W ON
DRAW NOTE! PODIUM

The tip of your thumb is pointing toward the ceiling

Your fingers are curved over the string (creating a tunnel)
Your wrist is straight and relaxed

F is played with 2 fingers down

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

T
ET

RY

HISTORY

HM

THEORY

BEAT
STREET
CLAP

T
ET
DRAW

pizz.

3
PODIUM

ALT

PODIUM

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

ACCIDENTALS:SHARPANDNATURAL

ON THE are signs that alter a notes pitch. They are placed to the left of the note.
Accidentals
HISTORY A sharpPODIUM
sign raises the pitch of a note by a half-step. It remains raised for the rest of the measure.
A note without an accidental is called natural.

THEORY

BONUS
BOX

PREPARING THELEFTHAND

23

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

Reproduction Prohibited
4
& 4 # # # # # #
ALT

1.11 SHARPASATACK Keep both fingers down when playing F!

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

F
F-Sharp

still F #!

pizz.

ALT

1.12 TWOSTEPMARCH Keep your fingers over the string, even when they are not being used.

4
&4

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pizz.

#
2

DRAW

EORY

RAW

1.13 MEETE! Are your 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers over the D string?

T
ET

4
&4

pizz.

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ALT

1.14 RUNNINGDOWNHILL

3
&4

pizz.

#
2

1.15 DON'T TELLAUNTRHODY!

4
& 4 #
pizz.

1.16 AUCLAIREDELALUNE Notice the skip in measure 3. Put down your

HEORY

4
&4

pizz.

1st and 2nd fingers at the same time

..

American Folk Song

French Folk Song

..

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1.17 TUNNELING THROUGH When you see a bracket, keep your fingers down. The A string

4
&4

HISTORY

HISTORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

pizz.
PODIUM
3

ON THE
PODIUM

should tunnel under your fingers. If your A rings clearly while

your fingers stay on the D string, you have a clear tunnel!

#
2

MUSIC

Ludwig van Beethoven (17701827)

was a German composer and pianist.
He began to suffer hearing loss at an
early age, and by the time his Ninth
Symphony and its Ode to Joy were
performed, he was completely deaf!

SCIENCE

The same year Beethoven finished

his Ninth Symphony, William Buckland
wrote the first ever account of fossil
bones that had come from a giant reptile.
He named it Megalosaurus (great
lizard), which would later become
known as a dinosaur.

WORLD

Also in 1824, Louis Braille

had largely completed a
new 6-dot system to help
the blind and visually
impaired read and write.
Braille was only 15 years
old at the time!

Reproduction Prohibited
ALT

1.18 ODETOJOY Keep your fingers down when you see a bracket and strive for a clear tunnel!

4
& 4 #

Ludwig van Beethoven

# # #
& # # #
3

pizz.

continue to the next line

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NOTES ON THE A STRING

E
A
D
G

HEORY

D is played PODIUM
with 3 fingers down
HISTORY

RY

2 3

C# D

B is played with 1 finger down

C is played with 2 fingers down

HEORY

ON THE
THEORY
HISTORY
PODIUM
HISTORY
PODIUM
RY

T
ET

1.19 SAILINGTHEHIGH Ds Compare this line to 1.10 G Whiz! Do you notice any similarities?

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

THEORY

DRAW

4
&4

pizz.

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

HISTORY

RY

D PODIUM

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#
3

Pr
ALT

PODIUM

1.21 HIGHOCTANE Keep your fingers down on the A string when you see a bracket. Listen for a clear, ringing D string!

4
&4

pizz.

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

pizz.

ALT

English Folk Melody

1.23 GROOVIN' GRANDMA

4
&4

pizz.

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Reproduction Prohibited
4

&4

1.22 COLDCROSSBUNS

T
ET

HISTORY

3 ON THE
ALT

HEORY
1.20 DOWNANDUP

T
ET

4
&4

pizz.

# #
0

# #

Traditional American Melody

..

BOWWORKOUTNo. 1: PREPARING THE RIGHT HAND

VIDEO

Using a pencil, do the following:

1 FLOP - Hold the pencil in your left hand, parallel to the floor.

flop

Flop your right-hand fingers on the pencil.

AND CURVE - Park the pinky on the pencil. Make sure

2 itPARK
is curved.

park and curve

SMILE - Place your thumb behind the tallest finger. Your thumb

STIR - Rotate your pencil to the right so it is vertical. Check your

3 nail should rest against the pencil and the thumb joint is curved
like a smile.

thumb to be sure it is still curved. Flex fingers and thumb as though

you are stirring a small cup of soup.
smile

1.24 D MAJORMARCH

4
&4

pizz.

4
&4

pizz.

1.26 MARY HAD A LITTLE LAMB

prepare your fingers

for the D string!

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1.25 ON THE WAY UP

stir

prepare your fingers

for the A string!

Traditional

& 4 # Reproduction
#

Prohibited

pizz.

& #

1.27 TRAMPOLINE!

4
&4

pizz.

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10

Follow the steps in Bow Workout No. 1

(flop, park and curve, smile, stir).

Keep your bow hand relaxed and your

thumb curved.

Point your left index finger at the crease

of your right elbow.

Open and close the hinge of your elbow.

Keep your right shoulder as still and
relaxed as possible.

open and close

point

1.28 BREAKINGITDOWN

3
&4

& #
HEORY

RHYTHM

HISTORY

THEORY

13

24

THEORY
RHYTHM

PODIUM

HISTORY

THEORY

CLAP

DRAW

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PODIUM

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

BEAT
STREET

BONUS
BOX

pizz.

HEORY

HM

BONUS
BOX

BOWWORKOUTNo. 2: MOVING FROM THE ELBOW

VIDEO

ALT

HISTORY

ON THE
PODIUM

Major Scale

A major scale has eight notes going up or down in consecutive order. Your D Major Scale includes
all the notes you have learned in Opus 1. Notice that the top and bottom notes of the scale are both D.
BEAT
STREET
CLAP

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

Reproduction Prohibited

1.29 D MAJOR SCALE

4
&4

ALT

# #
&

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pizz.

11

OPUS 1 ENCORE
INTERPRETATION STATION
Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. Describe the music and how it makes you feel.
Why does it make you feel that way?

SIMON SEZ
Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. You will hear a series of four-note patterns. Listen to the patterns and
echo them back. Hint: the first pattern starts on your open D string!

COMPOSER'S CORNER

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Add these symbols to your piece!

A composer is someone who creates original music. It is your turn to be a composer!

Begin by adding the treble clef, time signature, and final barline in the music. Then you
can complete the piece using notes you already know. Guide rhythms have been provided for you.

Title:_____________________________________________________________________ Composer:____________________________

Pencil
Power

&

Note Name: ___

CURTAIN UP!

___

___

___

___

___

___

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___

___

___

___

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Review the following notes. Write in each note name below and add the fingering above.
Fingering: ___

___

___

___

___

Time to perform! The following music showcases what you have learned in Opus 1.

1.30 Strollin' in the sand Remember to keep your fingers down when possible.

4
&4

Prohibited
Reproduction

# #

&

pizz.

#
2

bow-nus!

Demonstrate a great bow hold with a pencil. Open and close your elbow to the following rhythm.

44

1.31 EL-BOW!

open close open close

open close

open close

open close open

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12

OPUS 2
VIDEO

BOW WORKOUT No. 3: BOW HOLD

Begin by using the early bow hold (your hand will be at

the balance point of the bow).

Point the tip of the bow in

the air with only your right
hand. Flex your fingers (stir!).

Your teacher will show you how much to tighten the bow
by turning the adjusting screw clockwise.
Hold the bow with both hands making sure the bow hair
is facing the floor and the frog of the bow is to your right.

While supporting the bow in your left hand, form a good

bow hold with your right hand. Remember: flop, park
and curve, smile!

stir!

Your teacher will determine

the ideal time for you to move
to a regular bow hold.

6
flop, park and curve, smile!

VIDEO

BOW WORKOUT No. 4: Rosin Bowing

Using your left hand, hold your rosin near your left shoulder with the
rosin cake facing away from you.

Place the bow on the rosin.

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Moving from the elbow (like you did when you pointed at the crease),
practice moving the bow up and down.

Remember to keep your right shoulder as still and relaxed as possible.

Open and close from the hinge of your elbow.

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2.1 BOW BEAT No. 1

44

= up bow An up bow symbol looks

like the tip of the bow.
Lead with the tip and
close from the elbow.

= down bow A down bow symbol looks

like the frog of the bow.

Lead with the frog and

open from the elbow.

Rosin bow, making sure you are moving from the elbow, not the shoulder.

2.2 BOW BEAT No. 2

34
1

check your

bow

hold

shoul - der

stays down

Rosin bow. Is your right shoulder still and relaxed while you are bowing?

Prohibited

Reproduction

VIDEO

FROM ROSIN TO STRING!

Place the bow on your D string

between the end of the fingerboard
and the bridge.

Your bow should be parallel to the

bridge. Keep your right shoulder down
and relaxed.

early bow hold

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regular bow hold

13

2.3 BEST IN BOW Use an award-winning bow hold and keep the bow parallel to the bridge!

4
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check your

bow

hold

shoul - der

2.4 ON THE HORIZON Notice that the time signature tells you there are three beats in each measure.

3
&4

2.5 ANEWANGLE Make sure you are moving from the elbow, not the shoulder.

4
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2.6 WALTZOFTHEBOWS

3
&4

VIDEO

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stays down

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ARM LEVELS

The level of your arm changes when you bow different strings.
Move your arm down to play higher strings.
Move your arm up to play lower strings.

2.7 CROSSTRAINING

4


& 4 Reproduction

Prohibited
lower your

arm down

raise your

2.8 SWITCHHITTER Your up bows should sound the same as your down bows!

3
&4

2.9 POGO STICK

(raise!)

4
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(lower!)

arm

up

..

..

..
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14

LEFT HAND MEETS RIGHT HAND

You are now ready to combine bowing technique with left-hand fingering!
As you get started, do the following for each exercise:
1. Play pizzicato
2. Rosin bow

3. Bow the rhythm on your open D string

4. Put everything together and play as written!

2.10 LEFT BRAIN, RIGHT BRAIN

4
&4

check your

bow

4
& 4 #

2.12 THIRD WHEEL

move from

hold

4
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3
& 4 #

4
&4

2.14 WALKING DOWNSTAIRS

..

..

el - bow

stays down

move from

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2.13 THREE FOR THREE Count and clap before you play.

el - bow

2.11 DOWN AND UP

..

2.15 RUNNING UP AND DOWN

Prohibited


Reproduction


4
&4
#
#

2.16 RUSTIC DANCE

4
& 4 #

&
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&4

2.18 DJVU

# 2

4
&4

HEORY

check your

bow

hold

move from

shoul - der

el - bow

..

..

stays down

move from

el - bow

2.19 DOWN THE SCALE Say the fingerings for measures 3 and 4 before you play.
THEORY

HM

BONUS
BOX

15

2.17 MOVING UP

4
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THEORY

PODIUM

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

KEY SIGNATURE

The key signature indicates which notes to play sharp or flat. It appears at the beginning of each staff.
Your key signature in 2.20, D Major General, tells you that all Fs and Cs should be played as F-sharps and C-sharps.
While you already know F and C, you will no longer see a sharp sign in front of them.

BEAT
STREET
CLAP

HISTORY

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

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This is the key of D Major.

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ALT

&

##

2.20 D MAJOR GENERAL

key signature

## 4

& 4
&

# #

Reproduction

Prohibited

2.21 SCALING THE WALL When bowings are not marked, continue to alternate down and up bows.

&

## 4

2.22 RAPPELLING DOWN

&

# # 4

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16

sign w
w
4 &sign4 . repeat
& repeat
..
.w
w

w w

1 2 3 1 4 2 31 42 31 4 2 31 42 31 42 31 42 31 4 2 31 42 31 4 2 31 42

31 42

3 1 42

31 42

31 42 31

RETAKE (BOW LIFT)

A retake (bow lift) indicates to lift the bow, circle back to the
starting position and set the bow back on the string.

fermata fermata

U
4
4

. playing
adownbow, liftthe bow,

2.23 ROCKIN' &
ROSIN
After
4 &RETAKE
4 . Rosin
w
bow.

circle
back
to
the
frog,
and
set
the
bow
on
the
rosin.
retake . 1 2 13. 24 3 4
,
,
1 2 13 , 24 3 4
44



(lift, circle,

set)

44 & 44
&
the retake. - lift, circle, set! .
during

. ,.

,
## 4

& 4

(lift!)

2.24 RE-TAKE 2 Play this exercise on your instrument. Remember to execute the same bow motion

(lift, circle, set)

44 & 44
&

& # # 4 , ,
11 22 3 4 1 2 3 4
1 2 1 42 13 2 4
1 2&

2.25 GIVE AND RETAKE

HEORY

(lift!)

2&
4

## 4

RHYTHM

w w

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&, 44 & 44 , ,
4 .. .. ..
HISTORY

THEORY

13

2.26 WALKING HORSES How many skips are in this piece?

RHYTHM

repeat sign
rep

PODIUM

e
i
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P
HISTORY
HALF
NOTES

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

BONUS
BOX

CLAP

DRAW

=
& &

Half Rest
2 beats of silence
(sits on a line)

1 2 3 4

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

HALF RESTS

slow bow slow bow

Half Note
2BEAT
beats of sound
STREET
Use a slow bow!

French Folk Song

1 2

1 21 2

1 21 2

31 42

3 14 2 3

ALT

2.27 BOWBEAT Rosin bow the rhythm. Be sure to keep your shoulders low and open from the elbow.

bow

slow

44

Use a slow bow on half notes!

slow bow

## 4
& 4
1

2.29 SLEEPING BABY

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bow

slow

slow

bow

Prohibited

Reproduction

2.28 HALFTIME

&

bow

slow

## 4

4
1

French Folk Song

..

HM

BONUS
BOX

THEORY

17

FIRSTANDSECONDENDINGS

At the first ending, play through to the repeat sign. Go back to the beginning or the
previous repeat sign and play again. Now skip the first ending play the second ending instead.
BEAT
STREET
NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

CLAP

&

&
&

## 4

&

HEORY

THEORY

&

1.

# #

HISTORY

THEORY

w
e
vi

e
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P

1.

PODIUM

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

James Pierpont

..

2.

..

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2.

2.

..

##
## 3

second time

2.31 CIRCUS CLOWN

1.

ALT

2.30 JINGLEBELLS

HM

BONUS
BOX

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

DUET

A duet has two different parts performed simultaneously by two individuals or groups.

Reproduction Prohibited

BEAT
STREET
CLAP

NE W ON THE
2.32
ONE - Duet ALT
Practice playing both parts of this duet.
DRAWTWO
NOTE! FOR
PODIUM

&

## 4

&

## 4

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18 THEORY

HM

RAW

TEMPO MARKINGS

Tempo is the speed of the beat. Music can move at different rates of speed.
Andante - a slow, walking tempo

BEAT
STREET

BONUS
BOX

EORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

CLAP

NE W

ON THE

DRAW NOTE! PODIUM

2.33
EPIC - Duet

&
&

Allegro - a fast tempo

ALT

Allegro

Moderato - a medium tempo

## 3

## 3

1.

2.

..

..

2.34 HOP AROUND When changing from E to B, your first finger should lift completely off the D string

&

## 4

and hop over to the A string.

pizz.
1

(prepare)

(prepare)

hop!

hop!

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2.35 CHANT Remember to hop between each E and B in measures 1 and 2!

Andante

HEORY

&

HISTORY

&

## 4

PODIUM

##

HISTORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

e
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ON THE
PODIUM

MUSIC

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

(18401893) was a Russian
composer whose famous works
include the 1812 Overture and
The Nutcracker. Ironically, The
Nutcracker was not originally a
ALT
success, and it was only later that
it became one of his most famous compositions.

SCIENCE

In 1893, African-American surgeon

Daniel Hale Williams performed
one of the first successful open
heart surgeries. Later that year, the
Johns Hopkins Medical School
opened in Baltimore, Maryland.

WORLD

Thomas Edison completed

construction of the worlds first
motion picture studio in West
Orange, New Jersey. In Germany,
Karl Friedrich Benz received
a patent for a gas-powered
automobile and eventually founded
Mercedes-Benz.

Reproduction Prohibited

2.36 OVERTURETOTHENUTCRACKER

# # 4 ,
& 4

1 1

Moderato

# #

&
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(hop!)

1.

Pyotr I. Tchaikovsky

..

2.

19

OPUS 2 ENCORE
INTERPRETATION STATION
Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. You will hear two performances of the same piece.
Which one is better and why?

SIMON SEZ
Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. You will hear a series of four-note patterns. Listen to the patterns and
echo them back. Hint: the first pattern starts on your open D string!

COMPOSER'S CORNER
Use the notes and rhythms you have learned to complete the composition. When you are finished, add your own bowings!

Title:_____________________________________________________________________ Composer:____________________________

&

# # 4

Pencil Power
Match the following terms with their definitions.
1. _____ Retake

5. _____ Arco

2. _____ Allegro

6. _____ Pizzicato

3. _____ Andante

7. _____ Moderato

8. _____ Accidental

CURTAIN UP!
2.37 TRIFECTA

&

## 3
# #

bow-nus!

B. Pluck the string

C. A sign placed to the left of a note

that alters its pitch

F. An indication to lift the bow

and circle back to the starting
position

D. A piece with two different parts

performed simultaneously

H. Bow the string

Moderato

E. A fast tempo

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4. _____ Duet

&

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A. A medium tempo

G. A slow, walking tempo

Prohibited

Reproduction

2.38 WELCOME THE HEROES There are times when you need to do a retake without a rest present. Work on playing as

## 3 ,
& 4
&

##

full a quarter note as possible, then do a small lift / circle before your next down bow.

Andante

,
1.

2.

..

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RHYTHM

THEORY

20

PODIUM

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

CURTAIN UP!

BEAT
STREET
BONUS
BOX

HM

BONUS
BOX

HISTORY

THEORY

CLAP

DRAW

THEORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ALT

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

ROUND

In a round, each musician or group plays the same part, but enters at a different time.
BEAT
STREET
CLAP

1 reaches
2.39 D MAJOR
SCALE - Round As a group
NE W ON THE
DRAW

&

NOTE! PODIUM

1
## 4

ALT

2 , the next group should begin playing at 1

(from Liebst du um Schonheit)

## 4
& 4

Andante

&

## 4

&

# #

&

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2.41 DEFENDERS OF EARTH - Orchestra Arrangement

Allegro

B
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&
&

## 3

## 3

Clara Schumann
arr. Carrie Lane Gruselle

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##

2.40 LOVE THE SUN - Orchestra Arrangement

..
..

Brian Balmages

Reproduction Prohibited

##
&

&

##

1.

..
2.

..

21

2.42 ALL THE WOODS ARE WAKING - Round

American Folk Song

1 Moderato

&

## 4

&

# #

2.43 HOLIDAYS UNITED! - Orchestra Arrangement

Moderato

&

# # 4

&

## 4

&

##

&

##

Joy to the World

1.

&

# # 4

&

##

&

&

Dreidel Song

2.

American Folk Song

arr. Carrie Lane Gruselle

..

Reproduction Prohibited

## 4

##

arr. Brian Balmages

2.44 DOWN ON THE FARM - Orchestra Arrangement

Allegro

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rehearsal number

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RHYTHM

HISTORY

THEORY

13

22 4

RHYTHM

THEORY

PODIUM

j OPUS
j j j3

1 THE+
ON
PODIUM

HISTORY

Eighth Note = half beat of sound

1
+
2
+
BEAT
STREET
BONUS
BOX

CLAP

NE W

44
1

+ 2

3 +

4 +

+ 2

3.2 EIGHTH NOTE CHA-CHA-CHA

&

## 4

EIGHTH NOTES

3 +

4 +

+ 2

j j j j
j
+j j
+j
1
2
1

1 + 2 +
+

3 +

4 +

j
j

2 +

4 +

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +

Beamed Eighth Notes

ALT

j j j j

ON THE

DRAW Eighth
NOTE! Notes
PODIUM
Flagged

3.1 BOW BEAT

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1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +

3.3 ENTRY OF THE NOBLES Count and clap this piece before you play.
Moderato

&

## 4

e
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4
HEORY

# #
13
4 &

RHYTHM

THEORY

RHYTHM

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

BEAM GROUPS

j j j j
=

Reproduction Prohibited

44
+

j j j j j=

3.4BONUS
BOW
BEATDRAW
CLAP
BOX

+ 2

PODIUM

THEORY

BEAT
STREET

HISTORY

3 +

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

4 +

+ 2

ALT

3 +

4 +

+ 2

3 +

4 +

2 +

4 +

3.5 PIZZA ON THE RIVER!

&
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## 4

Pep-pe - ro - ni piz - za

1.

2.

..

float-ing down the

Mis-sis - sip - pi Ri - ver!

Do you see the

None for me!

HM

BONUS
BOX

24
RHYTHM

THEORY

Time SIGNATURE

24 2 beats in each measure

Quarter note gets one beat

BEAT
STREET
BONUS
BOX

3.6 BOW BEAT Rosin bow.

24

HEORY

1 HEORY
+ 2 +

RHYTHM

13

24

2
1

ALT

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

23

It is your turn to conduct!

Using your right hand, follow
2
the diagram to conduct in 4 time.

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

CLAP

conducting in 4 Time

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

3.7 FIDDLE STICKS

HISTORY

THEORY

THEORY
RHYTHM

PODIUM

Allegro

## 2
& 4
HISTORY

THEORY

BEAT
STREET

BONUS
BOX

CLAP

DRAW

THEORY

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

PODIUM

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

1 + 2 +

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ALT

HISTORY

ON THE
PODIUM

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

1 + 2 +

THEME AND VARIATIONS

Composers create a variation when they change a melody in some way. While you will hear
the differences in each variation, you will still be able to recognize the original theme.

y
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BEAT
STREET

NE W
ON THE
3.8
BOIL
THEM
CABBAGE DOWN
Bow-nus! Bowing two strings at the same time
DRAW NOTE! PODIUM
CLAP
ALT

e
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Allegro

&

## 2

is called a double stop. With your finger tunnels in place,

play this exercise while also playing your open A string!

After playing 3.8, go back and play 3.7 Fiddle Sticks while also playing your E string!

American Folk Song

..

3.9 THREE CABBAGES (Variation 1) Bow-nus! Play double stops on the D and A strings!
Andante

&

## 3

&

##

Reproduction Prohibited

3.10 CABBAGES GALORE! (Variation 2) Bow-nus! Play double stops!

Moderato

&

## 4

&

##

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24

LEFT-HAND PIZZICATO

Be sure to keep your wrist straight

and your left elbow under the violin.

Play pizzicato with your left-hand 4th finger

3.11 4th FINGER MARCH Make sure you do not collapse the wrist as you play 4th-finger pizzicato.

&

Is your left elbow under the violin?

## 4

&
&

##

Using 4th-finger A on the D string allows for

smoother technique and a richer sound in appropriate
places. You can check your intonation (being in tune)
by comparing it to your open A. Keep your wrist
straight and your left elbow under the violin.

Notice the space between

3rd and 4th fingers!

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E
A
D
G

4th-FINGER A (ON THE D STRING)

VIDEO

3.12 LITTLE FINGER WALTZ

## 3

2 3

F# G

3.13 TWO-WAY A Keep your fingers down while going to the A string. Is your 4th finger A in tune with your open A?

&

## 4

HISTORY

THEORY

Andante

## 4

13

HEORY

3.14 HURON CAROL

RHYTHM

THEORY

CommonHISTORY
Time

ON THE
PODIUM

conducting in 4 Time

BONUS
BOX

CLAP

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

##

4
3

ALT

3.15 FIDDLIN' 4th FINGER

Allegro

..

It is your turn to conduct!

Using your right hand, follow
4
the diagram to conduct in 4 time.

BEAT
STREET

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French-Canadian Hymn

The common time symbol

4
means the same thing as 4 time.

&

Reproduction
Prohibited
c

RHYTHM

&

PODIUM

24 & 4

##

..

HM

HISTORY

E
A
D
G
ON THE

BEAT
STREET

NE W
PODIUM
DRAW NOTE! PODIUM
CLAP HISTORY

2 3

ALT

B C
A
A is played with 1 finger down

HEORY

Ledger lines extend the staff.

Notes written above or below the
staff appear with ledger lines.

25

LEDGER LINES

(Keep your wrist straight and relaxed)

HEORY

BONUS
RY
BOX

ON THE

PODIUM
NOTES ON
THE G STRING

THEORY

C is played with 3 fingers down

B is played with 2 fingers down

ON THE
THEORY HISTORY
HISTORYPODIUM PODIUM
RY

T
ET

3.16 G FOR ME

THEORY

ON THE
0PODIUM

## c
&

NE W HISTORY
ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

ALT

y
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3.17 DARK WATERS Keep your first finger down where indicated!

T
ET

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

ALT

e
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3.18 FRre jacques - Round

HEORY
1 Moderato

## 2
HEORY

RHYTHM

&

13

THEORY
RHYTHM

##

&

BEAT
STREET
CLAP

DRAW

THEORY

PODIUM

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ALT

ON THE

French Folk Song

PODIUM
D.C.
AL FINE

NE W ON THE
3.19
CAROL
DRAWFRENCH
NOTE! PODIUM

Moderato

&

## 4

&

##

DOUBLE BAR LINE

A double bar line indicates the end of

one section and the beginning of another.

Traditional

ALT

Reproduction Prohibited

HISTORY

D.C. is an abbreviation for da capo, an Italian term that

refers to the beginning. At the D.C. al Fine, return to
the beginning and play again until the Fine (the end).

BEAT
STREET
CLAP

PODIUM

HISTORY

THEORY

BONUS
BOX

HISTORY

THEORY

HM

BONUS
BOX

&

# # 4 1

Fine

(hop!)

D.C. al Fine

SB307VN

EORY

RAW

24
26

RHYTHM

conducting in 4 Time

ON THE

THEORY

HISTORY
THE
RULE OF PODIUM
THE DOT

3
Practice conducting in 4 time!

Adding a dot after a note increases the length of the note by half its value.
When adding a dot to a half note, it becomes a dotted half note. Use a
slower bow (even slower than a half note!).
BEAT
STREET

+. . = . .

BONUS
BOX

CLAP

slo - wer

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

34
1

HEORY

slo

3.21 GETTING A HANDLE ON IT!

&

HISTORY

## 3

4
1

wer

bow

slow

bow

MUSIC

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

PODIUM

ALT

2 beats + 1 beat = 3 beats

3.20 BOW BEAT Rosin bow.

bow

wer

.
1

y
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Sir Isaac Newton, English physicist

and mathematician, proposed the laws
of motion and universal gravitation.
He demonstrated that the motion
of objects on Earth and in space
could be described by the same
principles. He became known as
one of the greatest scientists of
all time.

w
e
i
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re

SCIENCE

George F. Handel (16851759) was

a German-born composer who composed
operas, oratorios, orchestral works and
more. Music for the Royal Fireworks
was written when George II of Great
Britain hired him to compose music to
ALT
accompany fireworks in London to
commemorate the signing of the Treaty
of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1749.

&
&
&

## 3
##
##

George F. Handel

Reproduction Prohibited

WORLD

before you begin.

Maestoso (majestically)

The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

ended the War of the Austrian
Succession. The war involved
most of the major powers in
Europe and centered around
the House of Habsburg, whose
head was often elected as
emperor of the Holy Roman
Empire.

3.22 MUSIC FOR THE ROYAL FIREWORKS Prepare the 1st finger on the G string

bow

slo

3.23 TUNING ETUDE Are all your Gs in tune? How about 4th finger A?

&
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## 4

HM

THEORY

27

UPBEATS

Upbeats (pick-up notes) lead into the first full measure of a phrase. When upbeats are used
to begin a piece, their combined rhythmic value is often subtracted from the last measure.
BEAT
STREET

BONUS
BOX

CLAP

3.24 DRY
NE WBONES
ON THE An upbeat is often played with an up bow!
DRAW

&

NOTE! PODIUM

Moderato

## 4

HEORY

upbeat

##
HISTORY
&

RY

ALT

PODIUM

E
A
D
G

ON THE
B is played with 2 fingers
on the G string.
HISTORY
PODIUM

THEORY

B
NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

&

# # 4 2

ALT

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beat 4 is at the beginning!

2 3

B C

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3.25 B-WARE
DRAW

..
.

Spiritual

New Note: B

T
ET

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

3.26 RAIN, RAIN, GO AWAY Make a tunnel over the D string with your 2nd finger only.

&

## 4

Traditional

This will prepare you for the next piece!

3.27 VOLGA BOATMEN Put your 2nd finger on the G string.

Andante

&

## 4

Russian Folk Song

Prepare for your 1st finger on the D string.

Reproduction

Prohibited

3.28 CHICKEN ON THE FENCE POST

Allegro

&

## 4

&

##

American Folk Song

4

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28

New Note: C

THEORY

T
ET

E
A
D
G

ON THE
C is played with 3 fingers
on the G string.
HISTORY
PODIUM

2 3

B C

3.29 DOWNS AND UPS

DRAW

4
&4

ALT

HEORY

3.30 JUST ABOUT THERE...

4
&4

THEORY

THM

BONUS
BOX

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

HISTORY

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

NE W

ON THE

#4

3.32 GALOP

Allegro

#2

& 4

1.

This key signature indicates that all

Fs should be played as F-sharps.

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ALT

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new key signature

& 4

&

BEAT
STREET
DRAW NOTE! PODIUM
3.31
G MAJOR SCALE

NEW KEY SIGNATURE

This is the key of G Major.

CLAP

PODIUM

2.

..

Reproduction Prohibited
4th-FINGER D (ON THE G STRING)

Use 4th-finger D for smoother technique and a richer sound in appropriate places.
You can check your intonation by comparing it to your open D.

3.33 LITTLE DUCKLINGS Intonation check! Are your Ds in measure 2 in tune?

Moderato

#4

& 4
&
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German Folk Song

.
.

24

RHYTHM

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

TIE

A tie is a curved line that connects notes of the same

pitch. These notes are bowed together and played to
sound like oneHEORY
longer note.

BEAT
STREET

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

BONUS

3.34BOX
GIVECLAP
IT ADRAW
TIE

RHYTHM

13

## 4

HISTORY

THEORY

&

RHYTHM

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

SLUR

VIDEO

BEAT
STREET

NE W

BONUS

&

## 4

&

&

&

3.40 A BOW A BEAT

## 4

Adaptation

English Folk Song

Reproduction

Prohibited

## 4
& 4

29

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3.39 SLURS 'N' SCALES

&

3.38 THREE GLIDING MICE

## 4

3.37 THREE TIED MICE

## 4

ALT

3.36 SMOOTH WATERS

## 4

ON THE
PODIUM

44

A slur is a curved line that connects notes of different pitches.

Slurred notes are played using a single bow.

DRAW NOTE!
CLAP SHARK
3.35BOX
HAPPY

44

1
2
3
4

ALT

PODIUM

44

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EORY

RAW

30

3.41 ODE TO JOY

Ludwig van Beethoven

Maestoso

&
&
HEORY

&

HISTORY

&

## 4

##

##

##

MUSIC

Charles Darwin published his theory

of evolution and described natural
selection as a key mechanism.
The Wright Brothers became
famous when they built and flew
an airplane using a control system
they developed to help steer and
maintain equilibrium.

WORLD

In Canada, Banff National

Park was established and
became Canadas first national
park. Things in the United
States began to cool down
when engineer Willis Carrier
invented modern air
conditioning!

y
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3.42 THEME FROM SYMPHONY No. 1 - Round Keep your 1st and 2nd fingers down on their

1 Andante

#4

& 4
&

&
&
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#
#

keep fingers down!

Gustav Mahler

Reproduction Prohibited

Moderato

& 4

respective strings in the last two measures!

3.43 CHESTER

#4

SCIENCE

Austrian composer Gustav Mahler

(18601911) is best known for his
large symphonies. He spent time in
New York conducting both the
Metropolitan Opera and the New
York Philharmonic. Ironically, his
ALT
first symphony was not well
received, and only became popular later.

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

PODIUM

William Billings

31

OPUS 3 ENCORE
INTERPRETATION STATION
Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. You will hear four musical examples, all composed using a different time signature.
As you listen, pay close attention to how rhythmic ideas are grouped. Circle the correct time signature for each example.

2424 3434 2424 44443. 3434 24 4444 34 4. 2444 34

2424 1. 34 34 4444

2.

SIMON SEZ

44

Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. You will hear a well-known song. Listen first, sing it, then find the pitches on your
instrument. You can then play along with the accompaniment track that follows!

COMPOSER'S CORNER
In this Opus, you learned about theme and variations. Take the following well-known melody and create your own variation.

VARIATION ON TWINKLE, TWINKLE, LITTLE STAR

&
&

Pencil Power

= _____
_____
. - = _____
_____

Variation

##

## 4

Name: ______________________________________

= _____

= _____
_____

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. - = _____

- - j = _____
_____

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Solve the following music math problems by notating the correct note value.

1. 3.
5.
_____
_____
_____

. - =

- - j =

2. 4. 6.
_____
_____
_____

=. _____.

CURTAIN UP!
= _____
_____
.. ( ..
3.44 THE MOREEN When you see enclosed repeat signs

French Melody

= _____
_____
= _____
_____

. the music between

), repeat
Irish Air

the
signs
(do
not
go
back
to
the
very
beginning!).
- - j = _____
Moderato
= _____
_____
2.
4 1.

## 4 .

.
& 4 . = _____

_____
.

Reproduction
= _____
_____
bow-nus!

Prohibited

3.45 SERENADE FOR STRINGS Practice slurring three notes in one bow!
Andante

#3
& 4 .
&

Pyotr I. Tchaikovsky

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32

CURTAIN UP!
3.46 FANTASTIC FIDDLES - Orchestra Arrangement

Brian Balmages

Allegro

#4

& 4
#4

& 4
&
&

# # 41

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B
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#3
& 4

..

..

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With your bow, stress the first beat of each measure to achieve the proper style.

Andante

3.48 PRELUDIUM (After J.S. Bach) - Orchestra Arrangement

##
&

Moderato

3.47 DO YOU HEAR? - Round

&

French Folk Song

Brian Balmages

1.

Reproduction Prohibited

#3

& 4

&
&

#
#

2.

#
.
.

..

THEORY

33

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

STACCATO

VIDEO

Staccato: Play short and separated by stopping the bow between notes.

. .

BEAT
STREET
DRAW

CLAP

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ALT

4.1 SHORT AND SWEET

&

## 4

4
. .

. .

. . .

. .

4.2 DUELING CUCKOOS - Duet

Moderato

## 4 4
& 4 . .

. .

HEORY

## 4
& 4
HISTORY

THEORY

THM

BONUS
BOX

PODIUM

OPUS 4

THM

BONUS
BOX

HISTORY

THEORY

THEORY

. .

PODIUM

. .

ON THE
PODIUM

.
.. . .

1.

2.

. .

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HISTORY

. . .. . . .
4

DYNAMICS

Dynamics indicate how loudly or softly to play. Italian terms are often used in music to indicate volume.
BEAT
STREET
CLAP

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

p (piano) play softly

ALT

4.3 ECHO ETUDE

#4

f (forte) play loudly

& 4
.
f

.
p

. .
f

. .
p

Reproduction Prohibited

..

4.4 SPOOKY GHOSTS AND GOBLINS

Misterioso (mysteriously)

#4

& 4 .
&

.
.

# . .

. . . .

. .

.
.
f

Boo!

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EORY

RAW

. .

34

HOOKED BOWING

VIDEO

Play both notes in the same bow direction, stopping the bow between each note.

. .
4.5 HOOK 'EM!

## 4
& 4
. .

. .

.
4

. . . .
. .
p

. . . . . .

4.6 ALLEGRETTO FROM SYMPHONY No. 7 - Duet

Ludwig van Beethoven

Allegretto (a tempo between moderato and allegro)

HEORY

& 4
p

& 4

#4
#4

&

HISTORY

HISTORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ON THE
PODIUM

MUSIC

SCIENCE

Austrian composer Wolfgang

Amadeus Mozart (1756 1791)
was a child prodigy and composed
his first minuet when he was just
five years old! In his short 35-year
life, he wrote over 600 musical
ALT
compositions that are still
performed today.

French chemist Antoine

Lavoisier recognized and
named oxygen. He also wrote
the first extensive list of
elements and helped develop
the metric system. He is widely
considered to be the Father of
Modern Chemistry.

WORLD

The thirteen American Colonies

issued the Declaration of
Independence, a statement that
justified the American Revolutionary
War against Great Britain. The
document was approved on July 2nd,
but not formally adopted until July
4th, which became Independence Day.

Reproduction Prohibited

4.7 THEME FROM SONATA No. 11

Andante

&

## 3

&

##

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PODIUM

&

4
p

4
. .

. .

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

. .

. .

. .

4.8 CRISSCROSS APPLESAUCE

0
.

## 4
& 4
.
&

## 4

4.10 UP, UP, AWAY

## 4
& 4

4.9 SMOOTH RIDE

&
&

##

y
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&

4
p

Reproduction Prohibited

4.13 A LITTLE HERE, A LITTLE THERE Have your 2nd finger hover over the C in measure 4.

## 4

0
.

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4.12 SEESAW MUSIC

## 4

## 4
& 4

4.11 BOW-DESTRIAN CROSSING

35

4.14 HUSH, LITTLE BABY Have your 2nd finger hover over the C in measure 1.
Dolce (sweetly)

## 4
& 4
p

Traditional

..
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36

3 4

LOW 2nd finger

VIDEO

Shape your hand as shown in the illustration. Notice that your 1st and 2nd
fingers are now touching, and there is space between your 2nd and 3rd fingers.
Keep this spacing when you move your hand to the fingerboard.

C Natural

HEORY

C is played with low 2

(low 2nd finger) on the A string

HISTORY

RY

E
A
D
G

PODIUM

n
(#) (n)

THEORY

HISTORY

B C

A courtesy accidental reminds you of a sharp, flat, or natural that already applies to a note.

# # 4 nL2
& 4

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

1 2

ON THE
Accidentals
PODIUM
A natural sign cancels a sharp or flat. It remains cancelled for the rest of the measure.

y
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4.15 LOW AND STEADY

DRAW

Notice the space between

2nd and 3rd fingers.

The fingering for D

with a low 2nd finger

T
ET

12

ALT

e
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f

n .

L2

4.16 LOWS AND HIGHS High 2 (H2) reminds you that C is played with high 2nd finger.
L2
## 4
n

& 4

H2
a

courtesy accidental

4.17 DANSE HUMORESQUE Are your octave Ds in tune? Make sure there is space between your 2nd and 3rd fingers.
Allegro

#4
& 4
p

L2

Reproduction
Prohibited

L2

L2

4.18 SHAPE SHIFTER This piece uses two different finger patterns (hand shapes).

Isolate each pattern before playing them together.

#4
& 4
&

SB307VN

L2 finger pattern

L2 finger pattern

H2 finger pattern

H2 finger pattern

..

L2
#4

& 4

1.

2.

..

H2

H2

4.20 YANKEE DOODLE

Moderato

#4

& 4
&

L2

Maestoso

# 4 L2
& 4
# L2
&

H2

L2

H2

Tielman Susato

H2

y
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P

HEORY

American Folk Song

4.21 LA MORISQUE

..

4.22 LOS POLLITOS

Allegro

#2

HISTORY

THEORY

PODIUM

& 4
f

HM

BONUS
BOX

37

4.19 DOODLE PRELUDE

THEORY

HISTORY

L2

ON THE
PODIUM

Mexican Folk Song

..

H2

Intervals

Reproduction Prohibited
An interval is the distance between two pitches. You can figure out the interval by counting
each line and space between notes (include the first and last note). A half step is the smallest
distance between two pitches. A whole step is the combination of two half steps.

BEAT
STREET
CLAP

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ALT

4.23 ONE SMALL STEP...

&

# # 4

&

##

2nd (half step)

6th

H2

L2

2nd (whole step)

7th

3rd

octave

L2

4th

5th

Are your octave Ds in tune?

SB307VN

HISTORY

RY

38

New Note: F Natural

E
A
D
G

F is played with low 2

(low 2nd finger) on the D string.
ON THE
HISTORY
PODIUM

THEORY

T
ET

PODIUM

1 2

E F

4.24 IT'S ONLY NATURAL

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

#4

ALT L2

& 4

y
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n

4.25 SNAKE CHANT This piece has two upbeats.

Misterioso

#4

& 4

L2

L2

still F natural

4.26 SLIDER Slide your 2nd finger to move between L2 and H2.

#4

& 4

L2

H2

H2

e
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P

L2

H2

4.27 LOW-HIGH GALOP

Allegro

&

## 2

&

##

L2

a
H2
a

L2

L2

H2

L2

H2

Reproduction Prohibited

4.28 DIES IRAE

Pesante (heavily)

#4

L2

& 4 n
#
& n
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attr. Thomas of Celano

HM

BONUS
BOX

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

NEW KEY SIGNATURE

&

This is the key of C Major.

BEAT
STREET
CLAP

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

39

This key signature indicates all notes

are played natural (no sharps or flats).

ALT

4.29 SHEPHERD'S HEY Is your octave in tune in measure 7?

key signature (no sharps or flats!)
L2

2
&4

4.30 C MAJOR SCALE

4
&4

L2

.
.
f

English Folk Song

L2

, .
.

L2

4.31 COUNTRY GARDENS

Allegro

English Folk Song

4
&4

L2

L2

3
&4

&

..

H2

L2

4.33 THEME FROM HANSEL AND GRETEL For smoother technique, keep 2nd

Andante

4
&4
L2

&

2
&4
p

2.

Engelbert Humperdinck

Reproduction
Prohibited

4.34 FLOWER DRUM SONG

Andante

..

and 3rd fingers down where indicated.

..

Gaston Lyle

1.

y
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4.32 THE MAN ON THE FLYING TRAPEZE Prepare for the A in measure 3!
Moderato

L2

L2

Chinese Folk Song

4

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40

HEORY

Rest for the entire measure. Always check the time signature!

HISTORY

RY

NOTES ON THE E STRING

PODIUM

F# G
A
A is played with 3 fingers down

G is played with low 2nd finger

F is played with 1 finger down

1 2

E
A
D
G

Whole Rest

HEORY

ON THE
RY
THEORY HISTORY
HISTORYPODIUMPODIUM

HEORY

4.35 E BATTLES C

T
ET

ON THE
RY
THEORY HISTORY
NE W HISTORY
ON THE PODIUM PODIUM
0
DRAW NOTE! PODIUM
P
ALT

(Viola/Cello)

whole rest

DRAW

NOTE! PODIUM

&

ON THE
1 PODIUM

# # 4 0

THEORY HEORY
NE W HISTORY
ON THE

HISTORY

ALT

#4
& 4

G
THEORY

&

HISTORY

ALT

ON THE
PODIUM
L2

(Viola/Cello)

y
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PODIUM

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

4.37 ROCKIN' TO THE E.G.

DRAW

4.36 GALACTIC MISSION

TRY
ET

L2

4.38 BROKEN BEETHOVEN BLUES

T
ET

4
&4

T
ET

DRAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

Prohibited

# Reproduction

& #4

L2

ALT

1.

..

2.

4.39 A-TISKET, A-TASKET

Moderato

4
&4

&

SB307VN

American Folk Song

L2

EORY

RAW

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

MUSIC

SCIENCE

Franz Schubert (17971828) was

an Austrian composer who wrote
over 600 pieces in his short 32-year
lifespan. His Marche Militaire was
originally written for piano fourhands (2 people playing one piano),
ALT
but has since been arranged for
virtually every type of performing ensemble.

Louis Agassiz was a Swiss

paleontologist who became
the first to scientifically suggest
the presence of an ice age in
Earths history. He became a
leading figure in the study of
natural history.

. .

Allegro

# 4

& 4
&

4th finger E
4

HEORY

&

HISTORY

L2

.
.

. .

. . . .

. .

. .

PODIUM

. .

A Russian expedition discovered

Antarctica in 1820. Years later,
Charles Wilkes discovered that
it was not just an island, but a
whole continent!

. .

. . .
f

. . .

e
i
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e
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P

B is played with 4 fingers on the E string.

ON THE
HISTORY
PODIUM

E
A
D
G

4.41 UP AND AT 'EM!

T
ET
DRAW

#4
& 4

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

ALT

L2

. .
.

y
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New Note: B
THEORY

. .

. . .
p

Franz Schubert

L2

41

WORLD

4.40 MARCHE MILITAIRE In this piece, play your upper E using 4th finger on your A string.

RY

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

1 2

F# G

Reproduction Prohibited

4.42 TURKISH MARCH

Moderato

L2

#2
& 4
&

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

..
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42

RHYTHM

Whole Note

real

ly

NE W

BONUS

ON THE

DRAW
CLAP
NOTE!
4.43BOX
BOW
BEAT
Rosin
bow. PODIUM

44
1

HEORY

slow

bow

bow

slow

L2

4
&4
HISTORY

THEORY

PODIUM

w
1

DRAW CONCERTO THEME

4.45

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

real - ly

& 4

SB307VN

1.

Ludwig van Beethoven

2.

4
..

MUSIC

SCIENCE

In 1842, Christian Doppler, an

Austrian physicist, proposed
what became known as the
Doppler effect. It explained
why the pitch of a police siren
changed as it approached and
passed an observer.

w
p

WORLD

In 1836, the Texas

Revolution ended when
the Republic of Texas
was established after a
year-long revolution
against Mexico. In 1845,
it became the 28th state
in the U.S.

Reproduction Prohibited

#4

&

y
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n
O
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Polish composer Frdric Chopin

(18101845) was a musical prodigy who
began composing at a very early age. He was
an accomplished pianist and wrote extensively
for the instrument. His Fantaisie-Impromptu
is one of his best known works, despite the
ALT
fact he never wanted it to be published!

Dolce

bow

4.46 FANTAISIE-IMPROMPTU Notice how the tie connects the E in measure 4 to measure 5,

slow

Decrescendo means to gradually play softer.

ALT

# 4 L2 0 L2
& 4
p

bow

DYNAMICS

e
i
v
re

Andante

PODIUM

BEAT
STREET
NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

slow

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

HEORY

HISTORY

Use a really slow bow

when playing whole notes!

real - ly

Crescendo means to gradually play louder.

CLAP

bow

ALT

4.44 THE OH-SO-SLOW BOW TO GO

THEORY

slow

1 2 3 4

BEAT
STREET

BONUS
BOX

RAW

ON THE
PODIUM

HISTORY

Whole Note
4 beats of sound

HM

EORY

THEORY

L2

making it last 4 beats.

L2

L2

Frdric Chopin

(tie)

43

OPUS 4 ENCORE
INTERPRETATION STATION
Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. For each example, choose the style or tempo marking that best fits the music.

1. Andante Allegro

3. Maestoso Misterioso

2. Pesante

4. Allegro

Dolce

Moderato

SIMON SEZ
Listen to the corresponding track on the DVD. You will hear a well-known song. Listen first, sing it, then find the pitches on your
instrument. You can then play along with the accompaniment track that follows!

COMPOSER'S CORNER
Improvisation occurs when a performer makes up music on the spot without any previous
preparation or written music. Experiment with the guide notes. You can then have a
friend or group play the accompaniment line while you improvise (or you can play
along with the accompaniment track). Note: The recording is played 4 times.

ATTITUDE - Accompaniment Duet

#4

Pencil Power

& ( ) #
,

.
& 4 .
.
.
.
.
.
f
,
,
,
,

#4
.

.
& 4
. . . . .
f

Guide Notes

open repeat

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Match the composer with the correct fact by writing in the appropriate letter.
1. _____ Tchaikovsky

5. _____ Beethoven

2. _____ Mahler

6. _____ Handel

A. Continued to compose music after becoming completely deaf

B. Accomplished pianist who also wrote extensively for piano
C. Austrian composer who wrote Marche Militaire
D. Child prodigy who composed his first minuet when he was 5 years old
E. German composer who was hired to write music for fireworks in London
F. Composer known for his symphonies who was equally at home as a conductor
G. Russian composer of The Nutcracker

7. _____ Mozart

3. _____ Schubert
4. _____ Chopin

CURTAIN UP!

Reproduction Prohibited

4.47 THE GREAT GATE OF KIEV Practice playing with a full bow

Maestoso

#4

&

#
&

& 4 w
#

Modest Mussorgsky

and project a big, beautiful sound!

L2

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44

CURTAIN UP!
4.48 CAN-CAN - Orchestra Arrangement

(from Orpheus in the Underworld)

&
&
5

&
&

## 4
Allegro

B
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## 4
##
##

4
p

# # .

& .
9

&

##

&

##

&

##

&

##

&

##

..

y
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P

## .
& .

f
# #
&

Jacques Offenbach
arr. Carrie Lane Gruselle

..

15

..

..

19

Reproduction

Prohibited

1.

2.

..

..

45

4.49 POWER AND PULSE - Orchestra Arrangement

Allegro maestoso

Brian Balmages

#4

& 4

#4
& 4

f

#
&
&

Fine 11
# 0 L2 , .
.
&

#

&

#
&

#
&
# #
&
#

23

Reproduction Prohibited

4 #

# #

&
&

&

..

..

..

2nd time only

e
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15

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2nd time only

D.C. al Fine

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INSTRUMENTAL SOLO
4.50 MINUET AND TRIO - Solo
Moderato

#3

& 4

(1st time

&

.
.

f-p
f - 2nd time p)

&

Fine

..

&

& 4

f-p

? # 34
&

?#
&

?#
&

?#
SB307VN

D.C. al Fine

..

..

Fine 9

y
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.

. .
f

e
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P

Moderato

. .
p

L2

17 Trio

Piano Accompaniment

#3

.
.

Franz Joseph Haydn

arr. Brian Balmages

Reproduction Prohibited

(no repeat)

Trio

17

D.C. al Fine

(no repeat)

RHYTHM

THEORY

PODIUM

HISTORY

ON THE
PODIUM

BONUS
BOX

CLAP

NE W ON THE
NOTE! PODIUM

DRAW

THEORY

ALT

HISTORY

47

SCALES AND ARPEGGIOS

BEAT
STREET

HM

BONUS
BOX

HISTORY

THEORY

ON THE
PODIUM

arpeggio

An arpeggio is the first, third, and fifth notes of a major scale played in succession. It may also
include the 8th scale note (an octave above the starting note).
BEAT
STREET
CLAP

Practice each
scale using the rhythmic patterns below for each note. Your teacher may suggest additional patterns. Try making up your own!
NE W ON THE

2. 3. 4. 5.

DRAW

1.

ALT

NOTE! PODIUM

D MAJOR

& # #

#
#

G MAJOR - Option 1

&

G MAJOR - Option 2

&

Arpeggio

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C MAJOR

6.

&

P VIOLIN FINGERING CHART

0
STRING

EE &
AA &
DD &
GG &

L1

L2

H2

H3/
L4

G
G A
A
A B
bw
b
w
w
#
w
w
#
w
w
Prohibited
wReproduction
E

# wb w

A B

# wb w

w
B

wC

D E

F G

# wb w

#w bw

# wbw

wD

F G

C D

#w bw

D E
bw
#w

wB
wE

# wbw

#w bw

#w bw

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48

INDEX
TERMS

Accidentals......................................... 6, 36
Allegretto............................................... 34
Allegro................................................... 18
Andante.................................................. 18
Arpeggio................................................ 47
Bar Line................................................... 4
Beat.......................................................... 4
Bow Lift................................................. 16
Common Time....................................... 24
Composer............................................... 11
Conducting................................. 23, 24, 26
Courtesy Accidental............................... 36
Crescendo............................................... 42
D.C. al Fine............................................ 25
Decrescendo........................................... 42
Dolce..................................................... 35
Dotted Half Note.................................... 26
Double Bar Line..................................... 25
Double Stop........................................... 23
Down Bow............................................. 12
Duet........................................................ 17
Dynamics............................................... 33
Eighth Note............................................ 22
Enclosed Repeat Signs........................... 31
Final Bar Line.......................................... 4
First and Second Endings....................... 17
Forte (f)................................................ 33
Half Note / Half Rest............................. 16
Half Step................................................ 37
Hooked Bowing..................................... 34
Improvisation......................................... 43
Intervals.................................................. 37
Key Signature......................................... 15
Ledger Lines.......................................... 25
Maestoso................................................ 26
Major Scale............................................ 10
Measure.................................................... 4
Misterioso.............................................. 33
Moderato................................................ 18
Music Staff............................................... 4
Natural ( n ).......................................... 6, 36
Opus......................................................... 4
Pesante................................................... 38
Piano (p)................................................ 33
Pick-up Notes......................................... 27
Pizzicato............................................... 4, 5
Quarter Note / Quarter Rest..................... 4
Rehearsal Number.................................. 21
Repeat Sign.............................................. 5
Retake.................................................... 16
Rhythm..................................................... 4
Rosin Bowing........................................ 12
Round..................................................... 20
Sharp ( #)................................................... 6
Slur......................................................... 29
Staccato.................................................. 33
Tempo.................................................... 18
Theme and Variations............................ 23
Tie.......................................................... 29

Time Signature................................... 5, 23
Treble Clef............................................... 5
Up Bow.................................................. 12
Upbeats.................................................. 27
Whole Note............................................ 42
Whole Rest............................................. 40
Whole Step............................................. 37

COMPOSERS

Balmages, Brian
Defenders of Earth........................... 20
Fantastic Fiddles............................... 32
Preludium......................................... 32
Power and Pulse............................... 45
Billings, William
Chester.............................................. 30
Beethoven, Ludwig van......................... 7
Allegretto from Symphony No. 7..... 34
Concerto Theme............................... 42
Ode to Joy..................................... 7, 30
Chopin, Frdric.................................. 42
Fantaisie-Impromptu........................ 42

WORLD MUSIC

American
A-Tisket, A-Tasket............................ 40
All the Woods are Waking................ 21
Boil Them Cabbage Down............... 23
Chicken on the Fence Post............... 27
Dont Tell Aunt Rhody!...................... 7
Down on the Farm............................ 21
Groovin Grandma.............................. 8
Yankee Doodle................................. 37
Canadian
Huron Carol...................................... 24
Chinese
Flower Drum Song........................... 39
English
Cold Cross Buns................................. 8
Country Gardens.............................. 39
Shepherds Hey................................ 39
Three Gliding Mice.......................... 29
French
Au Claire de la Lune........................... 7
Do You Hear?................................... 32
French Carol..................................... 25
Frre Jacques.................................... 25
Sleeping Baby.................................. 16
Walking Horses................................ 16
German
Little Ducklings................................ 28

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l
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Handel, George F.................................. 26

Music for the Royal Fireworks......... 26

Haydn, Franz Joseph

Minuet and Trio................................ 46

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i
v
e
r
P

Humperdinck, Engelbert
Theme from Hansel and Gretel........ 39

Lyle, Gaston
The Man on the Flying Trapeze....... 39
Mahler, Gustav..................................... 30
Theme from Symphony No. 1.......... 30
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus.................34
Theme from Sonata No. 11.............. 34
Turkish March.................................. 41
Mussorgsky, Modest
The Great Gate of Kiev.................... 43
Offenbach, Jacques
Can-Can............................................ 44
Schubert, Franz.................................... 41
Marche Militaire............................... 41

Irish
The Moreen...................................... 31
Israeli
Dreidel Song..................................... 21
Mexican
Los Pollitos....................................... 37
Russian
Volga Boatmen................................. 27

HOLIDAY MUSIC

Dreidel Song..................................... 21
French Carol..................................... 25
Holidays United!.............................. 21
Jingle Bells....................................... 17
Joy to the World................................ 21
Overture to The Nutcracker.............. 18

Reproduction Prohibited

SB307VN

Schumann, Clara
Love the Sun..................................... 20
Susato, Tielman
La Morisque..................................... 37
Tchaikovsky, Pyotr I............................ 18
Overture to The Nutcracker.............. 18
Serenade for Strings......................... 31