The export import policy for the period 2009-14 was formulated in the backdrop of

an unprecedented decline in global trade due to the recession in the developed

world. The short term objective of he policy was to arrest and reverse in the trend in
exports and to provide support to those sectors which have been effected by
recession. It proposed measures that have to be taken to increase the growth rate
of exports and to double Indias share in global trade, which was less than 2% in
2008.
The long term objectives of the policy included measures to be taken to accelerate
countrys transition to a globally oriented market economy to increase Indias
competitiveness in global trade. This included policies to strengthen the efficiency
and technical capabilities of all major sectors of the economy with a special focus
on manufacturing. It also decided to diversify Indias export market by giving special
focus to countries in Africa and Latin America so as to mitigate the adverse effects
of the recession thats there in developed economies.
Measures were also taken to facilitate easy import of capital goods which are
necessary for the modernization of Indias export oriented manufacturing sector.
The policy gave special focus to the employment -oriented sectors like textiles and
handicrafts which had witnessed job losses due to recession.
Even though the export import policy for the year 2009-14 comes with positive
measures its not without its own drawbacks. It has not given any attention to the
falling trend in imports which indicates a slowdown in domestic investments which
are necessary to achieve higher growth rates. Some of Indias export promotion
schemes are not compatible with WTO rules and this may cause future problems.
The actual user condition thats there with import of capital goods is of no
advantage as most of the status holders are merchant exporters who would find I
difficult to meet the requirement of actual user condition. The export promotion
policies that were adopted by the previous trade policies have not really helped the
cause of exports and the same policies were continued.
The policy does not give emphasis on cutting the cost of exports as Indias exports
are costlier than its close competitors like China, Bangladesh and Vietnam. The
higher costs arise due to higher credit rates, Wages and transaction costs. Even
though measures required for upgrading trade infrasture was given due attention, it
didnt give much focus on the long term sustainabily of trade. So the focus was
more on sustaining the current level of exports and this is evident from the fact that
most of the fiscal sops were offered only till 2011.

Rawl in his a theory of justice focused on the idea of justice because of its
importance in organizing and governing the society. He defines justice in two ways.
One is the merit theory and the other is the need theory. According to merit theory
the reward an individual receives for his actions will depend upon the merit of that

individual. So this idea of justice reflects the utilitarian aspect of ethics. On the
other hand the need theory talks about the need for individuals in the society to
help the disadvantaged sections with the goal of bringing them upto a considerable
level of advantage.
But the above said two ideas of justice are contradictory rawl tries to justify his idea
of justice by saying that inequalities existing in a society can be justified only if it
brings increased benefits for entires sections of society and it wont put the
disadvantages sections at a situation worse than before.
According to rawls society is a cooperative venture between free and equal
individuals for deriving mutual benefits. This cooperation helps in raising the
standard of living by providing all primary goods. And this need to be done in an
equitable manner in all cases other than the one in which an unequal distribution of
these goods is to the advantage of the disadvantaged sections. But the problem
faced by the society in this regard is that there is no consensus regarding what
constitutes good and on what principles must the benefits and burdens be shared
by participating members. Rawl responded to this by inoking hhis original idea and
argues that the representatives will stick to the principle of justice and not other
principles like utilitarianism or natural law in sharing the benefits of collective
endeavor. And the justification for this selection is the rationality of individuals
regarding their self intreset which is the basis for their actions. So representatives
will organize the society around the ideas of liberty and difference principles.