DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

S. V. National Institute of Technology, Surat

Pingul Jignesh registered in Civil Engineering Department of S.V.N.I.T. Surat

having Roll No. U12CE013 has successfully presented her Seminar-VII on 20/11/2015 at 2.30 P.M.

The seminar is presented before the following

members of the Committee.

Sign

Date

1) Examiner-1

_________ ___________ _________

2) Examiner-2

_________ ___________ _________

The Seminar entitled Precast Concrete Material is submitted to the Head

(CED) along with this certificate.

Place: Surat
Date: 20/11/2014
(Dr. P V Timbadiya/Dr. S M Yadav)
Project Coordinator

Acknowledgment

I would like to make my deepest appreciation and gratitude to Assistant Professor

Shri C. R. Patel for his invaluable guidance, constructive criticism and encouragement during
the course of this project. Grateful acknowledgement is made to all the staff and faculty
members of the Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Surat for
their encouragement. I would also like to extend my sincere thanks to all our fellow graduate
students for their time, invaluable suggestions and help. In spite of numerous citations
above, the author accepts full responsibility for the content that follows.
I would also like to acknowledge Mr. Krupen Kikani for providing the necessary detail
required for completing this project and also his company for the same.

Only manufacture in controlled factory conditions can achieve the defect free,
waste free quality production on budget, on time, that clients and consumers
deserve. And only factory conditions are likely to provide the sort of safe,
healthy, pleasant working environment that will be acceptable to the young

ii

ABSTRACT

Shelter has been the prime need for the every individual and an important factor in deciding
the quality of life and welfare of society. The problem of providing shelter to the huge Indian
population is out of proportion. In-spite of the impressive growth in the total housing stock, the gap
between demand & supply has been continuously widening. An unavailability of appropriate
technology for the mass housing is the major lacuna behind this wide gap. Under such circumstances,
precast seems to be a viable option because of speedy construction, quality assurance, durability and
cost aspects. However, precast construction is not so prevalent in our country. Hence keeping this is
mind, the report has basic construction process & brief study about precast concrete. It also includes
some comparison between precast and concrete in-situ casting for building housing.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENT

Page nos.
SUBMISSION LETTER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ii

ABSTRACT

iii

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1

General

1.2

Scope of work

1.3

Need for Study

CHAPTER 2

PRECAST MATERIAL & ITS COMPONENTS

2.1

Introduction

2.2

Historical Brief

2.3

Advantages of Precast Concrete

2.4

Disadvantages of Precast Concrete

2.5

Precast Concrete Production

2.6

Transportation & Hoisting of Precast Concrete

2.7

Precast Concrete Element

10

2.8

Precast Concrete Slabs

10

2.9

Precast Concrete Beams

11

2.10

Precast Concrete Columns

12

2.11

Precast Concrete Walls & Panels

13

2.11

Precast Special Elements

14

CHAPTER 3

BASICS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

3.1

Introduction

16

3.2

Historical Brief

16

3.3

Advantages of Prestressed Concrete

18

3.4

Disadvantages of Prestressed Concrete

18

3.5

Application of Prestressed Concrete

19

3.6

Prestressing Process

21

3.7

Pre-tensioned & Post- tensioned Prestressed Concrete

21

iv

CHAPTER 4

TYPES OF PRECAST CONSTRUCTION

4.1

Introduction to Precast Concrete

22

4.2

Precast Concrete in Detail

22

4.3

Prestressed Concrete

23

4.4

Lift Slab Method

23

4.5

Slip Form Construction

23

4.6

Tilt up Construction

24

4.7

Timber Construction

25

4.8

Light Gauge Steel Framing

25

4.9

Prefabricated Buildings

26

4.10

Portable & Temporary Buildings

26

4.11

Construction Equipments

27

CHAPTER 5

PRECAST CONSTRUCTION

5.1

Introduction

28

5.2

Generic Brief of Concrete

28

5.3

Specific Benefits of Concrete Structures

29

5.4

Key Issue in Concrete Construction

31

5.5

Key Issue in Precast Concrete

31

5.6

Image of Precast

32

5.7

Structure

32

5.8

Flexibility & Services

33

CHAPTER 6

PRECAST JOINTS

6.1

Categories of Precast Building Systems

35

6.1.1

Large-Panel system

35

6.1.2

Frame System

38

6.1.3

Slab-column System with Walls

40

CHAPTER 7
7.1

ESTIMATE & SPACE COMPARISION

Cost Summary

CHAPTER 8

41

DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY

REFRENCES