V1

Supraorbital
Supratrochlear
Infratrochlear

Cranial Nerve V
3 branches
maxillary nerve
mandibular nerve

V2
V3

ophthalmic nerve

V1

trigeminal nerve
trigeminal ganglion
sensory only
sensory only
sensory before foramen ovale; mixed after foramen ovale
joined by a motor root near the foramen ovale for

Trigeminal ganglion

Zygomaticotemporal
Zygomaticofacial

V2

Infraorbital

V3

(sensory)

Cavernous
sinus

skeletal muscle

V2
V1

Mental
Buccal
Auriculotemporal

V3

Trigeminal nerve distribution

posterior & anterior
ethmoidal
Lacrimal

Frontal

anterior 2/3rds of scalp

Supratrochlear

Somatic sensory from:

Supraorbital

face

Infratrochlear

external acoustic meatus

Nasociliary

anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Long ciliary

V1

teeth

(S & symp)

mucous membranes of nasal and oral cavities, and paranasal sinuses

Motor to skeletal muscle:

Short ciliary

muscles of mastication; masseter, pterygoids, temporalis (MAST)

(S & parasymp)

Branch from III

mylohyoid, anterior digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini (MATT)

Ciliary
ganglion

Visceral motor:
- preganglionics in III, VII and IX

Carries parasympathetic postganglionic fibres

Branches of ophthalmic nerve

ANTERIOR
DIVISION
POSTERIOR
DIVISION

Auriculotemporal

Motor branches to muscles of mastication and the two tensors (tympani and veli palatini)
One sensory nerve (buccal nerve)
Sensory branches (auriculotemporal, lingual, inferior alveolar)
One motor nerve (nerve to mylohyoid)

V3

Motor branches
Buccal (S)

Otic ganglion
Inferior
alveolar

Chorda tympani
(from VII)
Mental

Lingual
Nerve to mylohyoid (M)

Submandibular ganglion

Inferior alveolar

Branches of mandibular nerve

Facial nerve
Zygomaticofacial

Motor to skeletal muscle:

Zygomaticotemporal

stapedius, stylohyoid, posterior digastric

muscles of facial expression

Infraorbital

Zygomatic

Special sensation of taste from:

V2

anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Somatic sensory from:

Branch from VII

Greater petrosal nerve

small area of auricle

Pterygopalatine
ganglion
Greater &
lesser palatine

Preganglionic parasympathetics to a named ganglion for:

lacrimal gland

Branches of maxillary nerve

submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Post, middle, & ant

superior alveolar

Pterygopalatine
ganglion

V2

Greater
Petrosal

(taste and parasymp)

Temporal
Deep petrosal
nerve (symp)

Foramen
lacerum

Zygomatic

Buccal
Posterior
auricular

Nerve of
pterygoid canal
Greater and
lesser palatine nn

Mandibular
Motor root

Cervical

exits skull via

stylomastoid foramen

Parotid gland

Greater petrosal nerve

Greater petrosal
(taste and parasymp)

Geniculate ganglion
(sensory)

Motor root of VII

Nervus intermedius

(taste, sense and parasymp)

Vestibulocochlear

Chorda tympani

(taste and parasymp)

Internal acoustic
meatus

Greater petrosal

Geniculate ganglion

Facial motor
root
Chorda tympani

(taste and parasymp)

Inferior alveolar
Lingual

Medial view

Reflexes
Sensory (aff.)
- corneal

cornea - V1

Motor (eff.)
orbicularis oculi - VII

Particularly helpful in assessing the brainstem function in the

unconscious patient

-blink
(startling)

object coming
towards eye - II

orbicularis oculi - VII