REPORT ON ENERGY MANAGEMENT AND RENEWABLE

ENERGY INTEGRATION IN SMART GRID SYSTEM

Objective of paper:
The author in this paper has presented a survey on integration of renewable
energy into smart grid. In the meanwhile various management objectives,
challenges and their solutions have also presented.
Introductory points:
With the increasing demand of energy, integration of renewable resources in
electric grid system is a basic need for which the present grid system need
some modifications. For the present grid to be smarter one, energy
management system must be introduced.
Smart grid challenges:
The challenges based on smart grid technology are:

Renewable energy integration

Energy management

Renewable energy integration:

Renewable energy is a clean and overripe technology. The author has
discussed the following points in this section.
Renewable energy and smart grid interfacing options
1
Geviano et al
For the integration of renewable energy into the
grid, communication between the devices is very
necessary
2
Kohsri et al
Presented a system that can predict and decide
about future power management
3
Ayompe et al
They presented a system that measures AC
power at the time intervals suitable for smart
metering
Smart grid technology development and demonstration
A smart grid system that would be self-manageable and reliable is the
future of conventional grid. Various researches done in this field are:
1
FREEDM system A power distribution system that interfaces with
by NSF FREEDM residential and industry customers.
system center
2
Research
It is a test bed where various technologies are
development and integrated to qualify for the qualities of different
demonstration
solutions, showcase their competences and to

micro
grid
by
BCIT
Smart grid is a very
management, organize
users within the service

rush
the
commercialization
of
related
technologies.
useful system that supports latest information
the related data and make them useful for the
organization.

Smart grid energy management system:

The SEMS is used to:

Streamlines different processes

Reduces the cost
Energy utilization
Improves demand map
Enhances efficiency
Controls carbon emission

The energy management methods, tools and the respective work in this field
is as follows:
Management objectives
Energy
efficiency: Atwa et al
Suggested a procedure for a rural
increasing the system
distribution system for ideally
efficiency by reducing
assigning different types of
the energy loss.
renewable distributed generation
units to lessen energy loss.
Ochoa and
Proposed OPF to determine the
harrison
ideal lodging of renewable DG to
lessen the system energy loss.
Aquino-Lugo
Implemented
decentralization
control algorithms to lessen the
system energy loss.
Demand
profile Caron
and Provided dynamic pricing scheme
improvement:
Kesidis
and
distributed
stochastic
Increases
energy
strategies.
Designed a three step control
production
and Bakker et al
algorithms for reshaping energy
reduces the energy
profile demand.
demand and cost of
Suggested a method to measure
production
by Earle et el
the capacity influence of demand
different
response.
methodologies
like
and Determined timing of appliance
dynamic pricing and Kishore
Synder
operation to take advantage of
load shifting.
lower rates at respective time

periods
Mohsenian-Rad Proposed a model for the trade& Leon Garcia
off of load between customers
during the time period
Ibars et el
Proposed a congestion game to
avoid overloading of grid
Ghosh et el
Suggested
idealization
mechanism
by
a
trade-off
between electricity bills and
waiting
time
for
device
functionality.
Mohsenian-Rad Discovered ideal performance by
et al
adopting pricing tariffs.
Cost optimization & Conejo et al
Presented
an
idealization
price stabilization:
technique
to
maximize
the
To
obtain
desired
consumer utility with minimum
quantity of energy
load demand.
Proposed
real-time
pricing
with an ideal low Samadi et al
techniques and discussed the
expenses
interactions
between
smart
metering and energy provider.
Hatami
& Formulated the electrical bill
Pedram
minimization
techniques
to
reduce the cost per unit without
effecting the quality service.
Guan et al
Minimization of electricity and
natural gas cost without effecting
energy balance.
Joe-Wong et al Presented algorithms for the
stabilization of price.
Emission
control: Bakker et al
Presented methods to increase
Control of all sorts of
the energy efficiency by reducing
environment
the CO2 emission
Saber
& Presented reduction in hazardous
hazardous materials.
Venayagamoor materials by using grid able
thy
vehicle and renewable energy
resources.
Liu & Xu
Presented a load dispatch model
to
minimize
nitrogen
oxide
emission.
Management methods and tools
Optimization
Kallistis et al
Developed a model for using the
Approaches: Tools for
scarce energy in a better way by

optimization approach
are
convex Sortomme
programming
and al
dynamic programming

Game theory: strong

analysis tool for smart
energy management.
Machine
learning:
analysis of user data
and grid states

using convex programming

et Used convex programing to
developed an algorithm for
reducing the effects of charging
vehicles on DG
Han et el
Developed an aggregator that
makes use power from vehicles
to produce the desired power for
V2G
frequency
regulation
services
Chui et al
Proposed
dynamic
pricing
algorithm
Clement Nyns Suggested coordinated charging
et al
for reducing the load factor of
main grid
Ibars et al
Proposed a network congestion
game
for
Nash
equilibrium
solution
Fang et al
Used machine learning to find out
the distributed renewable energy
resource which can supply power
most efficiently.

Concluding Remarks:
For the successful integration of renewable energy resources into the grid,
many challenges are still on the way and are needed to be addressed
effectively. At the same time, author in this paper has also presented work
done so far to tackle most of them. Moreover, many of these have been
resolved and are leading to a mover user and environment friendly future.