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IndustrialProductionSystemsforMetalAdditiveManufacturing|FariniaGroup
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Home Additive Manufacturing Techniques in additive manufacturing Industrial Production Systems for Metal Additive Manufacturing
Additive
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The roots of laser-aided metal additive manufacturinglie in 1977s with the general principle patented by Russ
Householder, a private inventor. He described a system and method which bore an uncanny resemblance to
future commercial laser-aided powder-bed systems.
The commercial history started in the early 1990s. Several firms and institutes have participated in the
development of the technology and some companies were bought or fall out along the way. Nowadays,
different names refer to the same technology because of a tortuous marketing path and several patent
issues.
Acronyms SLM and DMLS are somehow remnants from a period that precedes the entry into cooperation of
the main actors and patent cross-license agreements that granted them licenses to their patent portfolios.
Before that, both techniques were formerly distinct in their ability to either fully melt (SLM) powders particles
or sinter them (DMLS) whether it was pure components (pure titanium or aluminium) with a single melting
point or pre-alloyed powders (stainless steels, super-alloysandTi64, for example). Today, SLM is also used for
ALM of pre-alloyed metals and merely a synonym of DMLS.
Moreover, while SLS (or LS) used to describe the process as applied to a variety of materials (metals, plastics,
glass, ceramics), it is now generally used for laser sintering of plastics.
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PowderBedFusionSystems
The additive manufacturing processes in which powder particles of particular regions of a powder bed are
selectively fused together by thermal energy.
The scanning velocity and layer thickness are limited by the available laser power and the behavior of the
material during the melting process. The hatch distance is limited by the diameter of focused laser beam to
be same as the beam diameter in order to achieve pore free structure. DMLSs repeatability is about 20 m in
all directions and the minimum detail resolution about 100 m in the plan and 20 m in the build direction.
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1m50sec to see and understand how a powder-bed metal additive manufacturing system works.
The electron beam offers a higher energy density than AMs lasers. As a consequence, the powder size
distribution and layer thickness in EBM can be larger, which speeds up the build rate compared to DMLS.
Moreover, parts can float in build envelope and the wafer support does not need to connect to the start plate.
As a consequence, EDM cutting of parts from the start plate is not required.
Who are the main providers for power-bed metal ALM systems?
EOS(Germany), Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
3D Systems(USA), Direct Metal Sintering (DMS)
SLM Solutions(Germany), Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
Realizer(Germany), Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
Concept Laser(Germany), LaserCusing (LC)
Renishaw(UK), Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
Arcam(Sweden), Electron Beam Melting (EBM)
Wuhan Binhu(China), Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
Huake 3D(China),Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
DirectedEnergydepositionsystems
The additive manufacturing processes in which material is fused as it is deposited, by the means of focused
thermal energy.
Directed Energy Deposition is a blanket name that encompasses many deposition techniques:
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energy beam melts the surface of the target material to create a small molten pool of base material. The
processed material can be either powder-blown (powder-fed) or wire-fed, and is deposited within the spot to
be absorbed into the melt pool.
The deposits dimensions are ranging from 15 to 100 m in thickness and from 0.1 to 0.4 mm in width. The
technique can be used to produce entire 3D parts or repair components cost effectively by cladding material
in thin layers to restore the worn surface.
Who Are The Main Providers For Directed Energy Deposition Systems?
The main companies that are currently developping proprietary technologies based on this process and
marketing solutions are:
BEAM(French), Construction Laser Additive Directe (CLAD) process andMAGIC machine (LMD/Cladding).
Optomec (USA), Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) process, 850-R machine and modular Print Engine.
Sciaky (USA), Electron Beam Direct Manufacturing (EBDM) process (wire-fed) and VX-110 system.
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CONTACTUS
Spartacus3D follows the latest technology trends in additive manufacturing, in order to be one step ahead
and apply the best solutions for its customers.
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