LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

GRADE 10 LEARNING COMPETENCIES

HEREDITY: INHERITANCE AND VARIATION

LC1. Explain how protein is made using

information from DNA. (S10LTIII d37)
1. Which of the following bases would be found in
DNA but not RNA?
A. Adenine
B. Thymine
C. Guanine
D. Uracil
2. Analysis of the DNA from both a frog and a
bacterium would reveal that
A. frog DNA is single stranded, but
bacterial DNA is double stranded
B. frog DNA contains thymine, but bacterial
DNA contains uracil
C. DNA from both organisms is
composed of repeating nucleotide
units
D. DNA from both organisms contains the
sugar ribose
3. Which description correctly depicts the DNA
molecule?
A. A single strand with bases bonded to
phosphates and deoxyribose sugars.
B. A double strand like a ladder with
uprights made of bases and rungs made
of phosphates and deoxyribose sugars.
C. A double strand like a ladder with
uprights made of phosphates and
deoxyribose sugars and rungs made
of bases.
D. A double strand with uprights made of
bases and phosphates and rungs made
of deoxyribose sugars.
4. When the DNA unzip, during gene expression
(protein synthesis) it makes a complementary
copy of itself, which is called
A. complementary DNA
B. messenger DNA
C. transfer RNA
D. messenger RNA
5. The diagram below shows a portion of a DNA
molecule

The base sequence of the unlabelled strand

shown in the diagram is most likely
A. T A C G
B. C G A T
C. U A C G
D. A T G C

Base your answers to questions 6 and 7 on the

diagram below which represents some molecules
involved in protein synthesis.

6. Which number indicates part of a molecule

containing peptide bonds?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
7. A molecule that contains many codons is
indicated by
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Base your answer to questions 8 through 11 on the
diagram below.

8. The DNA code for structure 1 is

A. U U U
B. T T T
C. A A A
D. P H E
9. Number 2 indicates part of a compound known
as a
A. nucleic acid
B. polysaccharide
C. lipid
D. polypeptide

10. Number 3 represents a molecule known as

A. ribosomal RNA
B. transfer RNA
C. messenger RNA
D. deoxyribonucleic acid
11. Number 4 represents a
A. gene
B. nucleotide
C. codon
D. sugar
12. Which statement best describes messenger
RNA?
A. It transfers polypeptide to the nucleus
B. It is chemically more complex than DNA.
C. It has one oxygen atom less than DNA.
D. It is composed of a single strand of
nucleotides.
13. In nucleotides, the letters A, G, C and T
represent:
A. phosphate group
B. deoxyribose sugars
C. nitrogenous bases
D. ribose sugars
14. Molecules that may contain adenine, cytosine,
guanine, and thymine
A. DNA molecules, only
B. RNA molecules, only
C. Both DNA and RNA molecules
D. Neither DNA nor RNA molecules
15. Molecules that carry genetic information from
the nucleus to the ribosomes
A. DNA molecules, only
B. RNA molecules, only
C. Both DNA and RNA molecules
D. Neither DNA nor RNA molecules
16. Molecules that are present in the nucleus of the
cell
A. DNA molecules, only
B. RNA molecules, only
C. Both DNA and RNA molecules
D. Neither DNA nor RNA molecules
17. Molecules that consist of chains of nucleotides
A. DNA molecules, only
B. RNA molecules, only
C. Both DNA and RNA molecules
D. Neither DNA nor RNA molecules
18. What is the sequence involved in the
expression of hereditary characteristics?
A. from DNA to RNA to protein
B. from RNA to DNA to protein
C. from RNA to protein
D. from DNA to protein
19. Which would explain why DNA is often referred
to as the code of life?
A. It has a double helix structure.
B. Its molecule is made up of phosphate,
sugar and a base.
C. Its
molecule
is
packed
into
chromosome.
D. It contains the information needed to
make proteins.

20. Refer to the Genetic Code Chart below.

If a triplet codes for a certain protein is

AUGGUUACAUAA, what amino acid sequence
make up the synthesized protein molecules?
A. Methionine, Glycine , Threonine, stop
B. Tyrosine, Glutamine, Cysteine,
Isoleucine
C. Isoleucine,
Leucine,
Valine,
Phenylalanine
D. Valine, Proline, Threonine, Cysteine
21. If the DNA strand ACGATG is replicated, which
would be its strand?
A. ACGATG
B. TGCTAC
C. CATCGT
D. GTAGCA
22. The parts of a DNA nucleotide are indicated in
the chart below by letters A, B, and C. an X
indicates which chemical elements are present
in each part.

DNA
Nucleotid
e
Parts

Elements
C

P
X

Which diagram represents a DNA nucleotide?

B
G

A.
AA

C.

B.
C

C
A

B.

D.

Base your answers to questions 23 through 26

on the diagram below. The diagram represents
molecular structures involved in protein
synthesis.

23. Structure 1 represents

A. a portion of a DNA molecule
B. a portion of an RNA molecule
C. part of a polypeptide chain
D. the building blocks of proteins
24. The DNA code for proline is
A. G G A
B. C C U
C. C U G
D. C T G
25. Proline, methionine, and aspartic acid represent
three types of
A. sugars
B. phosphates
C. amino acids
D. nitrogenous bases

26. Structure 2 is synthesized in the

A. nucleus
B. ribosome
C. lysosome
D. mitochondria
27. The instructions for the synthesis of a particular
protein are carried from the nucleus of a cell to
the cytoplasm by
A. DNA molecules
B. ribosomes
C. messenger RNA
D. transfer RNA
28. The structure of messenger RNA is determined
by the structure of
A. ATP
B. ADP
C. DNA
D. Ribosomal RNA
29. In replication of DNA, the helix is opened and
untwisted by
A. ligase
B. helicase
C. polymerase
D. primase

30. What is the function of transfer RNA molecules

in the synthesis of proteins?
A. It
provides
nucleotides
for
the
production of messenger RNA
B. It carries genetic instructions from the
nucleus
C. It is chemically changed into amino
acids
D. It picks up and transport amino acids
to the ribosomes