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ArticleIII:BillofRights|HumanRightsOnlinePhilippines

ArticleIII:BillofRights
1987PHILIPPINECONSTITUTION
ARTICLEIII,BILLOFRIGHTS
Section1.Nopersonshallbedeprivedoflife,liberty,orproperty
withoutdueprocessoflaw,norshallanypersonbedeniedthe
equalprotectionofthelaws.
Section2.Therightofthepeopletobesecureintheirpersons,
houses,papers,andeffectsagainstunreasonablesearchesand
seizuresofwhatevernatureandforanypurposeshallbe
inviolable,andnosearchwarrantorwarrantofarrestshall
issueexceptuponprobablecausetobedeterminedpersonallyby
thejudgeafterexaminationunderoathoraffirmationofthe
complainantandthewitnesseshemayproduce,andparticularly
describingtheplacetobesearchedandthepersonsorthingsto
beseized.
Section3.(1)Theprivacyofcommunicationand
correspondenceshallbeinviolableexceptuponlawfulorderof
thecourt,orwhenpublicsafetyororderrequiresotherwise,as
prescribedbylaw.
(2)Anyevidenceobtainedinviolationofthisorthepreceding
sectionshallbeinadmissibleforanypurposeinanyproceeding.
Section4.Nolawshallbepassedabridgingthefreedomof
speech,ofexpression,orofthepress,ortherightofthepeople
peaceablytoassembleandpetitionthegovernmentforredress
ofgrievances.
Section5.Nolawshallbemaderespectinganestablishmentof
religion,orprohibitingthefreeexercisethereof.Thefreeexercise
andenjoymentofreligiousprofessionandworship,without
discriminationorpreference,shallforeverbeallowed.No
religioustestshallberequiredfortheexerciseofcivilorpolitical
rights.
Section6.Thelibertyofabodeandofchangingthesamewithin
thelimitsprescribedbylawshallnotbeimpairedexceptupon
lawfulorderofthecourt.Neithershalltherighttotravelbe
impairedexceptintheinterestofnationalsecurity,publicsafety,
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orpublichealth,asmaybeprovidedbylaw.
Section7.Therightofthepeopletoinformationonmattersof
publicconcernshallberecognized.Accesstoofficialrecords,
andtodocumentsandpaperspertainingtoofficialacts,
transactions,ordecisions,aswellastogovernmentresearch
datausedasbasisforpolicydevelopment,shallbeaffordedthe
citizen,subjecttosuchlimitationsasmaybeprovidedbylaw.
Section8.Therightofthepeople,includingthoseemployedin
thepublicandprivatesectors,toformunions,associations,or
societiesforpurposesnotcontrarytolawshallnotbeabridged.
Section9.Privatepropertyshallnotbetakenforpublicuse
withoutjustcompensation.
Section10.Nolawimpairingtheobligationofcontractsshallbe
passed.
Section11.Freeaccesstothecourtsandquasijudicialbodies
andadequatelegalassistanceshallnotbedeniedtoanyperson
byreasonofpoverty.
Section12.(1)Anypersonunderinvestigationforthe
commissionofanoffenseshallhavetherighttobeinformedof
hisrighttoremainsilentandtohavecompetentandindependent
counselpreferablyofhisownchoice.Ifthepersoncannotafford
theservicesofcounsel,hemustbeprovidedwithone.These
rightscannotbewaivedexceptinwritingandinthepresenceof
counsel.
(2)Notorture,force,violence,threat,intimidation,oranyother
meanswhichvitiatethefreewillshallbeusedagainsthim.
Secretdetentionplaces,solitary,incommunicado,orother
similarformsofdetentionareprohibited.
(3)Anyconfessionoradmissionobtainedinviolationofthisor
Section17hereofshallbeinadmissibleinevidenceagainsthim.
(4)Thelawshallprovideforpenalandcivilsanctionsfor
violationsofthissectionaswellascompensationtothe
rehabilitationofvictimsoftortureorsimilarpractices,andtheir
families.
Section13.Allpersons,exceptthosechargedwithoffenses
punishablebyreclusionperpetuawhenevidenceofguiltis
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strong,shall,beforeconviction,bebailablebysufficientsureties,
orbereleasedonrecognizanceasmaybeprovidedbylaw.
Therighttobailshallnotbeimpairedevenwhentheprivilegeof
thewritofhabeascorpusissuspended.Excessivebailshallnot
berequired.
Section14.(1)Nopersonshallbeheldtoanswerforacriminal
offensewithoutdueprocessoflaw.
(2)Inallcriminalprosecutions,theaccusedshallbepresumed
innocentuntilthecontraryisproved,andshallenjoytherightto
beheardbyhimselfandcounsel,tobeinformedofthenature
andcauseoftheaccusationagainsthim,tohaveaspeedy,
impartial,andpublictrial,tomeetthewitnessesfacetoface,
andtohavecompulsoryprocesstosecuretheattendanceof
witnessesandtheproductionofevidenceinhisbehalf.However,
afterarraignment,trialmayproceednotwithstandingtheabsence
oftheaccused:Provided,thathehasbeendulynotifiedandhis
failuretoappearisunjustifiable.
Section15.Theprivilegeofthewritofhabeascorpusshallnot
besuspendedexceptincasesofinvasionorrebellion,whenthe
publicsafetyrequiresit.
Section16.Allpersonsshallhavetherighttoaspeedy
dispositionoftheircasesbeforealljudicial,quasijudicial,or
administrativebodies.
Section17.Nopersonshallbecompelledtobeawitness
againsthimself.
Section18.(1)Nopersonshallbedetainedsolelybyreasonof
hispoliticalbeliefsandaspirations.
(2)Noinvoluntaryservitudeinanyformshallexistexceptasa
punishmentforacrimewhereofthepartyshallhavebeenduly
convicted.
Section19.(1)Excessivefinesshallnotbeimposed,norcruel,
degradingorinhumanpunishmentinflicted.Neithershalldeath
penaltybeimposed,unless,forcompellingreasonsinvolving
heinouscrimes,theCongresshereafterprovidesforit.Any
deathpenaltyalreadyimposedshallbereducedtoreclusion
perpetua.
(2)Theemploymentofphysical,psychological,ordegrading
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punishmentagainstanyprisonerordetaineeortheuseof
substandardorinadequatepenalfacilitiesundersubhuman
conditionsshallbedealtwithbylaw.
Section20.Nopersonshallbeimprisonedfordebtornon
paymentofapolltax.
Section21.Nopersonshallbetwiceputinjeopardyof
punishmentforthesameoffense.Ifanactispunishedbyalaw
andanordinance,convictionoracquittalundereithershall
constituteabartoanotherprosecutionforthesameact.
Section22.Noexpostfactolaworbillofattaindershallbe
enacted.

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OnethoughtonArticleIII:BillofRights

samsonplozano
March12,2013at9:36am

Postingcommentsandreminders,tome,is
inappropriateconcernedaction.Sendingrepsto
directlyengagedwiththeMalaysianperpetrators
ismoreproactivemeasuretoensuredeterrence
ontheHRviolationstowardsFilipinosonSabah.
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