Module 4

3D Grid Construction

Make Zones and Layering

Objectives

Isochore processing
Make Zones and Layering process
Stratigraphic intervals
Set parameters for Making zones and Layering
Apply adjustments to well tops
QC results in 3D.

Processes used for 3D Grid Construction

3D Grid Construction
Corner Point Gridding
Structural Gridding

Structural Modeling

Fault Framework Modeling Fault Modeling

Structural Gridding

Structural Framework

Pillar Gridding

Make
Horizons/Zones/Layers
Make
Horions/Zones/Layers

Fault Framework Modeling

Horizon
Modeling

Make Simple
Grid

Make Zones: Process

Allows for further refinement of the vertical resolution
of the 3D grid. Adds isochores, constants, etc. to the
framework to create additional horizons above,
below, and between the original horizons.
Structural Modeling

Fault Modeling

Pillar Gridding

Make Horizons

Make Zones

Layering

Make Zones: Stratigraphic Intervals

1. Set the Stratigraphic interval.
2. Click Append number of zones
and set the input type.
3. Click the Multiple drop icon and insert
the isochores from the Input pane.
4. Input well tops if any.

Make Zones: Zones Tab

Build from

Volume correction

Build along

Top Horizon
Isochores added from top
of interval.

Proportional correction
Splits the error proportionally
into the zones according to
relative thickness.

Vertical Thickness (TVT)

Base Horizon
Isochores added from
base of interval.

Equal correction
Splits the error into equal
proportions for each zone.

Stratigraphic Thickness
(TST)

Both Base and Top

Horizon
Active only if a Rest zone
is defined. (all zones build
towards it)

None correction
Will not make volume
corrections for all zones.

Along Pillar
Use when pillars are close
to vertical.

Make Zones: Settings Tab

Minimum Cell Thickness
Sometimes when gridding thin layers, some cells can be defined to have zero thickness.
To be able to assign values to these cells, toogle ON the option to define a Minimum cell
thickness.
Use min. cell thickness
to collapse all thin cells less
than the given length (project
units) to zero thickness.

No min.cell thickness
Min.cell thickness
Start from Base

Min.cell thickness
Start from Top

Make Zones: Well Adjustment Tab

1. Make sure the well tops are included as input in the

Zones settings.
2. On the Well Adjustment tab, choose Across
segment or Inside segment only. Specify the
influence radius.

3. Click Apply, and move into the next Stratigraphic

interval.

Make Zones: Results

Before

After

Layering: Process
Defines the cells of the 3D grid. It is the final vertical
subdivision of the framework. The layers are part of
the zone but have no direct filter like Zones.
Structural Modeling

Fault Modeling

Pillar Gridding

Make Horizons

Make Zones

Layering

Layering: Settings
1. Set the Zone Division (five types).
2. Specify the number of layers (Proportional), cell thickness
(Follow top/Base), or relative proportions (Fractions).

Proportional

3. (Optional) Input a Reference Surface (e.g., Clinoforms).

Follow Base

Follow Top
Fractions

Follow Base
with Reference

Layering: Results
Types of Zone Division
Follow base
Proportional

Follow top
Fractions
Follow top + using a
depositional surface

Note: It is always a good idea to display edges in 3D to see all

updates before applying the Make Zones and Layering processes.

Local Model Update for Structure

The Local model update adjusts horizons and
layers for selected regions while preserving all
3D properties in all cells.
1. Open the Local model update process and drop in the
polygon defining the area to be updated.
2. Drop in the input data to be used to guide the update
process.
3. Choose the horizons to recalculate and click
Apply.

EXERCISE