REPORT

ON
CONSTRUCTION TOOLS

BY- ANKIT GUPTA 5 TH YR

REPORT
ON
CONSTRUCTION TOOLS

BY AAKASH RANA 5 TH YR

POWER TOOOL
A power tool is a tool that is actuated by an additional power
source and mechanism other than the solely manual labour
used with hand tools. The most common types of power
tools use electric motors. Internal combustion engines and
compressed air are also commonly used. Other power
sources include steam engines, direct burning of fuels and
propellants, or even natural power sources like wind or
moving water. Tools directly driven by animal power are not
generally considered power tools.
Power tools are used in industry, in construction, in the
garden, for housework tasks such as cooking, cleaning, and
around the house for purposes of driving (fasteners), drilling,
cutting, shaping, sanding, grinding, routing, polishing,
painting, heating and more.

Power tools are classified as either stationary or portable,

where portable means hand-held. Portable power tools have
obvious advantages in mobility. Stationary power tools
however often have advantages in speed and accuracy, and
some stationary power tools can produce objects that cannot
be made in any other way. Stationary power tools for
metalworking are usually called machine tools. The term
machine tool is not usually applied to stationary power tools
for woodworking, although such usage is occasionally heard,
and in some cases, such as drill presses and bench
grinders, exactly the same tool is used for both woodworking
and metalworking.

ENERGY SOURCES
Currently an electric motor is the most popular choice to
power stationary tools, though in the past they were powered
by windmills, water wheels and steam. Some museums and
hobbyists still maintain and operate stationary tools powered
these older power sources. Portable electric tools may be
either corded or battery-powered. Compressed air is the
customary power source for nailers and paint sprayers. A
few tools (called powder-actuated tools) are powered by

explosive cartridges. Tools that run on gasoline or gasolineoil mixes are made for outdoor use; typical examples include
most chainsaws and string trimmers. Other tools like
blowtorches will burn their fuel externally to generate heat.
Compressed air is universally used where there is a
possibility of fuel or vapor ignition - such as automotive
workshops. Professional level electric tools differ from DIY or
'consumer' tools by being double insulated and not earthed in fact they must not be earthed for safety reasons.
Safety Prior to the 1930s, power tools were often housed in
cast metal housings. The cast metal housings were heavy,
contributing to repetitive use injuries, as well as conductive often shocking the user. As Henry Ford adapted to the
manufacturing needs of World War II, he requested that A.
H. Peterson, a tool manufacturer, create a lighter electric drill
that was more portable for his assembly line workers. At this
point, the Hole-Shooter, a drill that weighed 5 lbs. was
created by A. H. Peterson. The Peterson Company
eventually went bankrupt after a devastating fire and
recession, but the company was auctioned off to A. F.
Siebert, a former partner in the Peterson Company, in 1924
and became the Milwaukee Electric Tool Company.
In the early 30's, companies started to experiment with
housings of thermoset polymer plastics. In 1956, under the
influence of Dr. Hans Erich Slany, Robert Bosch GmbH was
one of the first companies to introduce a power tool housing
made of glass filled nylon.

Impact driver
Air compressor
Alligator shear
Angle grinder
Bandsaw
Belt sander
Biscuit joiner
Brushcutter
Ceramic tile cutter
Chainsaw
Circular saw
Concrete saw
Cold saw
Crusher
Diamond blade
Diamond tools
Disc sander
Drill
Floor sander
Food Processor
Grinding machine
Heat gun
Hedgecutter
Impact wrench
Iron
Jackhammer

Jointer
Jigsaw
Knitting Machine

IMPACT DRIVER
An impact driver is a manual or power tool that delivers a
strong, sudden rotational and downward force. In conjunction
with toughened screwdriver bits and socket sets, they are
often used by mechanics to loosen larger screws (bolts) and
nuts that are corrosively "frozen" or over-torqued. The
direction can also be reversed for situations where screws
have to be tightened with torque greater than a screwdriver
can reasonably provide.

Manual impact drivers consist of a heavy outer sleeve that

surrounds an inner core that is splined to it. The spline is
curved so that when the user strikes the outer sleeve with a
hammer, its downward force works on the spline to produce
turning force on the core and any socket or work bit attached
to it. The tool translates the heavy rotational inertia of the
sleeve to the lighter core to generate large amounts of
torque. At the same time, the striking blow from the hammer
forces the impact driver down into the screw reducing or
eliminating cam out. This attribute is most beneficial for
Phillips screws which normally cam out as part of their
design. It is also excellent for use with the Robertson square
socket head screws that are in common use in Canada. It is
less beneficial for slot head screws and is not beneficial at all
for most other types.

Impact driver guide set with bits

Powered impact drivers use a motor or compressed air to

rapidly and repeatedly deliver rotational and impact forces,
providing considerable speed and productivity advantages.
They are often used in construction and manufacturing to
replace screwdrivers where speed and operator fatigue are
significant issues. In some situations however, this type falls
short since current designs cannot deliver as much
downward blow as a manual unit. This can be especially true
on very stubbornly stuck fasteners, or screws (particularly
Phillips) with damaged/"stripped" head slots.
These are not to be confused with the impact wrench, which
is a tool powered by a motor or compressed air, with a
similar name and function. These also use a rotary
hammering action to apply torque to fasteners. The
difference is that impact wrenches do not provide the
downward force and the related additional engagement that
impact drivers offer as mentioned above; otherwise the two
tools operate in essentially the same fashion mechanically.
However, while there is considerable functional overlap, they
are not interchangeable; each is particularly well-suited to
certain tasks for which the other would be a poor choice.

DIAMOND TOOL
A diamond tool is a cutting tool with diamond grains fixed
on the functional parts of the tool via a bonding material or
another method. As diamond is a superhard material,
diamond tools have many advantages as compared with
tools made with common abrasives such as corundum and
silicon carbide.
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JIGSAW
A jigsaw power tool is a jigsaw made up of an electric
motor and a reciprocating saw blade.
A jigsaw with a bevel function on the sole plate allows
cutting angles of typically up to 45 degrees relative to
the normal vertical stroke for cutting miter joints.
In the past, what are now usually called scroll saws
were often referred to as jigsaws.

 A power jigsaw may also be referred to, by some

manufacturers, as a "bayonet saw" or sabre saw.

1
A jackhammer (pneumatic drill or demolition

hammer in British English) is a pneumatic or electromechanical tool that combines a hammer directly with a
chisel. It was invented by Charles Brady King.
Hand-held jackhammers are typically powered by
compressed air, but some use electric motors.
Larger jackhammers, such as rig mounted hammers
used on construction machinery, are usually
hydraulically powered. They are usually used to break
up rock, pavement, and concrete.
A jackhammer operates by driving an internal hammer
up and down. The hammer is first driven down to strike
the back of the bit and then back up to return the
hammer to the original position to repeat the cycle. The

bit usually recovers from the stroke by means of a

spring. The effectiveness of the jackhammer is
dependent on how much force is applied to the tool.
In British English electromechanical versions are
colloquially known as "Kangos".

DRILL
A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving
tool attachment, usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for boring
holes in various materials or fastening various materials

together with the use of fasteners. The attachment is gripped

by a chuck at one end of the drill and rotated while pressed
against the target material. The tip, and sometimes edges, of
the cutting tool does the work of cutting into the target
material. This may be slicing off thin shavings (twist drills or
auger bits), grinding off small particles (oil drilling), crushing
and removing pieces of the workpiece (SDS masonry drill),
countersinking, counterboring, or other operations.
Drills are commonly used in woodworking, metalworking,
construction and do-it-yourself projects. Specially designed
drills are also used in medicine, space missions and other
applications. Drills are available with a wide variety of
performance characteristics, such as power and capacity.
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NAIL GUN
A nail gun, nailgun or nailer is a type of tool used to drive
nails into wood or some other kind of material. It is usually
driven by electromagnetism, compressed air (pneumatic),
highly flammable gases such as butane or propane, or, for
powder-actuated tools, a small explosive charge. Nail guns
have in many ways replaced hammers as tools of choice
among builders.
The first nail gun used air pressure and was introduced to
the market in 1950 to speed the construction of housing floor
sheathing and sub-floors. With the original nail gun the
operator used it while standing and could nail 40-60 nails a
minute and had a capacity of 400-600 nails.