Stresses and Deformation

[Axial Load]
Lectures #5-7
References:
Beer, F.P. et al. (2011) Mechanics of materials. 6th Ed. SI. McGraw-Hill.
Hibbeler, R.C. (2011) Mechanics of materials. 8th Ed. Prentice Hall.

Procedure for Analysis v2.1

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples

Internal

FBD
Use equilibrium equations
Determine load case
Use superposition method

Deformation

Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems

Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example

Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

resultant loading

DD
Determine geometric case
Use superposition method
Interpret based on the relative displacement

Stresses

and Strains
Design for required section (apply FS)

Summary

Design/Analyze statically determinate axially loaded members

Problem 5.1 Axial Displacement

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example

Given the following

material properties:
E = 200 Gpa
AAB = 600 mm2
ABD = 1200 mm2
Determine the vertical
displacement at end A
and the displacement
of B with respect to C

Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

Summary

Design/Analyze statically determinate axially loaded members

Problem 5.2 Axial Displacement

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example
Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

Given the following

material properties:
Aluminum tube AB
Aal = 400 mm2
Eal = 70 Gpa
Steel rod
d = 10 mm
Erod = 200 Gpa
Determine the
displacement of the
end C of the rod

Summary

Design/Analyze statically determinate axially loaded members

Problem 5.3 Axial Displacement

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example

The rigid bar AB is

supported by the pinconnected rod CB that
has a cross-sectional
area of 500 mm2 and is
made of A-36 steel.
Determine the vertical
displacement of the
bar at B when the load
is applied

Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

Summary

Design/Analyze statically determinate axially loaded members

Problem 5.4 Axial Displacement

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example
Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

Summary

Design/Analyze statically determinate axially loaded members

Rigid bar AB rests on

the two short posts. AC
is made of steel and has
a diameter of 20mm,
and BD is made of
aluminum and has a
diameter of 40mm.
Determine the
displacement of point F
on AB if vertical load of
90 kN is applied over
this point.
Est = 200 Gpa
Eal = 70 GPa
6

Procedure for Analysis v2.2

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples

Internal

Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example

Summary

FBD. Check for indeterminacy

Use equilibrium equations
Determine load case
Use superposition method

Deformation

Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems

Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

resultant loading

/ Compatibility

DD. Set-up compatibility equation as needed*

Determine geometric case
Use superposition method
Interpret based on the relative displacement

Stresses

and Strains
Design for required section (apply FS)
*Relate the deformations and the forces
7

Problem 6.1 Statically Indeterminate

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example
Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

The steel rod shown has a diameter of 10 mm. It is fixed

to the wall at A, and before it is loaded, there is a gap of
0.2 mm between the wall at B and the rod. Determine
the reactions at A and B if the rod is subjected to an axial
force of P = 20kN as shown. Neglect the size of the
collar at C. Take Est = 200 GPa

Summary

Design/Analyze statically indeterminate axially loaded members

Problem 6.2 Statically Indeterminate

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example
Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

The three A-36 steel bars

shown are pin connected to a
rigid member. If the applied
load on the member is 15 kN,
draw the displacement
diagram (label your figure
appropriately) and write your
compatibility equation/s
Given that the Bars AB and EF
each have a cross-sectional
area of 50 mm2 and bar CD
has a cross-sectional area of
30 mm2, determine the force
developed in each bar.

Summary

Design/Analyze statically indeterminate axially loaded members

Problem 7.1 Thermal Effects

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae
Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example
Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

= 23 106 /
= 12 106 /
Note that the coefficient of thermal expansion of sleeve is greater than
the bolt, hence it can be assumed that the bolt is in tension (to
counteract the expansion of the sleeve)

Summary

Determine the stresses and/or strains caused by change in temperature

10

Summary
Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review

Mechanics of Materials - relate the external forces with the internal state
External
Internal State
Loading
Stress
Strain
Deformation

Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle

Axial or Normal

Elastic Displacement
Formulae

Shear

Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example
Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

Summary

(plates and
connections)

not discussed

Moment: Flexure
Bending

Transverse Shear
(beams)

Moment: Torsion
Torsion

Special Case: Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels

11

Problem 7.2 Homework

Lecture 5
Axially loaded:
Determinate Systems
Review
Assumption:
Saint-Venants Principle
Elastic Displacement
Formulae

Steel bar AB is connected to L-shaped rigid bar

BCD. The system is subjected to a change of
temperature equal to 40oC. Determine the
displacement of point D if a force P equal to
100kN is applied simultaneously.

Procedure
for Analysis v2.1 and
Examples
Lecture 6
Axially loaded:
Indeterminate Systems
Procedure
For Analysis 2.2 and
Example

Steel bar prop.

A = 1000mm2
= 12(10-6)/C
E = 200 GPa
Verify that
= 200 kN

Lecture 7
Thermal Effects

Summary

Determine the stresses and/or strains caused by change in temperature

12