1.

Hot concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with copper metal as follows:

Cu + 2 H2SO4 ---> CuSO4(g) + SO2 + 2 H2O
Excess hot concentrated sulfuric acid is allowed to react with 0.250 gram of copper until all of
the copper is used up.
(a) According to the reaction above, what volume of sulfur dioxide measured at 27 °C and 70.0
centimeters mercury is produced?
(b) How many grams of H2SO4 remains in the mixture after reaction is complete, if 10.0
milliliters of sulfuric acid, 98.0 per cent H2SO4 by weight and density 1.84 grams per milliliter,
is used?
2. A solution is prepared by mixing equal quantities of a solution of hydrochloric acid and of a
0.40-molar aqueous solution of calcium acetate Ca(C2H3O2)2. The pH of the resulting solution is
5.00. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of the following ions in the solution: acetate,
chloride, hydronium, hydroxide, and calcium. The Ka for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10¯5.
3. Consider the hypothetical reaction:
A(g) <===> B(g) + C(g)
The equilibrium constant K (for the reaction) is 2.5 at 25°C when all concentrations are
expressed as moles per liter. When a sample of A is injected into a previously evacuated
0.10-liter container at 25°C, it is found that 0.100 mole of B is present after equilibrium is
established.

(a) How many moles of A were originally injected into the container?
(b) What is the per cent dissociation of A in the equilibrium mixture?

Questions 4 - 13 are not available.

14. Comment on the structure of the dichlorotetramminechromium(III) ion.
15. What experimental evidence can you cite which supports the conclusion that colloidal
particles often carry electrical charges?
16. A binary compound XY2 has a relatively high dipole moment. Comment on possible
configurations of the molecule and on the bonds involved.
17. The occurrence of helium on the Sun was spectrographically determined in 1868, long before
its discovery on Earth. Was it reasonable to accept the existence of an element which was then
unkown on Earth? Justify your answer.
18. Define oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer. Illustrate your answer by
reference to the reactions which take place between the following pairs of substances in aqueous
solutions:

(a) Iodine and hydrogen sulfide

(b) Bromine and iron(II) sulfate

19. In an ideal solution, what is the effect of a solute on the vapor pressure of the solvent?
20. Consider the melting points of the following substances:
Substance Melting point
Iron 1535 °C
Carbon (diamond) 3600 °C
Hydrogen -259 °C
Cesium iodide 621°C
Hydrogen chloride -115 °C
Hydrogen fluoride -83 °C
Account for these melting points in terms of the attractive forces present in these solids.
21. Reaction kinetics include the study of reaction rates and the factors which influence rates.

(a) Explain what is meant by the rate of a chemical reaction, and discuss the
principal factors which determine rate.
(b) Substance C(g) can be produced from A(g) and B(g). The rate-determining step
is A(g) + B(g) ---> C(g). What is the rate equation for this reaction? How could you
verify this rate equation in the laboratory?