Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files:
Blue
nd
Diamo
2010 The Old Schoolhouse Magazine, LLC

P.O. Box 8426, Gray, TN 37615
Printed in the United States of America
All rights reserved
Project Manager: Heidi Strawser

Research Assistants: Heather Schwarzen, Regenia Spoerndle, Kimberly Leui Kovach,
Brenda Emmett, Michelle Smith, Denise Opper, Ginny Donahue, Laura Clark, Lori Lynn Lydell,
April Elstrom, Stephanie Ruby, Laura ONeill, Wendy Hilton, Renee Walker, and Elizabeth Brandt
editor: Karen Sargent, http://bensrib.blogspot.com
Cover LAYOUT: Jodie McCaffrey
Cover Illustrator: Kim Sponaugle, www.picturekitchenstudio.com
Copywork Design: Virginia Donahue, www.homeschoolblogger.com/proverbsfamily
Copywork Font: Downhill Publishing
GRAPHIC DESIGNER: Molly Brew
Unless otherwise noted, all Scriptural references contained in this E-Book are taken from the King James Version of
the Bible.
This published work may contain facts, views, opinions, statements, recommendations, hyperlinks, references, Web sites,
advertisements, and other content and links or references to external sources (collectively, Content) not owned or
controlled by the publisher, The Old Schoolhouse Magazine, LLC (TOS). This Content does not necessarily reflect the
views, opinions, or recommendations of TOS, and any reliance upon such Content is taken at the users sole risk. TOS and
the individual contributors have made reasonable efforts to include accurate, current, family-friendly Content, but TOS
makes no warranties or representations as to the accuracy, safety, or value of Content contained, published, displayed,
uploaded, downloaded, or distributed through or as part of this publication and assumes no liability or responsibility for
the content of linked or referenced sources or for errors or omissions in Content. Users are advised that online content and
the users experience may change during use or over time and are strongly advised to use discernment and wisdom when
considering advice and recommendations made in this or any other published work. TOS accepts no responsibility for the
actions of third parties or for Content provided, uploaded, linked, or posted by third parties.
Note to Parents: Remember that Internet site content can change overnight. Please check the sites that you plan to use
before your child visits them in the study. Some of the videos in this study are hosted by YouTube and include Google ads
that cannot be completely avoided. These ads can be hidden by clicking on the X in the upper-right corner of the ad banner.
The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond
www.TheHomeschoolMagazine.com
Table of Contents
Introduction.........................................................................................................................5
Everything You Never Wanted to Know
About the Blue Diamond................................................................................................6
Diamond Shapes...........................................................................................................9
Diamond Anatomy...................................................................................................14
Lets See How Much Youve Learned......................................................................15
In the Beginning.............................................................................................................21
Figure It Out....................................................................................................................24
Blue Diamond Colors...............................................................................................24
Blue Diamond Bar Graph......................................................................................25
Greater Than/Less Than........................................................................................25
Weights..........................................................................................................................26
Measurement (lower grades)................................................................................27
Measurement (grades 5-8)..................................................................................28
Blue Diamond Word Problems............................................................................29
Money Matters...........................................................................................................31
Blue Diamond Prices...............................................................................................31
Shapes...........................................................................................................................32
The Write Stuff...............................................................................................................33
The Mystery of Blue Diamonds...........................................................................33
Write an Essay...........................................................................................................35
Spelling and Vocabulary..............................................................................................37
Elementary Word List.............................................................................................37
Junior High/High School Word List...................................................................38
Spelling Activities (elementary)..........................................................................39
Spelling Activities (middle/high school)...........................................................40
Word Search...............................................................................................................41
Crossword....................................................................................................................42
Just For Fun................................................................................................................43
Copywork.....................................................................................................................44
In the Lab..........................................................................................................................54
Geology..........................................................................................................................54
Rock Cycle in Action..........................................................................................56
What Makes Up Sedimentary Rock?............................................................58
Mineral Collection Page.....................................................................................59
Good Old Days.................................................................................................................60
Where in the World?.....................................................................................................63
Lets Get Creative...........................................................................................................65
Buried Treasure.........................................................................................................65
Blue Diamond Thinking of You Card............................................................66
Blue Diamond Ring..................................................................................................67
Blue Diamond Jewelry Box...................................................................................68
Diamond Dog/Doll Necklace.................................................................................69
Coloring Page..............................................................................................................70
Hands-On Learning......................................................................................................71
The Curiosity Fact Files................................................................................................75
Snippet #1: What Makes a Diamond?.............................................................77
Snippet #2: The Four Cs.......................................................................................79
Music Mania......................................................................................................................81
Read All About It...........................................................................................................82
Wanna Learn More?......................................................................................................83
Answer Keys.....................................................................................................................84
Lets See How Much Youve Learned.................................................................84
Diamond Anatomy...................................................................................................85
Matching.......................................................................................................................85
Greater Than/Less Than........................................................................................85
Weights..........................................................................................................................86
Measurement..............................................................................................................86
Blue Diamond Word Problems............................................................................86
Blue Diamond Prices...............................................................................................86
Spelling Activities (elementary)..........................................................................87
Spelling Activities (middle/high school)...........................................................87
Word Search...............................................................................................................88
Crossword....................................................................................................................88
Rock Cycle Answers.................................................................................................89
Time Line.....................................................................................................................89
INTRODUCTION
Ana Lyze.
or
ss
fe
ro
P
m
I
.
lf
se
ce my
Allow me to introdu
great lab spies.
y
m
ot
n
t
u
b
,
ic
tr
n
t Im ecce
Some might say tha
l, and bizarre.
a
m
or
n
b
a
e
th
,
re
u
sc
ecialize in the ob
sp
I
d
n
a
m
a
te
h
one a star.
rc
a
ch
ea
e
k
a
My rese
m
d
n
a
s,
ie
it
seas for these odd
d
n
a
d
n
la
h
rc
a
se
e
W
ems, and more,
g
e
u
iq
n
u
s,
se
ea
is
d
rare
Outlandish insects,
never seen before!
e
v
ou
y
t
a
th
on
ti
ea
ods cr
There are things in G
nd otherwise,
fi
er
ev
n
d
ey
th
s
ct
je
ildren about sub
ch
te
ca
u
ed
to
is
l
me exercise.
oa
so
s
d
in
Our g
m
r
ei
th
e
iv
g
g creatively and
in
k
in
th
em
th
et
g
o
T
gs some smiles,
n
ri
b
it
e
op
h
d
n
a
g
n
this offeri
es.
So we present to you
h The Curiosity Fil
As you read, learn,
and researc
e
z
y
L
a
n
A
r
o
s
s
e
Prof
Everything You Never

Wanted to Know
About the Blue Diamond . . .
Blue diamonds? I thought all diamonds were clear.
Isnt that what makes them diamonds, after all?
When we think of specific gemstones, the colors are usually a tip to what those
gems are. Blue is for sapphires, red is for rubies, green is for emeralds, and on
and on. But to understand the difference between a diamond and a sapphire,
or a ruby and an emerald, you first have to understand what a gem actually is.
Okay. So what is a gem?
A gemstone is a rock made of specific materials under special circumstances.
Just like a sedimentary rock is formed of layers and layers of limestone,
quartz, or sandstone building up over time and solidifying, a gemstone is also
created from certain things combining and becoming a solid mass that can be
classified as a whole new thing.
Whoa! Thats kind of confusing.
Actually, its no more confusing than baking a cake. Say you want to make a
chocolate cake. You would need eggs, flour, sugar, butter, baking soda, and
cocoa powder. When you combine all of those ingredients, you have a batter.
You cant see the eggs or the butter anymoretheyre all part of the liquidy
batter. Now for the big change! Put your batter in the oven, and what comes
out? A cake! But you didnt start with a cake, right?
Well, no. You start with the eggs and flour and other ingredients.
Right! Its the same way with rocksall rocks. And gemstones are just rare
rocks, really. They are formed of specific ingredients and then baked in different ways with the end result being something beautiful.
Okay. But what does that have to do with blue diamonds?

Well, as I said, when you think blue and gem you usually think sapphires.
But blue diamonds are not sapphires. Sapphires are made from aluminum and
oxygen (-Al2O3). Diamonds are made from carbon (C). In scientific terms
they are two very, very different things. One is basically a chocolate cake . . .
and the other is a lemon cake.
I get it! Even though theyre both gems,
and theyre both blue, thats where the
similarities end.
Right. All diamonds are made of carbon,
and blue diamonds are no different.
What gives them their color, though,
is the addition of the element boron
to that carbon. Going back to our cake
analogy, its something along the lines
of tossing a handful of white chocolate
chips into your chocolate cake batter; the end result is still a chocolate cake,
but now it has some yummy bits of white chocolate baked in.
So when the boron mixes with the carbon, it makes the forming diamond
turn blue?
Yes. As a matter of fact, there are many different color variations within
the diamond family. There are brown, yellow, green, black, white, pink, violet,
orange, purple, and even red diamonds. All are formed by
other elements coming into contact with carbon as
the diamond is being formed.
So how is a diamond formed?
It takes three things to make a diamond: carbon,
pressure, and heat. Deep within the earths mantle
(generally more than 150 km/93 miles), carbon is squeezed between the
layers of the planets crust and core. The heat and pressure literally cook the
carbon over a long period of time, changing it from a gas or dust into solid rock.
Once it has become a solid, the only way for a

newly formed diamond to make its way to the
surface is to ride along the magma subway of
an erupting volcano. Since volcanoes have been
erupting pretty much since God made the earth,
a lot of those ancient eruptions have been buried. So people hunting for diamonds dont stake
out volcanoes that are erupting right now. Instead, they look for old volcano sites. By digging in the hardened magma and exploring the
area surrounding the site, they can uncover the
diamonds that are deposited there.
Today, diamonds are mined in over 27 countries around the globe. They were
first discovered in India, but Africa is now known as the continent with the
largest deposits of diamonds. Hundreds of millions of dollars are spent each
year searching for these elusive stones.
Once theyre unearthed, the diamonds are cleaned, cut, and polished. All of
these steps are performed by professionals with lots of experience working
with the stones. Theyre the ones who decide whether to divide a large, heavy
rock into several smaller ones
weighing less, and what shape
the diamonds should be when
theyre finished. Diamonds
are weighed in carats, and
their shape is known as the
cut.
You can learn more about
diamonds and their different shapes on the following
page.
Diamond Shapes
Round Brilliant - The Round Brilliant is the modern version of the Round which has
been refined for maximum shine. The modern round brilliant diamond consists of
56-58 facets.
Asscher - A square cut similar to an emerald with step facets; however, it is more
square rather then rectangular shaped. Like the emerald, it has clipped corners.
Oval - Most oval diamonds are like a squashed round brillianta modification of the
round brilliant cut.
Princess - A square cut diamond that has refractive properties almost near round
brilliant. The princess is the preferred square cut shape over Radiant and Asscher.
Cushion - A four sided deep square or rectangle cut with rounded edges and large
facetsit has a cushioned shaped girdle.
Emerald - A rectangular or square shaped cut with truncated corners and stepped
facets, typically parallel to the girdle. The emerald cut diamond reflects less light
than the standard brilliant cuts and needs to be of the highest quality as any inclusions can be visible.
Radiant - Popular before the Princess shape was around, the Radiant has more
facets than a Princess, but has the corners trimmed like the Emerald shape. This
shape is not widely popular.
Heart - Essentially a pear-shaped diamond with a cleft at the top containing 59
facets.
Marquise - The Marquise shape is like a long oval which has been stretched out to
a point at each end.
Pear - The Pear shape diamond is shaped in a tear drop shape. The stone is pointed
at one end and round at the other. Ideally cut pear shapes have 58 facets.
Old Miners - The Old Miners is similar to a modern Cushion, though its less than
precise faceting yields a more random flash pattern. Both are sought after by
vintage jewelry collectors.
Cutting a diamond requires experience, artistry, and precision. Each individual facet must
be precisely carved and placed in a symmetrical pattern to capture and reflect light brilliantly. Watch this video to learn more about how light refracts.
Unlike the sedimentary rocks we mentioned earlier, diamonds are relatively

rare. Colored diamonds are even more rare than the clear ones. Its estimated
that for every 10,000 clear diamonds, the earth produces one colored one.
Thats why real, colored diamonds are considered so preciousthey are hard
to find and theres a limited supply.
Real colored diamonds? Does that mean that some arent real?
By real, I mean made in nature. Some diamonds today are made in laboratories. Scientists have discovered a process that creates stones very similar to
the ones mined from the earth. To an untrained observer, these stones are
identical to the real thing.
Why would you want to do that?
Because blue diamonds are so rare, the average person cannot afford to buy
a real one. The supply of artificial diamonds is only limited by the manufacturers ability to turn them out, so the price is much lower. That means that
pretty much anyone can own a lab-created blue diamond.
Then theres also the technological application of diamonds. Researchers have
found that the properties of diamonds are very useful. They are extremely
hard, and they also focus light very well. Everyone from computer manufacturers to military contractors is interested in diamonds.
10
So what makes blue diamonds, in particular, so valuable?

Blue diamonds in general arent necessarily more expensive than other colored
diamonds. But they are among some of the more fabled gems in history. People
have been using rare stones in jewelry and ornaments since nearly the beginning of recorded time. In the book of Genesis, its clear that the custom has
already been firmly established when Abrahams servant goes in search of a
wife for Isaac: And the servant brought forth jewels of silver, and
jewels of gold, and raiment, and gave them to Rebekah: he gave
also to her brother and to her mother precious things. (Genesis 24:53) Scholars say that this jewelry would have been
studded with precious stones. Throughout history, there are
tales of the crown jewels of kings and queens and the treasure hordes of great raiding nations. Some of those stories
just happen to feature blue diamonds.
Such as?
For a truly royal blue diamond tale, look to Der Blaue Wittelsbacher, also
known as the Wittelsbach Diamond. In 1664, King Philip IV of Spain purchased
the 35.56-carat jewel for inclusion
in the dowry of his daughter, the
beautiful Margaret Theresa. She
married the Holy Roman Emperor
Leopold I. The Wittelsbach remained in the family line until 1722,
when their granddaughter, Maria
Amalia, married Charles VII, who
also became Holy Roman Emperor.
The blue diamond later became a
prominent feature in the crown
The Wittelsbac
of Bavaria (which was held by the
h Diamond with
a picture of
Infanta Margarit
a
Te
re
sa
Wittelsbachs) until 1918, when it was lost in
the aftermath of World War I. The jewel eventually
resurfaced and has been held in private collections. It was sold most recently
in December of 2008 for a record $23.4 million.
11
Thats one famous diamond!

If you visit the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., youll find the most famous blue diamond of all time on display. It is
known as the Hope Diamond, but thats just its latest moniker. The Hope Diamond started as the Tavernier Blue Diamond, which was named for the French
merchant-traveler who sold it to King Louis XIV in 1669. Tavernier had supposedly obtained the diamond during his travels throughout India; some say
that it was stolen from a massive statue in a Hindu temple, where it had served
as the eye of a goddess. Wherever this blue diamond came from, it was big.
The Tavernier Blue Diamond weighed 115 carats. To help you understand how
huge that is, consider this: Most diamonds mounted in engagement rings are
between .25 carat and .5 carat. The Tavernier, in other words, was a whopper!
Louis XIV had a tie-pin in mind when he bought the Tavernier Blue Diamond. He
had his court jeweler work on the stone, and the end result was the 67-carat
French Blue. (History doesnt say what happened to the smaller pieces of the
Tavernier Blue Diamond.) The French Blue was handed down along with the
crown, eventually ending up in the treasury of Marie Antoinette and her husband, King Louis XVI. During the French
Revolution, thieves made off with the
crown jewels, and the French Blue was
lost.
nian
at the Smithso
ond on display
am
Di
C.
pe
D.
Ho
e
Th
ashington,
al History in W
ur
at
N
of
m
eu
Mus
Twenty years later, however, a new,

45.52-carat blue diamond appeared
in the catalog of possessions of London merchant Daniel Eliason. Recent
computer-aided research has concluded that this diamond was, in fact,
cut from the French Blue. In 1839, it
passed into the collection of Henry
Philip Hope and became known as the
Hope Diamond.
12
The diamond moved through the hands of many wealthy collectors over the
next 110 years. Some of these people treasured the diamond, keeping it in
locked vaults, while others treated it as a showpiece. One socialite was said
to drape the necklace containing the Hope Diamond around her dogs neck as
a collar. Another even lost the diamond regularly, and made a hide-and-seek
game out of finding it during parties! It ended up in the Smithsonians collection after its last owner, diamond merchant Harry Winston, sent it to the
Institution in a plain, brown bag through the U.S. mail. Talk about a special
delivery!
Those are some amazing diamond stories . . . especially when you consider
that its really just a rock were talking about.
Its true! Blue diamonds really are just very pretty, very fancy rocks. God
could have stopped with the plain gray stones we see everywhere we look. But
He loves beauty almost as much as He loves us. So He took the time to create something extra-special for us to find and enjoy. Blue diamonds are just
another little gift from our Creator!
13
Diamond Anatomy
Diameter - The width of the diamond as measured through the girdle.

Table - The flat top and largest facet of a gemstone.
Crown - The top portion of a diamond extending from the girdle to the table.
Girdle - The narrow band around the widest part of a diamond.
Pavilion - The bottom portion of a diamond, extending from the girdle to the

point of the stone.
Culet - The facet at the tip of a gemstone. The preferred culet is not visible

with the unaided eye (graded medium or none).
Depth - The height of a gemstone measured from the culet to the table.
14
Lets See How Much Youve Learned . . .

1.

Which element gives blue diamonds their bluish tint?

nitrogen
helium
boron
aluminum
2. It takes three things to make a diamond: _________, pressure, and heat.

3. Name three possible diamond colors.

______________________________________________________
4.

Diamonds form in the earths:

crust
mantle
core
magma
5. True / False: Diamonds are currently mined in more than 27 countries.

6.

Diamonds were initially discovered in:

India
South Africa
Bavaria
France
7. Diamonds are weighed in __________.

8. True / False: The average diamond mounted in an engagement ring today is

about 35 carats.
15
9. The shape of a finished diamond is known as its:

carbon

cut

shape

carat
10. True / False: For every clear diamond produced, there are 10,000 colored

ones.
11. Describe how diamonds make it to the earths surface.

______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
12. The Wittelsbach Diamond was part of the ________________ crown.

French

Hindu

English

Bavarian
13. The Hope Diamond is on display where?

United States

France

Africa

India
14. In the Bible, who gave Rebekah jewelry?

Isaac

Abrahams servant

her brothers

Abraham
16
15. The Tavernier Blue Diamond weighed how many carats?

______________________________________________________
16. Who were the last French rulers to own the French Blue?

______________________________________________________
17. During which war was the Wittelsbach Diamond lost?

The French Revolution

World War II

The American Revolution

World War I
18. How big is the Hope Diamond?

______________________________________________________
19. What did Louis XIV have the Tavernier Blue Diamond set into?

a tie-pin

the Bavarian crown

the French crown

a dog collar
20. One story says that the Tavernier Diamond was stolen from a:

king

treasury

Hindu temple

volcano
21. Describe the treatment of the Hope Diamond in the hands of some of its

more careless owners.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________
17
22. How did the Hope Diamond arrive at the Smithsonian Institution?

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________
Label the parts of a diamond (refer to page 14).
18
Matching
Marquise
Princess
Heart
Old Miners
Asscher
Pear
Radiant
Cushion
Round Brilliant
Oval
Emerald
19
FOR OLDER LEARNERS:

1. We talked about how the element boron gives blue diamonds their color.
Research the elements that give hue to other colored diamonds.
2. Modern diamond mining is big business, and has resulted in a brutal environment in war-torn areas of the African continent. Research how the diamond
industry and international governments have tried to ensure that trade in
diamonds isnt adding fuel to the fire.
(Parents, please review links)
http://www.un.org/peace/africa/Diamond.html
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/06/14/eveningnews/main296716.shtml
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_diamond
3. We mentioned the technological applications being explored for diamonds.
In 2008, the worlds first diamond laser was built. Research why it was
built, by whom, and where the technology has gone now.
http://www.sciencealert.com.au/news/20081212-18573-4.html
20
In
the
Beginning
And now, Lord, what wait I for? my hope is in thee. (Psalm 39:7)
Blue Diamonds are the rarest, highest quality of diamond found in nature. Because of their rarity, they are one of the most expensive and highly treasured
jewels on earth. Most blue diamonds for sale today are actually color-treated
clear diamonds of the highest clarity. Created through a heat treatment process to enhance their color, these diamonds are still extremely valuable in todays market. Their brilliant sparkle is greater than blue sapphire and, because
they are diamonds, they are harder and more durable than any other gemstone.
The Hope Diamond, donated in 1958 to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., is the most famous and valuable of blue diamonds in the world.
Although its known history spans over 341 years of ownership, trading hands
from merchants to kings to an American woman, its beauty, clarity, and quality
remain intact with no imperfections visible to the naked eye.
Gods Word has much to say about hope, strength, and treasure. As we look at
these verses, consider how Gods creation of diamonds can lead us to consider
these attributes of our heavenly Father and His Word.
1. Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which according to his
abundant mercy hath begotten us again unto a lively hope by the resurrection of
Jesus Christ from the dead, To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and
that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you, Who are kept by the power of
God through faith unto salvation ready to be revealed in the last time. (I Peter
1:3-5)
According to this Scripture, what type of hope do we have? Why is it a living
hope? How is this different than hope we might experience from other circumstances? How secure is this hope? Why would God want us to have such hope for
our lives? What difference does this knowledge make for you when you are facing
difficult circumstances?
21
2. Who by him do believe in God, that raised him up from the dead, and gave him
glory; that your faith and hope might be in God. (I Peter 1:21)
Where does our hope as Christians come from? How do we know that having faith
and hope in God is worthwhile? How does understanding this fact make a difference in your life everyday? During difficult circumstances? When bringing comfort to others?
Blue Diamonds, like all diamonds, are the hardest gemstones on earth. Their
strength adds to their beauty because they cannot be easily damaged or changed.
God teaches us about true spiritual strength in His Word through verses like
the ones listed below.
3. But they that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength; they shall mount
up with wings as eagles; they shall run, and not be weary; and they shall walk, and
not faint. (Isaiah 40:31)
Where does our strength to meet lifes challenges come from? How steady is this
strength? What does God compare this inner strength to? Will Gods strength
always be enough for us to help us through our lives?
4. There hath no temptation taken you but such as is common to man; but God is
faithful, who will not suffer you to be tempted above that ye are able; but will
with the temptation also make a way to escape, that ye may be able to bear it.
(ICorinthians 10:13)
When we are faced with temptations, what should we do according to these
verses? What promise of God does Paul remind the Corinthians and us to consider? What assurance do these verses offer us to ensure God will help us face
temptation successfully?
5. And he answering said, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and
with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind; and thy neighbour as thyself. (Luke 10:27)
How much of ourselves should we dedicate to our worship of God? How would
your life be different if you could fulfill this commandment of Jesus?
22
Blue Diamonds are the highest quality of diamondrare and therefore extremely
valuable; a true treasure. God teaches us His meaning of treasure in His Word.
Study these verses to understand the difference between earthly treasure and
heavenly treasure.
6. Sell that ye have, and give alms; provide yourselves bags which wax not old, a
treasure in the heavens that faileth not, where no thief approacheth, neither
moth corrupteth. For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also. (Luke
12:33-34)
What does Jesus teach we should do with our earthly treasures? Why is this
different from what the world/society teaches? Why does Jesus want us to give
away our earthly treasures? What is heavenly treasure? Why would we want to
store up heavenly treasure? What do you treasure the most? How is this demonstrated in your life? Do you think your heart/passion is the same as what God
would treasure? Why or why not?
7. Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye
shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine:
(Exodus 19:5)
What does God tell us His
treasure is? Why would He
know what true treasure
is? What needs to happen
for God to count His people
as treasure? What does it
mean to you to know you
are Gods treasure?
23
Figure it Out
Blue Diamond Colors
Blue diamonds are rare. They have many shades of blue. Go throughout your
house looking for 20 blue things having different shades. Compare all your
blue crayons to the blue items and write down their color names. If none of
your crayons look like the right blue, make up your own color name. For example, my eyes are the exact color of Lake Zurich in Switzerland, so I call that
color Zurichsee blue.

Item
Color
24
Blue Diamond Bar Graph

Ask 15 people what their favorite jewel of the following choices is. Create a
bar graph to show their choices. You can create your own bar graph or use this
template.

Diamond
Opal
Ruby
Topaz
Emerald
Garnet
Sapphire
Turquoise
Greater Than/Less Than

Which of these diamonds is greater in weight than the other?
Use the <, >, and = signs.
27 carats__________35 carats
7 carats___________17 carats
5 carats__________0.05 carats
30.82 carats__________40.50 carats
35.56 carats__________35.27 carats
45.60 carats__________45.6 carats
140.5 carats__________135.92 carats
25
Weights
Below is a list of some other famous blue diamonds. Figure out how many milligrams (mg) they weigh if each carat is 200 mg of actual weight. How many
grams would that be?
35.27 carats - Sultan of Morocco
_________________grams
135.92 carats - Queen of Holland
_________________grams
27.64 carats - Heart of Eternity
_________________grams
140.50 carats Regent
_________________grams
30.82 carats - Blue Heart
_________________grams
35.56 carats - Wittelsbach
_________________grams
List them in order from lightest to heaviest.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
26
Measurement (lower
grades)
You have probably used a ruler with inches or feet quite a bit. But
what about the tiny centimeter? In the United States, we do not
use the metric system much. In other countries though, that is
all they use. So lets practice a little measurement with centimeters. You need a ruler that has centimeters on it. Use it the same
way you would measure in inches, by putting your first line, or the
zero, up to the end of the line you are measuring. Measure to the
closest centimeter or cm.

Answer:

Answer:

Answer:

Answer:
Now try drawing some lines on your own. You are going to measure
the approximate size of the Hope Diamond.
Length: 2 centimeters
Width: 2 centimeters
Depth: 1 centimeter
Wow! I thought it was much bigger, didnt you?
Draw your own diamond shape below using centimeters to make
each side.
27
Measurement (grades
5-8)
Metric measurement is used around the world. Blue diamonds are measured in millimeters.
10 millimeters (mm) = 1 centimeter (cm)
100 centimeters (cm) = 1 meter (m)
1000 meters (m)
= 1 kilometer (km)
To figure out how many centimeters a certain number of millimeters are, take the number
of millimeters and divide by 10. Try this below.
320 mm =
45 mm =
1050 mm =
175 mm =
882 mm =
____________cm
____________cm
____________cm
____________cm
____________cm
To figure out how many millimeters are in a certain number of centimeters, multiply the
number of centimeters by 10. Try this below.
5 cm =
2.5 cm =
27 cm =
10 cm =
52 cm =
____________mm
____________mm
____________mm
____________mm
____________mm
How many millimeters are in 1 meter?

How many millimeters in 1 kilometer?
Draw a diamond shape below. Make each side 30 mm.
28
Blue Diamond Word Problems

1. The most famous blue diamond in the world is the
gorgeous Hope Diamond. Purchased by Jean Baptiste
Tavernier, the diamond was 115 carats. (1 carat = 200
mg of actual weight.) What is that in milligrams (mg)?
2. To see the Hope Diamond, you must visit the Smithsonian Institutions Museum of Natural History. Admission is freealways a good deal, but the hotel
near the museum is $139 per night. If you stayed for
2 nights, what would be the cost? How much would
tax be (hotel tax is 14.5%)? What would be the total
cost be?
3. Since you want to see more in Washington, D.C.,

than just the Hope Diamond, you will ride the Metro
mass transit system. Bought online, a daily pass costs
$7.80. A week-long Rail Fast Pass costs $39. If you
stay for only 6 days, is it worth it to get the weeklong pass?
4. You can only use the daily pass after 9:30 a.m.. Since
it is only 7:15 a.m., how much longer is it until you
will be able to use the pass? Do you have time to eat
breakfast at the hotel?
29
5. King Louis XIV bought the diamond in 1668. When

King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette tried to flee
France, all the jewels were confiscated by the government. But in 1792, the blue diamond was stolen. In
1812, a merchant in London possessed what appeared
to be this blue diamond. How many years passed between King Louis XIV buying the blue diamond and
it being stolen? How many years between when he
bought it and it was found in London?
6. In 1949, Harry Winston, Inc. bought the Hope Diamond. In 1958, it was donated to the Smithsonian Institution. It was exhibited in the Louvre in Paris for a
month in 1962. Today a ticket price to all the exhibitions in the Louvre is 14 euros. If your whole immediate family were going to the exhibit, how many euros
would that cost?
7. Through the years, the Hope Diamond has been recut

to weigh 45.52 carats. How many mg is this? (Refer
to #1.)
30
Money Matters
Ask your parent to give you some play money. Look at how much the different diamonds cost depending on their weight and clarity. Put each of these
amounts in a numbered envelope. Have your parent check your amounts.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
0.01 carat - $2.00

0.0075 carat - $1.75
0.025 carat - $4.25
0.1 carat - $17.50
0.11 carat - $24.00
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
0.035 carat - $5.00

0.05 carat - $9.00
0.5 carat - $99.00
0.66 carat - $266.00
0.032 carat - $112.50
Blue Diamond Prices

I found some beautiful blue diamonds. The clarity and carat amount change
the value considerably. A certain store will give me 20% off of the regular
retail price. Figure out how much each diamond would cost me by multiplying
each dollar amount by 0.80.
1 carat - $199.00 ____________
0.5 carat - $99.00 ____________
0.75 carat - $200.00 ____________
0.25 carat - $49.99 ____________
0.66 carat - $266.00 ____________
0.01 carat - $2.00 ____________
1.05 carat - $750.00 ____________
See if your parent will take you to a jewelry store to look at diamond prices.
You can tell the jeweler you are studying about blue diamonds. Notice the difference in diamond pricing. Decide which one is your favorite.
31
Shapes
A diamond is a form of rhombus. It is also called a lozenge. Can you use the
diamonds to make a picture? Draw designs on the diamonds. Make an ocean,
zoo, sports, mall, or transportation scene. Or choose your own theme.
32
The
Write
Stuff
The Mystery of Blue Diamonds
Blue diamonds are filled with a mystery all of their own. As we look at things
that seem so mysterious, it is fun to try to solve the question of why things
are the way that they appear. Sometimes we find that what may seem strange
and mysterious can be explained using simple logic. Mysteries make our brains
work as we try to solve them. Many people love to read mystery stories and
try to figure out the seemingly inexplicable crime or other event that takes
place in the story.
What do you think makes a good mystery? There are several things that all
great mystery stories have in common:
A great mystery story is usually realistic. This means that it is believable
and you think that the story could happen in real life.
A great mystery story will have a setting, plot, and characters that are well
developed.
A great mystery story will have a mystery that needs to be solved. It will
create questions for the reader that need to be answered. For example:
Who did it? How did it happen? What is it? What will happen next?
A great mystery story will include distractions and clues.
33
In most mystery stories, there is a detective who is trying to solve the crime.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle created one of the most famous detectives in his mystery storiesSherlock Holmes. In fact, Sherlock Holmes even had to solve a
mystery that is centered on a blue diamond, called The Adventure of the Blue
Carbuncle. You can read that story at the Classic Book Library.
Activity:
Now that you have read a mystery story about a famous detective, it is your
turn to write your own mystery. Create a fictional detective and a crime for
him or her to solve. You will need to give your detective a personality and a
special way that he will solve the crimes he encounters.
You will need to decide on the following items for your detective:
Physical traits
Emotional traits
Any peculiar habits
Family background
Career history
Next, you will need to think of a crime and outline the way that your detective
will solve the crime. Eliminate any elements of your story that are not necessary. Write a rough draft, and then proofread it. Make any corrections you
need, and then write your final draft.
Share your story with your family, and see if they can solve the crime before
your detective does.
34
Write an Essay
Choose one of the following essay topics.
Think about your topic and write a first draft.
Either set it aside for a day or turn it in to
your mom, dad, or an older sibling. Ask for
suggestions to improve your paper. Then
rewrite it, considering their suggestions for
improvement. When you are satisfied with
your second draft, turn it in to your mom or
dad and be prepared to discuss your paper and
your thoughts.
1. This article (http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/hope_nav/
main_hopfrm.html) describes something of the history of the rare blue
diamond which came to be known as the Hope Diamond. After being owned
by numerous European royals and even a Turkish sultan, the jeweler Pierre
Cartier acquired it. This same article quotes:
Recognizing the limited market for a jewel the size and character of the
Hope Diamond, Cartier develops a new sales strategy, which he trusts will
clinch the deal. Visiting with the McLeans a few months later, he begins to
embroider a past for the stone, mesmerizing Evalyn with tales of intrigue,
misfortune, and death for all who have dared to possess it. This stone, he
claims, comes with a curse.
In order to sell the famous gemstone to the McLean family, Cartier decided to embellish the history of the gem to increase its apparent mystique.
If you had been Cartier, would you have made the same decision? Would
you have embellished the facts and details surrounding an object in order
to make a sale more likely? Why or why not? Be prepared to justify your
response with logical or moral reasons.
35
2. This article (http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/hope_nav/

main_hopfrm.html) details the fascinating history of the Hope Diamond
and tells of the large number of personal letters Evalyn McLean received,
warning her against its purported evil powers. It quotes:
Though notions persist that the diamond is responsible for her bad luck,
Evalyns own views on its legendary powers are more down to earth: What
tragedies have befallen me might have occurred had I never seen or touched
the Hope Diamond. My observations have persuaded me that tragedies, for
anyone who lives, are not escapable.
Do you agree or disagree with Evalyns perspective? Can tragedies be
brought upon us by exposure to or possession of a material item? Are they
brought upon us by our own actions? In other words, do our own faults or
sins bring upon us tragedies and difficulties in life? Why or why not? Choose
a position. Be sure you justify your response. You may use personal experience, the experience of others, or Scripture to demonstrate your position.
3. If you were an heiress like Evalyn McLean, would you purchase such a gem
as the Hope Diamond? If so, what would you do with it? If you would not
be tempted to purchase a beautiful gem like the Hope Diamond, would you
instead be tempted to do something else with your fortune? What would
you like to do with your money? Why? Be prepared to justify your answer.
36
Spelling and Vocabulary

Elementary Word List
blue diamond - An extremely rare diamond that has a striking blue color.

These diamonds can sometimes conduct electricity.
Hope Diamond - One of the worlds most famous blue diamonds. It was

originally owned by King Louis XIV of France in 1668.
crown jewels - The jewels worn only by the king or queen of a country.
carat - The measurement used for weighing gems.
clarity - Measures the clearness and flawlessness of a diamond.
cut - Term used to describe the proportions and shape of a gemstone.
hue - Another name for color.
Smithsonian Institution - The worlds largest museum, where the Hope

Diamond is displayed.
rare - Extremely hard to find.
Pretoria - City in South Africa which is home to the worlds richest

diamond mine.
mine - A large tunnel or deep hole in the ground where diamonds and other

materials are found.
boron - An element that gives blue diamonds their unique color.
conduct - To transmit or send, such as electricity.
37
Junior High/High School Word List

blue diamond - An extremely rare diamond that has a striking blue color. These diamonds can sometimes conduct electricity.
Hope Diamond - One of the worlds most famous blue diamonds. It was originally
owned by King Louis XIV of France in 1668.
crown jewels - The jewels worn only by the king or queen of a country.
carat - The measurement used for weighing gems.
clarity - Measures the clearness and flawlessness of a diamond.
cut - Term used to describe the proportions and shape of a gemstone.
hue - Another name for color.
Smithsonian Institution - The worlds largest museum, where the Hope Diamond is
displayed.
rare - Extremely hard to find.
Pretoria - City in South Africa which is home to the worlds richest diamond mine.
mine - A large tunnel or deep hole in the ground where diamonds and other materials
are found.
boron - An element that gives blue diamonds their unique color.
semiconductors - A substance that can conduct electricity.
conduct - To transmit or send, such as electricity.
phosphoresce - To send out or emit light.
We referred to the following sites to make these lists:
http://www.bluediamonds.co.uk/index.php
http://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_Si/nmnh/hope.htm
http://www.ncdia.com/color-diamond/index.cfm?sh=blue-diamonds
http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/11.html
http://www.wordiq.com/
http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/famousdiamonds.html
38
Spelling Activities
(elementary)
Fill in the missing vowels:
1. C _ N D _ C T
2. M _ N _
3. B _ R _ N
4. H _ _
5. P R _ T _ R _ _
6. R _ R _
7. S M _ T H S _ N _ _ N
_ N S T _ T _ T _ _ N
8. C L _ R _ T _
9. C _ T
10. C _ R _ T
11. H _ P _
D _ _ M _ N D
12. B L _ _
D _ _ M _ N D
Fill in the Blank:

Choose the vocabulary word or words that best completes each sentence.
1. One of the most famous blue diamonds is called the ___________
____________________.
2. Another word for color is __________.
3. ___________ ____________________are among the most _________ and
beautiful gems in the world.
4. Our family visited the ______________________ ___________________
in Washington, D.C., last summer.
5. The _________ located in __________________, South Africa, is well known
for its diamonds.
39
1. The ____________, _________, and _____________ weight of a gem are

very important.
2. Without ___________, a natural element, blue diamonds wouldnt be blue.
3. Blue diamonds are not only pretty, but they can also _____________ electricity.
Spelling Activities
(middle/high school)
Circle the correct spelling in each row:

1. carrat
carat
2. clarity
clairity
3. Smithsonan
4. Pertoria
5. borun
carate
Smithsoniam
Ptoria
boron
6. semiconductors
7. phosporesse
claraty
Smithsonian
Pretoria
boran
semiconducters
phosporesce
semiconductres
phosphoresce
Write the vocabulary words in reverse ABC order:

1.
9.
2.
10.
3.
11.
4.
12.
5.
13.
6.
14.
7.
15.
8.
40
Word Search
QDFRPQIZGNNOROBXJ
DYATZQSHMQLHMETFG
PRIUDSLOOYZXWKDAR
EAEUNDEPGCFWBFVEM
IFPLLPWECHGKLSDZK
ACRXNQEDZRSGUMEQI
XSEWLTJIDNNOEIPRY
QWTPWKNAVZUXDTLPM
HXOVSSWMWAJHIHACH
QMRZVHOOYVWQASXOI
AIIOATRNTAWUMOIEK
AYANNCCDIBKHONYWQ
CXVVEUZHRUBUNIJUZ
UJNHIDBFAEUODAHOB
THUSWNXKLUGLPNOUW
CYEPTOCUCVWORZODE
WLNDVCQTVCARATGTW
blue diamond
boron
carat
clarity
conduct
crown jewels
cut
Hope Diamond
hue
mine
Pretoria
rare
Smithsonian
Created with www.puzzle-maker.com
41
Crossword
1
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
ACROSS
ACROSS
DOWN
DOWN
3. An
rare
diamond
that
has
3 extremely
An extremely rare
diamond
that has
a striking
blue color.
These
diamonds
can diamonds
sometimes
a striking
blue
color.
These
electricity.
canconduct
sometimes
conduct electricity.
4 The
world'slargest
largest museum,
where
the Hope
4. The
worlds
museum,
where
the
Diamond
is
displayed.
Hope Diamond is displayed.
6 send
To send
outor
or emit
6. To
out
emitlight.
light.
7 City
South Africa
Africa which
is home
to the to
7. City
in in
South
which
is home
world's richest diamond mine.
the worlds richest diamond mine.
8 Another name for color.
8. Another
name
for color.
9 Measures
the clearness
and flawlessness of a
9. Measures
the
clearness
and
diamond.
flawlessness
of
a
diamond.
11 Substances that can conduct electricity.
11. Substances
that
canhole
conduct
13 A large tunnel
or deep
in the ground where
electricity.
diamonds and other materials are found.
To transmit
or or
send,
suchhole
as electricity.
13. A14large
tunnel
deep
in the
ground where diamonds and other
materials are found.
14. To transmit or send, such as
electricity.
11. The
The
measurement
forgems.
weighing
measurement
used forused
weighing
2 The
jewels worn only by the king or queen of a

gems.
2. country.
The jewels worn only by the king or
3 Anqueen
elementofthat
gives blue diamonds their

a country.
unique
color.
3. An element that gives blue diamonds
5 One
of the
world'scolor.
most famous blue diamonds.

their
unique
was originally
by most
King Louis
XIV of
5. ItOne
of the owned
worlds
famous
blue
France in 1668.
diamonds. It was originally owned by
10 Term used to describe the proportions and
shape
KingofLouis
XIV of France in 1668.
a gemstone.
10. Extremely
Term used
tofind.
describe the proportions
12
hard to
and shape of a gemstone.
12. Extremely hard to find.
42
r
o
F
t
Jus
The Sparkle Game
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Students form a circle.

The teacher reads one spelling word aloud.
One student is chosen to start the word, saying the first letter of the word.
Play moves clockwise, having each student say the next letter of the word.
When the word has been spelled correctly, the next student in line says sparkle.
Then the next word is given.
If a student says the wrong letter, he/she is out of the game and must sit down. Keep
going until all the spelling words are used. The person left standing wins!
The Memory Game
Write each vocabulary word on an index card. On a separate index card, write the word
definitions. Place index cards face down and have students take turns flipping over two
cardsone word card and one definition. If theyre a match, the student keeps them. If
not, the student flips them back over so the next student can have a turn. The person with
the most matches wins.
Hangman
Take turns playing this traditional classroom favorite! See how many body parts you can
draw before your friends/classmates/siblings guess the correct word.
Jeopardy!
Create your own version of this classic TV game show, using only your vocabulary words
and other interesting facts about the blue diamond. Make sure you answer in the form of
a question!
Timed ABC/Reverse ABC Order
Race your siblings to see who can write their vocabulary words in either ABC or reverse
ABC order first. For added drama set a timer for 1 minute or less!
43
Copywork
Isaiah 61:10
I/will/greatly/rejoice/in/the/LORD,/my/////
soul/shall/be/joyful/in/my/God;/for/he////
hath/clothed/me/with/the/garments/of////
salvation,/he/hath/covered/me/with/the///
robe/of/righteousness,/as/a/bridegroom///
decketh/himself/with/ornaments,/and/as/a/
bride/adorneth/herself/with/her/jewels./////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
44
Proverbs 2:3-5
Yea,/if/thou/criest/after/knowledge,/and//
liftest/up/thy/voice/for/understanding;/If
thou/seekest/her/as/silver,/and/searchest//
for/her/as/for/hid/treasures;/Then/shalt///
thou/understand/the/fear/of/the/LORD,///
and/find/the/knowledge/of/God.//////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////////////////
45
Proverbs 17:8
A/gift/is/as/a/precious/stone/in/the/eyes/
of/him/that/hath/it:/whithersoever/it/////
turneth,/it/prospereth.////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////////////////
46
Matthew 6:20-21
But/lay/up/for/yourselves/treasures/in////
heaven,/where/neither/moth/nor/rust//////
doth/corrupt,/and/where/thieves/do/not///
break/through/nor/steal:/For/where/your//
treasure/is,/there/will/your/heart/be/also.//
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
47
Matthew 19:21
Jesus/said/unto/him,/If/thou/wilt/be///////
perfect,/go/and/sell/that/thou/hast,/and//
give/to/the/poor,/and/thou/shalt/have////
treasure/in/heaven:/and/come/and/follow//
me./////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
48
Isaiah 61:10
I/will/greatly/rejoice/in/the/LORD,/my////
soul/shall/be/joyful/in/my/God;/for/he/////
hath/clothed/me/with/the/garments/of//////
salvation,/he/hath/covered/me/with/the//////
robe/of/righteousness,/as/a/bridegroom///////
decketh/himself/with/ornaments,/and/as/a//
bride/adorneth/herself/with/her/jewels.//////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
49
Proverbs 2:3-5
Yea,/if/thou/criest/after/knowledge,/and/////
liftest/up/thy/voice/for/understanding;/If//
thou/seekest/her/as/silver,/and/searchest/for/
her/as/for/hid/treasures;/Then/shalt/thou////
understand/the/fear/of/the/LORD,/and/////
find/the/knowledge/of/God./////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
50
Proverbs 17:8
A/gift/is/as/a/precious/stone/in/the/eyes/of/
him/that/hath/it:/whithersoever/it/turneth,//
it/prospereth./////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
51
Matthew 6:20-21
But/lay/up/for/yourselves/treasures/in/////
heaven,/where/neither/moth/nor/rust/doth///
corrupt,/and/where/thieves/do/not/break/////
through/nor/steal:/For/where/your/treasure/
is,/there/will/your/heart/be/also.///////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
52
Matthew 19:21
Jesus/said/unto/him,/If/thou/wilt/be///////
perfect,/go/and/sell/that/thou/hast,/and/////
give/to/the/poor,/and/thou/shalt/have///////
treasure/in/heaven:/and/come/and/follow///
me./////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////
53
In the
lab
Geology
Since were discussing blue diamonds, lets talk about geology. Geology is the scientific study of the earth including rocks and minerals, and minerals are the building
blocks of rocks. Rocks are put into one of the following categories based on how
they are formed:
Igneous rocks are formed by the hardening of molten magma.
Sedimentary rocks are made up of small pieces of rocks and minerals that are
compressed over a long period of time and bond together.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when rocks are buried far enough that pressure
and temperature change them into different rocks.
And different effects can change one rock into another type of rock! Take a look at
this rock cycle animation to see how rocks are formed.
54
Igneous Rock
cooling
magma
weathering and
erosion
sediments
Rock Cycle
compaction and
cementation
melting
Metamorphic
Rock
Sedimentary
Rock
heat and pressure
Lets answer some questions about the rock cycle:

1. What type of rock is formed from cooling magma?
2. An igneous or sedimentary rock that undergoes extreme heat and pressure
forms into what new rock type?
3. What is formed from the weathering and erosion of igneous rock?
4. When sediments are compacted and cemented, what type of rock is formed?
5. When metamorphic rock melts into magma and it erupts in a volcano, what
rock type is formed?
55
Rock Cycle in Action

Now lets do our own experiment to see the rock cycle in action.
Supplies:
Newspaper
Waxed paper
Aluminum foil
2 different color crayons
Crayon sharpener or plastic knife
Baking sheet
330-350 oven
Ice cube
1. First, what type of rock does the whole crayon represent? An igneous rock.
2. Cover your work area with newspaper.
3. Tear off 2 sections of waxed paper for each crayon (large enough to shave
crayon).
4. Using either a crayon sharpener or plastic knife, sharpen or shave each
crayon onto a different section of waxed paper. What do the crayon shavings represent? The igneous rock exposed to weathering and erosion to
create sediment.
5. Once you have 2 small piles of
different colored sediment, tear
off a piece of aluminum foil. Put a
little of one crayons shavings in
the middle of the foil, then top
with a little of the other color.
Continue to alternate colors until
all shavings are on the aluminum
foil in one pile.
56
6. Fold the aluminum foil into a square (with the crayon shavings in the
middle).
7. Place the foil square on the floor and
compact and cement the sediment together by stepping on it with the front of your
foot. Put the aluminum square on the table
and carefully unwrap it. What kind of rock
formed? A sedimentary rock. Can you see
the layers, that is, the different colored
crayon shavings?
8. Fold up the aluminum foil again (with the
sedimentary rock you just made in it) into
a square, place on the floor, and this time,
apply a great deal of pressure on the sedimentary rock by stomping on it. Put the
aluminum foil square on the table and
carefully unwrap it. What kind of rock
formed? Youre right, a metamorphic
rock.
9. Now were going to melt the metamorphic
rock! Place the aluminum foil with the metamorphic
rock on a cookie sheet and place it in a 330-350 oven for a few seconds
or until the rock has completely melted. What does the melted metamorphic rock represent? Magma.
10. Quickly pour the melted magma
over an ice cube. What formed?
Youre right, an igneous rock!
57
What Makes Up Sedimentary Rock?

Minerals are the building blocks of rocks, right? Lets take a closer look at
sedimentary rocks and see what minerals are there.
Supplies:
Various cookie samples, such as chocolate chip; chocolate candy cookies; mixed
nut or mixed chocolate chip/nut cookies (You can also use your own favorite
cookie recipe and add minerals, i.e., different chips and nuts to chisel out of
the finished cookie.)
Waxed paper
Pointed toothpicks
Mineral collection page (included)
1. Put your first rock (cookie) on your waxed paper.
2. Using your rock tool (toothpick), chisel at your cookie to separate out the
different minerals.
3. Put each different mineral in a separate circle on your mineral collection
page.
4. How many minerals make up your rock?
5. Repeat steps 1-4 for each cookie sample you have.
Do you have a chocolate candy

(M&Ms) cookie? Did you find an intact M&M? Well, that represents a
geode. A geode is a hollow rock with
crystals on the inside. In this example, the candy shell represents
the outer rock, and the chocolate
represents the crystal inside.
58
Minerals Collected
There are several notable blue diamonds recorded throughout history. Of course,
the most famous is the Hope Diamond, which is currently located at the Smithsonian Institutions Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. The Hope
Diamond isnt even the largest blue diamond on record! The Regent Diamond is
a blue diamond thats more than three times the weight of the Hope Diamond.
But many of these valuable and rare diamonds have great stories.
Did you know that historically kings and queens have believed that
diamonds and gems hold special powers? Kings would wear special breastplates with diamonds and other gems attached
to protect them in battle. And enemy soldiers would avoid
those kings because they believed that the gems held
special powers. Do you think that maybe they started
to believe this because God had the high priest in Israels temple wear a breastplate mounted with precious gems? (Exodus 28) When others saw Israels victory in war, maybe they adopted the belief that these
gem-studded breastplates held special protective powers.
Prior to the 15th century, only kings owned and wore diamonds. They were seen as symbols of strength. As you read
some of the stories of the diamonds listed below, you will learn
about how they were used in scepters and crowns for many kings.
Diamonds have represented love throughout history. Ancient Greeks believed that
diamonds held the fire of love. The sparkle in a diamond reminded them of
this fire. In 1477, an archduke of Austria gave a diamond ring to the
woman he wanted to marry. That was the first engagement ring. It
was even believed that Cupids arrows were tipped with a diamond.
60
There are some great blue diamond histories on the pages listed below. Check them
out and complete some of the activities after you read. Below are the links for stories of the more famous blue diamonds.
The Regent Diamond: http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/regentdiamond.html
The Queen of Holland Diamond: http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/queenofhollanddiamond.html
The Hope Diamond: http://www.si.edu/Encyclopedia_SI/nmnh/hope.htm
The Wittelsbach Diamond: http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/wittelsbachdiamond.html
The Sultan of Morocco: http://www.internetstones.com/sultan-of-morocco-diamond-famous-jewelry.html
The Blue Heart Diamond: http://www.internetstones.com/blue-heart-diamond-famous-jewelry.html
The Heart of Eternity: http://www.internetstones.com/heart-of-eternity-diamond-famous-jewelry.html
The Transvaal Blue: http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/transvaalbluediamond.html
The Blue Empress: http://www.internetstones.com/blue-empress-diamond-famousjewlry.html
61
Now that youve read a bit about some famous blue diamonds, lets complete a few
activities!
Activity #1
For our timeline activity, pick one or more of the famous diamonds listed above and
make a timeline for it. The first five diamonds have the best stories. If you read
all the information on the website for the diamond you picked, you will find lots of
interesting stories to put on a timeline. If you want to make your timeline into a
shape book:
Cut out a series of squares of the same size and stack them together to make a
book.
Turn the squares so that it makes a diamond shape.
Staple the left corner to make this a book.
Put each diamond fact on its own sheet to make a diamond-shaped timeline.
Activity #2
Complete the following chart using the websites listed on page 61.
Name
Carats
Location Found
Year Discovered
The Regent
The Queen of Holland
The Hope Diamond
The Wittelsbach Diamond
The Sultan of Morocco
The Blue Heart
The Heart of Eternity
The Transvaal Blue
The Blue Empress
62
Where
in the
World?
Geography Activity #1
Supplies:
Blue diamond timeline activity from the history section
Blue marker, crayon, or pencil
World map
If you read the stories of the famous blue diamonds listed earlier in this section,
you will find that these diamonds have travelled the world. On your world map, mark
all the places that your blue diamond has travelled in its lifetime. Mark the countries mentioned in the blue diamond stories with a blue diamond. If you are marking
more than one diamond, write the name of the diamond beside the mark you leave
on the map for it.
Geography Activity #2
Using your world map, were going to make it look like the map found here: http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Diamond_output2.PNG
This is a map of the countries that were producing diamonds in 2005. Although it
doesnt only include blue diamonds, its still a good opportunity to see from where
the worlds diamonds are coming. Make a mark on your map for every mark on this
map.
63
Let's Get
Creative
Buried Treasure
Age: 3-12 years old
To find a blue diamond in nature is a rare event. Diamonds must be mined from
deep in the earth requiring skill, determination, and patience. Create your own
diamond mine you can use to search for blue diamonds.
Materials needed:
Empty .5-liter water bottlewashed and dried thoroughly
Duct tape (colored or plain grey)
Play sand (approximately 2 cups)
Funnel (if desired to aid in pouring sand)
5-10 Blue Diamondsplastic gems available at craft stores such as
Michaels and Jo-Ann Fabrics
Other small trinketsglitter, small rocks of various sizes and colors
Instructions:
1. Slowly pour small amounts of the play sand into the empty water
bottle. Fill approximately 1/3 full.
2. Add one or two blue diamonds, rocks, or small trinkets to
sand inside bottle.
3. Continue alternating blue diamonds, trinkets, rocks, and
sand until bottle is full 1 below bottle cap.
4. Screw bottle cap on top of bottle and secure in place
with duct tape.
5. Gently shake to mix diamonds and sand.
6. Spend hours searching for blue diamonds in
your brand new diamond mine by shaking bottle gently while closed.
65
Blue Diamond Thinking of You Card
Age: 3-18 years old
Blue diamonds are extremely rare and expensive jewels. They are known for their
high quality and sparkle. You can share the special qualities of blue diamonds with
others by making this thoughtful gift. Be sure to tell the recipient what a treasure he or she is to you.
(For inspiration, check out the handmade cardjoodleshandmade cards with
handmade jewel attached at: http://diamondgirlcrafts.com/cardjoodles)
Materials needed:
8 x 11 paper, cardstock weightany color
Blue diamonds (blue-shaded glitter)
Elmers glue
Fine-tipped markers, colored pencils, crayons, or
pens
Old newspapers to cover work area
Optional: blue diamond three-dimensional jewel
stickers available at most craft and scrapbooking
stores
Optional: ribbons, small buttons, varied papers for
card embellishments
Instructions:
1. Fold the 8 x 11 piece of paper in half from top to bottom. Then fold it in
half from side to side. Use the side of your thumb to make sharp creases on
the fold lines. The finished folded paper should measure 4 x 5.
2. Print Thinking of you neatly on the front of the card in pencil, and then trace
over with fine-tipped markers.
3. Write a special personal message on the inside of the card telling the recipient how much you treasure having him or her in your life. Include a Bible verse
if desired.
4. Attach optional blue diamond stickers to accent your message.
5. Trim the front of the card with glue or choose another appropriate design of
your choice. Use your imagination!
6. Sprinkle blue diamond glitter on top of glue and wait for glue to dry.
7. Shake excess glitter off of card and place in envelope if desired.
8. Mail or hand-deliver your special message of encouragement and love.
66
Blue Diamond Ring

Age: 6-12 years old
Materials needed:
1 sparkly blue pipe cleaner
1 gold or silver pipe cleanerat least 12 long
Pencil
Scissors
Instructions:
1. Take 12 gold or silver pipe cleaner and fold in half.
2. Where the fold bends, create mini humps or prongs for your diamond ring
by bending center of pipe cleaner up and down in little folds. You will have
three humps on each side of fold, creating six prongs total.
3. Cross remaining ends of pipe cleaner and twist once to hold humps/prongs in
place.
4. Spread out prongs in star shape.
5. Take sparkly blue pipe cleaner and fold in half.
6. Wrap around pencil three times and then slide off pencil.
7. Place coiled blue pipe cleaner in center of prongs from original pipe cleaner,
allowing the ends to dangle below.
8. Twist sparkly blue pipe cleaner gently once to secure in place. Trim leftover
ends of blue pipe cleaner from underneath.
9. Measure silver or gold pipe cleaner ring to fit your finger.
10. Twist ends together to fit finger.
11. Wear your blue diamond ring for all occasions.
Sample available for viewing at:

http://oneminutecrafts.com/PipeCleanerDiamondRing.html
67
Blue Diamond Jewelry Box

Age: 4-18 years old
Blue diamonds are used to create highly treasured

jewelry. The Hope Diamond once owned by Louis
XVI, King of France, is now kept on display at the
Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Today, this famous blue diamond is set in a necklace and
weighs 45.52 carats! I imagine the lady that last owned the
Hope Diamond had a very special jewelry box to keep it in. You can
make a special jewelry box to keep all of your treasures safe and protected.
Materials needed:
Small, wooden, unpainted jewelry box (available at local craft stores like Michaels and Jo-Ann Fabrics)
Acrylic paint appropriate for wood craftswhite or other desired colors
Sand paperany grit
Mod Podge Gloss Lustre sealer
Paint brushesfine and fat widths
Blue diamond three-dimensional jewels (available in jewelry making aisles of
craft stores or scrapbooking centers in sticker form)
Newspaper
Optional: wall paper samples, old magazines, colored paper, ric-rac, ribbon,
etc. (for embellishments)
Instructions:
1. Cover work area with old newspapers.
2. Gently sand wooden box all over.
3. Apply desired paint colors to inside and outside of box. Let dryyou may
need to apply several coats of paint dependent on desired effect.
4. While paint dries, choose design and decorations for jewelry box embellishments.
5. If using three-dimensional items without adhesive, apply liberal amounts of
Mod Podge with paint brush to embellishment and attach to jewelry box. Let
dry completely.
6. Continue adding embellishments as desired following directions given in
step 5.
7. Apply final coat of Mod Podge to box to ensure a glossy finish.
8. Use your special blue diamond box to keep all sorts of treasures safe and
organized.
68
Diamond Dog/Doll Necklace

Age: 10-18 years old
Materials needed:
Rhinestone trim (preferably blue diamond
trim)available at fabric and notions stores
Measuring tape
Pinking shears
Scissors
Grosgrain ribbon
Sewing machine
Needle and thread
Two snaps
Instructions:
1. Measure dog or dolls neck size with measuring tape and add three inches to
total.
2. Measure a length of grosgrain ribbon to match measurement from step 1.
Trim ends of ribbon with pinking shears to prevent fraying.
3. Fold under one inch of each end of the ribbon and sew with sewing machine
to hold in place.
4. Cut strip of rhinestone trim one inch smaller than length of grosgrain ribbon.
5. Use the sewing machine to attach rhinestone trim to grosgrain ribbon.
6. Attach snaps to ends of ribbon to enable ribbon to snap into place around
dog or dolls neck.
7. Place treasured necklace on dog or doll.
Sample available for viewing at:

http://www.marthastewart.com/portal/site/mslo/menuitem.3a0656639de62
ad593598e10d373a0a0/?vgnextoid=b9b25e75fdf57110VgnVCM1000003d3
70a0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default
69
Hands-On Learning
Lesson title: Blue Diamonds
Ages: All ages and abilities with suggested modifications
Time needed: Approximately 1-2 hours
Objectives:
Explain
the unseen forces that are involved in the making

of diamonds.
Explain
how colors vary in diamonds and why blue diamonds are so rare.
Demonstrate
how pressure builds to increase heat.

Demonstrate
how pressure and heat can crush and harden materials a change
them into another form.
Use
physical activity to stimulate imagination and demonstrate how diamonds

can be forced toward the surface of the earth where man can find them.
Use
cooking activity to stimulate imagination and reinforce the concepts of

science in the making of diamonds.
Materials:
blankets, childs arms, cookie or other suitable recipe that they can get their
hands in to mix and press into form (preferably one that child enjoys eating),
ingredients and tools for preparing the recipe, cooking thermometer (digital
one or one with a probe on a long wire works best), empty soda bottle, spongytype ball, water
Procedures:
Many special needs students have problems understanding concepts that they
cant experience directly. In this E-Book, there are many concepts that might
give these students trouble regardless of their learning issues. This lesson
includes activities that can help a student grasp the concepts of how pressure
and temperature can form new objects. It can help a child grasp that certain
ingredients can change the color of an object, as well. As you read and discuss
the concepts presented in this E-Book, add these activities in along the way to
help reinforce these difficult to imagine concepts. Remember that stimulating more areas of the brain at once helps comprehension, learning, and memory.
71
All children can benefit from activities that mix visual regions, auditory regions, touch regions, motor skill regions, etc. of the brain to reinforce learning
and retention. Special needs students need it even more. Use as many regions
as possible, even if some of those regions are not strong for your student.
Activity 1:
Use a cooking activity to make the lessons fun and edible.
Choose any recipe that the child likes that will allow those
wonderful, clean hands to smoosh, squeeze, and mash into
a form ready to bake in a hot oven. As you giggle with your
student making his or her favorite cookie or whatever,
compare how the hands are like the earth mashing down
on all the different kinds of dirt and rocks and minerals
and even melted rocks deep in the earth. Compare how
the ingredients of the recipe are like the rocks, minerals, etc., that form the diamonds when the pressure and
high temperatures are put on those ingredients.
Explain that heat is made by pressing and rubbing the hands together, just
like the earth pressing down on the materials creates heat and pressure to
form gemstones. Your student should be able to feel a cold object get warmer
when he holds it snugly in his closed or cupped hands.
You can use food coloring or other colored ingredients (depending on your recipe) to show how different colors are created. You can add the food coloring
directly or add it to the flour, sugar, etc., before
mixing to show how the color can change based
on what colors are mixed into the recipe. It is the same as the red clay,
black dirt, yellow sulphur, etc.
that are found in the earth
at different places around
the earth that can make diamonds different colors. Blue
diamonds are rare and are made
only where boron is found.
72
For the teachers knowledge and for sighted students to explore, here is a
site that talks about colored beach sand and how different elements in the
sand determine its color: http://www.ehow.com/how_4874145_visit-beaches-colored-sand.html?ref=fuel&utm_source=yahoo&utm_medium=ssp&utm_
campaign=yssp_art.
For totally blind and deaf-blind children (some autistic students may benefit
from this added description), you can share the idea of color using concepts
of temperature and texture. For example, blue like in the sky or diamonds and
gems can be described as being like ice and glass or cold and smooth. Red like
the sun or iron can be described as warm and rough or harsh.
Finally as our cookie-rocks or diamonds are ready for the oven, explain
that since we are not nearly as big as the earth, we cant make our rocks hot
enough to make diamonds. The oven will help give us enough heat to make them
hard enough. Next is the best part. Giggling begins when they can bite into
their diamonds.
Activity 2:
Some children may need to understand that temperature rises when layers
of pressure are added. For our demonstration, we will begin with your students arms lying on a folded blanket. Place a folded blanket on top. Wait
just long enough for your student to see that his arms are warmer with this
pressure. Add another blanket. Again, wait just long enough for your student
to see that his arms are even warmer with the second added layer. Repeat until your student can feel
that each layer, like layers of the earth, increases
the pressure and the temperature. Older students
can do this more scientifically with a digital temperature probe inside the layers of blanket.
Your child can even move the probe to
different places in the pile of
blankets to see the changes based on depth under
the blanket layers. A digital
thermometer works best
because decimal values show
slight changes in temperature.
73
Activity 3:
This activity demonstrates how pressure from rising liquid, air, etc., like with
a volcanic explosion can move rocks, diamonds, and other materials from deep
inside the earth to where man can find them. There are various ways to do
this. This is just one way, but you can use the idea to help you find other ways
that you may have more readily available.
Use an empty soda bottle filled with water. Place a spongy type ball on top of
the open container. Squeeze the bottle to force the water out of the soda
bottle. The pressure of the water will push the ball up. A blind child or deafblind child will need to place his hand above the ball to feel the reaction that
he cant see. The spongy ball will prevent injury.
Yes, you and/or your student may get a little wet, but that is half the fun. Fun
helps the students to remember. Go with the flow, okay?
Activity 4:
Lets add a little physical activity for the younger child to make a deeper connection of how pressure raises the diamonds to the surface.
In this activity, your student will be the diamond.
You should play too. Get yourselves
into a tight ball on the floor while
still sitting on your feet. Pretend the pressure of the
volcano is building underneath until . . . pop! You
fly up through the earth
and land on the surface.
Stretch those arms as
high as they can go for
the best flights. Let
there be plenty of giggles
all around.
74
The Curiosity
Fact Files
Children learn best by doing, so we have provided a fun way to ensure that your children
are really learning the material that they
are studying. Our Curiosity Snippets are
mini-book activities that are simply meant to
provide a starting point for your family. We
hope that you will have fun with these, and
that you will come up with more Snippets of
your own to add to your collection.
On the next page, youll find a file folder template that you can use to create a storage
container for your Curiosity Snippets. Have
fun!
75
First you need to make a folder to store your files. To get started, take a
piece of 81/2 x 11 card stock and using the template below, trace a line along
the top edge of your paper with a pencil. Cut along the line to make the top of
your folder.
!
Next, fold your paper in half lengthwise, and tape the sides together. You
should now have a folder measuring 51/2 x 81/2. Fill in what your objective will be
for this case, and cut out the report cover below to glue onto your file folder.
!
Blue Diamond
FACT: Blue diamonds
are beautiful and
rare.
OBJECTIVE:
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
Now use your folder to keep your files safe, and have fun with The Curious
Case of the Blue Diamond!
Snippet #1: What Makes
Diamond?
How are diamonds made? Cut out the 2 strips of hexagons on the next page
(leaving the strips completely intact). Using a little glue on the tab, glue the
strips together to form one long strip. Next, accordion-fold the hexagons,
making sure that the cover of the mini-book faces out. On the hexagons, describe the process that carbon goes through before it can become a diamond.
If you do not need to use all of the hexagons, the booklet can be trimmed to
fit your needs.
77
78
Snippet #2: The Four Cs

When people talk about the four Cs, what are they talking about? This is a way
to determine how much a diamond is worth. Do some research online to find
out exactly what each C stands for. Cut out the booklet pages below. Stack
them together, smallest on top and largest on the bottom. Staple them across
the top. On each page, describe the C named.
79
80
To be sung to the tune of All Around the Mulberry Bush
Verse 1:
Blue diamonds are not sapphires, are not sapphires, are not
sapphires;
Blue diamonds are not sapphires, even though they are both blue.
Verse 2:
Sapphires are made from aluminum and oxygen, aluminum and
oxygen, aluminum and oxygen;
Sapphires are made from aluminum and oxygen, while diamonds are
made from carbon.
Verse 3:
Other elements mix with carbon to make colored diamonds, to make
colored diamonds, to make colored diamonds,
Other elements mix with carbon to make colored diamonds, these
elements give the diamond its color.
Verse 4:
Blue diamonds have carbon and boron, carbon and boron, carbon
and boron;
Blue diamonds have carbon and boron, the boron is what makes
them blue!
81
Read All About It

Check your local bookstore or library for books about the puffer fish. Here
are a few suggestions:
Childrens Books
Partners Again: A Story About Imagination, Cookies, Chalk Dust, Murder, Blue Diamonds,
and Family by Arthur T. Lee

Lucy: The Diamond Fairy (Rainbow Magic:The Jewel Fairies, book #7)
Sherlock Holmes:The Blue Diamond by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Cam Jansen and the Mystery of the Stolen Diamonds by David A. Adler
Diamond in the Snow by Jonathan Emmett
The Legend of the Cape May Diamond by Trinka Hakes Noble
The Tiara Club at Ruby Mansions 5: Princess Lauren and the Diamond Necklace by Vivian
French
Joe Sherlock, Kid Detective, Case #000003:The Missing Monkey-Eye Diamond by Dave
Keane
Research Books
The Practical Geologist: The Introductory Guide to the Basics of Geology and to Collect-
ing and Identifying Rocks by Dougal Dixon

The Nature of Diamonds by George E. Harlow
Diamond Identification and Appraisal by Aura Godoy
Diamonds and Gemstones by Ron Edwards (specifically for children)
82
Wanna
Learn
More?
Surprisingly, much information is available about blue diamonds. If youd like to learn
more, visit these websites. Please remember that TOS does not endorse these Web
sites and is not responsible for the content therein. Parents, we would encourage
you to visit these websites first and check for content before allowing your children
to click through to them.
http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/blueheartdiamond.html
http://www.overabillion.com/Articles/is-french-blue-heart-diamond-ring-originally-part-of-thefrench-crown-jewels
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hope_diamond
http://www.internetstones.com/graff-blue-diamond-famous-jewelry.html
http://www.mnh.si.edu/exhibits/si-gems/heart.html
http://www.mnh.si.edu/exhibits/si-gems/ocean.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_Dream_Diamond
http://famousdiamonds.tripod.com/famousdiamonds.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittelsbach_Diamond
http://www.bluediamondsusa.com/
http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/diamonds/formation.html
http://skywalker.cochise.edu/wellerr/students/diamond-color/project.htm
http://www.foxnews.com/search-results/m/26496476/national-treasure.htm (Video with close-ups!)
http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/hope_nav/main_hopfrm.html
http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/hope/hlevel_1/htimeline.html
http://mineralsciences.si.edu/research/gems/hope_diamond/blue_diamond_research.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hope_Diamond
http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1208510/hope_diamonds_phosphorescence_key_to_fingerprinting/index.html?source=r_science
http://www.diamondsourceva.com/Education/FamousDiamonds/famous-diamonds-hope.asp
http://www.diamondsourceva.com/Education/ColoredDiamonds/colored-diamonds-blue.asp
http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/01/08/hope-diamond.html
http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/discoveries/2008-01-08-hope-diamond-glow_N.htm
83
Answer Keys
Lets See How Much Youve Learned . . .
1. C
2. Carbon
3. Blue, brown, yellow, green, black, white, pink, violet, orange, purple, and red.
4. B
5. True
6. A
7. carats
8. False
9. B
10. False
11. They are brought to the surface when a volcano erupts; they float in magma from
the earths mantle to the surface.
12. D
13. A
14. B
15. 115
16. Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI
17. D
18. 45.52 carats
19. A
20. C
21. It was lost frequently, and even used as a dog collar.
22. In a plain brown wrapper via U.S. mail.
84
Diamond Anatomy
Label the parts of a diamond. (refer to page 14)
diameter
table
crown
girdle
depth
Pavilion
culet
Matching
Greater Than/Less Than
<
14 carats__________13
carats
<
32 carats__________23
carats
>
7 carats___________17
carats
<
5 carats__________0.05
carats
>
30.82 carats__________40.50
carats
<
35.56 carats__________35.27
carats
>
45.60 carats__________45.6
carats
=
140.5 carats__________135.92
carats
>
38 carats__________33
carats
>
Marquise
Princess
Heart
Old Miners
Asscher
Pear
Radiant
Cushion
Round Brilliant
Oval
Emerald
85
Weights
Blue Diamond Word Problems
7,054 mg, 7.054

_________________grams
27,184 mg, 27.184
_________________grams
1. 23,000 mg
2. $278 + $40.31 tax = $318.31
3. Yes, 5 days would cost $39.
4. 2 hours, 15 minutes. I would hope that
would be enough time for breakfast!
5. 124 years and 144 years
6. Depends on number of people in family.
Multiply 14 by number of people.
7. 9104 mg
5,528 mg, 5.528

_________________grams
28,100 mg, 28.100
_________________grams
6,164 mg, 6.164
_________________grams
7,112 mg, 7.112
_________________grams
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Heart of Eternity 27.64

Blue Heart 30.82
Sultan of Morocco 35.27
Wittelsbach 35.56
Queen of Holland 135.92
Regent 140.50
Blue Diamond Prices

$159.20
1 carat - $199.00 ____________
$79.20
0.5 carat - $99.00 ____________
$160.00
0.75 carat - $200.00 ___________
$39.99
0.25 carat - $49.99 ____________
Measurement (Lower Grades)

3 cm
6 cm
2 cm
9 cm
$212.80
0.66 carat - $266.00 ___________
$1.60
0.01 carat - $2.00 ____________
$600.00
1.05 carat - $750.00 ___________
Measurement (Grades 5-8)

320 mm =
45 mm =
1050 mm =
175 mm =
882 mm =
32.0
____________cm
4.5
____________cm
105.0
____________cm
17.5
____________cm
88.2
____________cm
5 cm =
2.5 cm =
27 cm =
10 cm =
52 cm =
50
____________mm
25
____________mm
270
____________mm
100
____________mm
520
____________mm
How many millimeters are in 1 meter? 1,000 mm

How many millimeters in 1 kilometer? 1,000,000 mm
86
Spelling Activities
(elementary)
Fill-in-the-Blank
1. One of the most famous blue diamonds is called the Hope Diamond.
2. Another word for color is hue.
3. Blue diamonds are among the most rare and beautiful gems in the world.
4. Our family visited the Smithsonian Institution last summer.
5. The mine located in Pretoria, South Africa, is well known for its diamonds.
6. The clarity, cut, and carat weight of a gem is very important.
7. Without boron, a natural element, blue diamonds wouldnt be blue.
8. Blue diamonds are not only pretty, but they can also conduct electricity.
Spelling Activities
(middle/high school)
Circle the correct spelling in each row:

1. carrat
carat
2. clarity
clairity
3. Smithsonan
4. Pertoria
5. borun
carate
Smithsoniam
Ptoria
boron
6. semiconductors
7. phosporesse
claraty
Smithsonian
Pretoria
boran
semiconducters
phosporesce
semiconductres
phosphoresce
Write the vocabulary words in reverse ABC order:

1. Smithsonian Institution
2. semiconductors
3. rare

4. Pretoria
5. phosphoresce
6. mine
7. hue
8. Hope Diamond
9. cut
10. crown jewels

11. conduct
12. clarity
13. carat
14. boron
15. blue diamond
87
Word Search
QDFRPQIZGNNOROBXJ
DYATZQSHMQLHMETFG
PRIUDSLOOYZXWKDAR
EAEUNDEPGCFWBFVEM
IFPLLPWECHGKLSDZK
ACRXNQEDZRSGUMEQI
XSEWLTJIDNNOEIPRY
QWTPWKNAVZUXDTLPM
HXOVSSWMWAJHIHACH
QMRZVHOOYVWQASXOI
AIIOATRNTAWUMOIEK
AYANNCCDIBKHONYWQ
CXVVEUZHRUBUNIJUZ
UJNHIDBFAEUODAHOB
THUSWNXKLUGLPNOUW
CYEPTOCUCVWORZODE
WLNDVCQTVCARATGTW
Crossword
1
3
B L U E D
S M I T H S O N I A
O
N
P
P R E
A M O N D
O
5
T O
N
6
S T I
C L
A R
C
R
O
W
U T
P H O S P H O R E S
H U E
10
W
8
O N
J
I A
D
9
C
A
11
L
12
S E M I C O N D U C T O R
13
M I N E
A
R
O
14
C O N D U C T
D
ACROSS
3 An extremely rare diamond that has a striking
DOWN
88
1 The measurement used for weighing gems.
Rock Cycle Answers

1. Igneous rock
2. Metamorphic rock
3. Sediments
4. Sedimentary rock
5. Igneous rock
Timeline Chart
Name
Carats
Location Found
Year Discovered
The Regent
140
Parteal Mines
Kristna River
India
1701
The Queen of Holland
135.92
South Africa or
Maybe India
1904
The Hope Diamond
45.52
Golconda India
1600s
The Wittelsbach Diamond
35.56
India
late 17th Century
The Sultan of Morocco
35.27
unknown
unknown
The Blue Heart
30.82
Premier Diamond
Mines
South Africa
1908
The Heart of Eternity
27.64
Premier Diamond
Mines
South Africa
before 2000
25
Premier Diamond
Mines
South Africa
?? unveiled in 2000
14
Premier Diamond
Mines
South Africa
?? unveiled in 2003
The Transvaal Blue

The Blue Empress
89

Blue Diamond

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Blue Diamond

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

The Curiosity Files:

2010 The Old Schoolhouse Magazine, LLC

Project Manager: Heidi Strawser

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Everything You Never

Okay. But what does that have to do with blue diamonds?

Once it has become a solid, the only way for a

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Unlike the sedimentary rocks we mentioned earlier, diamonds are relatively

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

So what makes blue diamonds, in particular, so valuable?

Thats one famous diamond!

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Twenty years later, however, a new,

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Diameter - The width of the diamond as measured through the girdle.

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Lets See How Much Youve Learned . . .

Which element gives blue diamonds their bluish tint?

2. It takes three things to make a diamond: _________, pressure, and heat.

Diamonds form in the earths:

5. True / False: Diamonds are currently mined in more than 27 countries.

Diamonds were initially discovered in:

7. Diamonds are weighed in __________.

9. The shape of a finished diamond is known as its:

12. The Wittelsbach Diamond was part of the ________________ crown.

15. The Tavernier Blue Diamond weighed how many carats?

17. During which war was the Wittelsbach Diamond lost?

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Label the parts of a diamond (refer to page 14).

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

FOR OLDER LEARNERS:

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Blue Diamond Bar Graph

Greater Than/Less Than

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

135.92 carats - Queen of Holland

27.64 carats - Heart of Eternity

140.50 carats Regent

30.82 carats - Blue Heart

35.56 carats - Wittelsbach

List them in order from lightest to heaviest.

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

How many millimeters are in 1 meter?

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

Blue Diamond Word Problems

3. Since you want to see more in Washington, D.C.,

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

5. King Louis XIV bought the diamond in 1668. When

7. Through the years, the Hope Diamond has been recut

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

0.01 carat - $2.00

0.035 carat - $5.00

Blue Diamond Prices

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

The Curiosity Files: The Blue Diamond

1. The ________, _, and _________ weight of a gem are