Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources
Interview
Salk, Jonas. "The Calling to Find a Cure." Interview. Academy of Achievement. American
Academy of Achievement, 24 July 2015. Web. 3 Nov. 2015.
This interview put into perspective what Jonas Salk experienced throughout his
lifetime after he discovered the Polio vaccine. It also described the controversy he
encountered from other scientists who did not believe him. One quote from this
interview was utilized on the Exploration page of the website.
Magazine Article
"Medicine: Closing in on Polio." Time 29 Mar. 1954: n. pag. Time. Time. Web. 30 Dec.
2015.
This magazine article showed how the world was reacting to the knowledge of the
Polio vaccine almost being discovered.
Photographs
The Iron Lung. 1929. History of Vaccines. Web. 28 Dec. 2015.
This photograph displays the machine that people would have to be attached to in
order to continue breathing if they experienced paralysis in their lungs. This
photograph is displayed on the Home page of the website.
Massive Vaccination Efforts in India. 1997. History of Vaccines. Web. 28 Dec. 2015.
This photograph depicts that Polio immunizations are still needed in other
countries. This photograph is utilized on the Conclusion page of the website.
New York City Polio Epidemic. 1916. The History of Vaccines. Web. 28 Dec. 2015.
This photograph depicts the number of people infected with the Polio virus during
the 1916 Epidemic. This photo was utilized on the Background Information of the
website.

New York City Polio Epidemic. 1916. History of Vaccines. Web. 28 Dec. 2015.
This photograph displays the warnings that were often posted throughout cities.
These warnings stated that parents must shield their Polio stricken children from
others. If they did not do so, there would be a fine. This photograph was used on
the Background Information page of the website.
Roosevelt's Birthday Celebrations. 1934. History of Vaccines. Web. 28 Dec. 2015.
This photograph displays President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in a wheelchair
because of his paralysis from the Polio virus. This is one of the only pictures of
him in a wheelchair, so it is very rare. This photograph is displayed on the Home
page of the website.
Salk Becomes a Public Figure. 1953. History of Vaccines. Web. 28 Dec. 2015.
This photograph displays Jonas Salk in his laboratory. This photograph is utilized
on the Exchange page of the website.
Salk Gives Vaccine to His Family. 1953. History of Vaccines. Web. 28 Dec. 2015.
This photograph shows Jonas Salk injecting one of his children with the Polio
vaccine that he created. His confidence to inject his own family persuaded others
to get the vaccine. This photograph is utilized on the Encounter page of the
website.
Secondary Sources
Books
Bookchin, Debbie, and Jim Schumacher. The Virus and the Vaccine. New York: St.
Martin's, 2004. Print.
This book provided information mostly on what happened after the vaccine was
known to be successful. It also described how the Cutter Laboratories incident
was a situation that greatly altered the way that people saw the effectiveness of
the Polio vaccine. Two quotes were utilized from this book and they are situated
on the Exploration and Exchange pages of my website.
Carter, Richard. Breakthrough: The Saga of Jonas Salk. New York: Trident, 1966. Print.
This book provided information about Franklin Delano Roosevelt's case of the
Polio virus and how he held his annual Birthday Bash in order to raise funds to

cure the virus. Two quotes were utilized from this book on the Background
Information and Home pages of the website.
Ducas, Dorothy. "Jonas Salk." Heroes For Our Times. Ed. Will Yolen and Kenneth S.
Giniger. New York: Stackpole, 1968. 69-87. Print.
This book provided information on the overall information of Jonas Salk. It
discussed the whole process of the discovery of the vaccine along with the
backlash that Salk encountered from other researchers who did not believe him. I
utilized one quote from this book on the Encounter page of my website.
Klein, Aaron E. Trial By Fury: The Polio Vaccine Controversy. New York: Charles
Scribner's Sons, 1972. Print.
This book provided statistical information regarding the Polio Epidemic of 1916
and the number of Polio cases throughout the 1900s. It also told how there was
nothing doctors could do to help ease the pain for Polio patients. Two quotes were
utilized from this book on the Background Information and Home pages of the
website.