Contents

Introduction
Calibration Test
A calibration test is a procedure in which an instrument, tool, or
device is tested to confirm that it conforms with the standard. Calibration
is very important, as it ensures that objects are working properly. There
are a number of reasons to conduct a calibration test, ranging from
concerns that something is not working as it should to preparations for an
event in which very precise calibration is desired, and there are a number
of ways to perform a calibration.
In some cases, people may conduct their own calibration tests. For
example, a supermarket might check the accuracy of its scales every
week with an object of a known weight. Market employees would zero out
the scales, place the object on the scale, and take a reading before
zeroing the scale out again and weighing a second time. For
thoroughness, several different weights would be tried, to confirm that the
scale can handle a range of weights. If inaccuracies were identified, the
scales would need to be repaired, adjusted, or replaced. Calibration test
kits are available for many common instruments and tools so that people
can perform equipment calibration on their own.

Objectives
To test the instrument wheather it can function
properly after doing Differential Field Test.
To test wheather the reading distance in the same
position is consistent.
Test is carried immediately after servicing.
To test the instrument upon receipt of as new
instrument.

equipments

EDM/TOTAL STATION

FUNCTIONS OF TOTAL STATION/ EDM

Coordinate measurement
Coordinates of an unknown point relative to a known coordinate can be determined using the total
station as long as a direct line of sight can be established between the two points. Angles and distances
are measured from the total station to points under survey, and the coordinates (X, Y, and Z or
northing, easting and elevation) of surveyed points relative to the total station position are calculated
using trigonometry and triangulation. To determine an absolute location a Total Station requires line
of sight observations and must be set up over a known point or with line of sight to 2 or more points
with known location.
For this reason, some total stations also have a Global Navigation Satellite System interface which do
not require a direct line of sight to determine coordinates. However, GNSS measurements may require
longer occupation periods and offer relatively poor accuracy in the vertical axis.
Angle measurement
Most modern total station instruments measure angles by means of electro-optical scanning of
extremely precise digital bar-codes etched on rotating glass cylinders or discs within the instrument.
The best quality total stations are capable of measuring angles to 0.5 arc-second. Inexpensive
"construction grade" total stations can generally measure angles to 5 or 10 arc-seconds.
Distance measurement
Measurement of distance is accomplished with a modulated microwave or infrared carrier signal,
generated by a small solid-state emitter within the instrument's optical path, and reflected by a prism
reflector or the object under survey. The modulation pattern in the returning signal is read and
interpreted by the computer in the total station. The distance is determined by emitting and receiving
multiple frequencies, and determining the integer number of wavelengths to the target for each
frequency. Most total stations use purpose-built glass corner cube prism reflectors for the EDM signal.
A typical total station can measure distances with an accuracy of about 1.5 millimetres (0.0049 ft) + 2
parts per million over a distance of up to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft).[2]
Reflectorless total stations can measure distances to any object that is reasonably light in color, to a
few hundred meters.
Data processing
Some models include internal electronic data storage to record distance, horizontal angle, and vertical
angle measured, while other models are equipped to write these measurements to an external data
collector, such as a hand-held computer.
When data is downloaded from a total station onto a computer, application software can be used to
compute results and generate a map of the surveyed area.

PRISM

The pillar at EDM Baseline in Batu Gajah,Perak

Procedures
1) Set up the EDM/Total Station on the pillar no.1 and the prism
on the pillar no.2 .
2) Next , the prism is move to the pillar no.3 and the
measurement is recorded.
3) Repeat step no.2 until the prism is move on pillar
no.4,no.5,no.6,no.7,no.8,no.9 and no.10 .
Record the measurement in the EDM Test Form.
4)The EDM/ Total Station then is transfer to the pillar no.2 and
the prism on the pillar no.3.Record the measurement.
5)Repeat the process until the prism is transfer to the pillar no.4,
no.5,no.6,no.7,no.8,no.9 and no.10 .Record the measurement.

Findings/Data

Padang Golf Batu Gajah,Perak

CALCULATION DATA

n
The sum of the
difference

=
distance A
distance B

THE RESULTING ERROR VALUE:

n
Error, C =

(A B)
1
______________
n

BASELINE CRITERIA

Conclusion
JUPEM have made a circular to license surveyor to understand about this
calibration,the method it was and how to make a report after make the calibration
test.Surveyor need to check the EDM or Total Station few times,and make a calibration
after 6 months using the instrument.Besides that,after making a calibration,the surveyor
need to record all the data in booking reform and make the calculation to know the
error,in fact there have the error can be accepted and cannot be accepted.That is why the
surveyor need to make a calculation after they finish the calibrated the instrument.
Based on the fieldwork of calibration test that we have done by following all of the
procedurs,we get -0.001m or -1.000000mm.So,it show that the error are accepted because
the error based on Pek.Ketua Pengarah Ukur Dan Pemetaan Bil.6/2009 the error should
not more that 10mm.However,after finished our calibration test for EDM, we get -0.001
so it is accepted.Conclusion, the EDM do not have any problem.

Reference

1)https://www.jupem.gov.my/wp-includes/files/pekeliling/KPUP%20Bil.%206-2009.pdf
2)http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-calibration-test.htm

3) http://www.nist.gov/pml/wmd/labmetrology/calibration.cfm
4) https://www.jupem.gov.my/index.php?action=pekeliling
5) https://www.jupem.gov.my/wp-includes/files/pekeliling/PekKPUPBil52009.pdf