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  • Sizing A Static UPS System in Data Center - EEP

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    Sizing a Static UPS System in Data Center _ EEP

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    Sizing A Static UPS System in Data Center - EEP

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    1/23/2015

    SizingaStaticUPSSystemInDataCenter|EEP

    SizingaStaticUPSSystemInDataCenter

    SizingaStaticUPSSystemInDataCenter(onphotoAPCUPSdevicebyMatthewLandryviaFlickr)

    UPSsystemservingadatacenter
    ChoosingthepowerofastaticUPSsystemservingadatacenterisadecisionthatinvolvesvariouselementsandwhichcannotbemadebefore,
    orindependentlyfrom,thechoiceofdistributionscheme.
    Themainelementstoconsidercanbesummarisedasfollows:
    Twofromthefollowingparametersoftheloadstobesupplied:activepower,apparentpowerorpowerfactor
    Typeofloadpowersupply(voltage,frequency,numberofphases)
    Loadcoincidencefactor
    Requiredbackuptime
    Typeofmainspowersupply(voltage,frequency,numberofphases)

    Power
    ThefundamentalcharacteristicofITequipmentloads,andmoregenerallyofallloadsequippedwithswitchingpowersupplies,isthecurrent
    waveformandphase.Sincethesepowersuppliesonlyabsorbcurrentclosetomaximumvoltage,thetypicalwaveform,farfrombeingsinusoidal
    (seeFigure1),hasaratherreducedbaselineandavertexincorrespondencewiththevoltagepeak.

    Giventhesameeffectivevalue,thiswaveformhasthepeculiarityofhavingamuchhighercrestfactorthanthatofasinusoidalwave.

    ThestaticUPSmustbeabletosupplythispeakcurrentvalue,whichisnormallyindicatedintheproductstechnicalspecificationsasthe
    crestfactor.

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    SizingaStaticUPSSystemInDataCenter|EEP

    Figure1Typicalcurrentwaveformsof
    computerloadscomparedwithasinusoidal
    wave(dottedline)

    InaccordancewithstandardEN620403,thesystemmustnotbederatedforstandardisednonlinearloadswithacrestfactorlowerthanthree
    (3:1)

    SometimesthenominalpowerofastaticUPSsystemisconfusedwithtermssuchasswitchingpower,computerpowerandactual
    power.Theseexpressionswereprobablycoinedinanattempttodefineaparametercapableofmodellingsystempowereveninconditions
    wherethecurrentandvoltagewaveformsaredistorted,neverthelessitshouldbeborneinmindthattheseparametersdonothavean
    officialregulatorydefinitionandthereforecannothaveanycorrelationwiththeapparentpowerandnominalactivepowerofthestatic
    system.
    Consequently,theycannotbeusedtosizeastaticUPSsystem.

    Withregardtothecurrentphaseitshouldbenotedthatthepowerfactoroftheloadsunderconsiderationisleading,andthereforespecific
    precautionsmustbetakenwhensizingtheUPS.Currentcomputerloadshaveinputpowerfactorsupto0.9leading.Notehoweverthatthere
    areUPSsystemsonthemarketthatareabletosupplypowerwithoutderatingeventhistypeofload.
    Ifthestaticsystemisalsorequiredtodeliveralargeinrushcurrent,asinthecaseoflightingfixtureswithfluorescentbulbs,thismustdulybetaken
    intoaccount.
    Theparametersare:
    IUPSMaximumcurrentvaluefromtheUPS
    t UPSTimeforwhichIUPSissustainable
    IloadOverloadcurrentrequiredbytheload
    t loadTheoreticaloverloadtimerequiredbytheload
    TheapparentpowerrequiredforsizingtheUPSwillbe:

    TypicalvaluesofIUPSandt UPScanrangefromtypicalcurrentvaluesof150%ofnominalcurrentforoneminuteupto200%per100ms
    withoutmainspowerorforUPSsystemsnotequippedwithbypass.

    Thetypicalcoldinrushcurrentofanapplianceofthetypeunderconsiderationisequalto68timesthenominalcurrent,andin
    practiceisonlylimitedbytheimpedanceoftheUPSandtheconductorscomprisingthepartofthedistributionnetworkaffectedbythe
    event.

    Autonomy

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    SizingaStaticUPSSystemInDataCenter|EEP

    CentralOperationsCentre10xApcinrowcoolingunitsDXwere
    installed.3x500kVAAPCUPSdevices(photocredit:
    dieselelectricservices.co.za)

    Autonomyisessentiallylinkedtothetimethatthedatacentreisabletoguaranteecontinuedoperationandifnecessaryperformacontrolled
    shutdown(typically3060min).
    Ifservicemustbeguaranteedforalongtime(roughly6090min),asisoftenthecase,arotarygeneratorshouldbeprovidedtosupplypowerto
    thestaticsystem,implementingprocedurestoensurefuelreplenishmentifnecessary.

    APCUPSSymmetraPX160Overview

    Cantseethisvideo?ClickheretowatchitonYoutube.

    Reference:Planninganddesignforadatacenter//ElectricalPowerInfrastructureEATON

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