Assignments in Science Class X (T

erm II)
(Term

16 Management of Natural Resources

IMPORTANT NOTES
1. We can manage and conserve our natural
resources as well as the environment through
sustainable development.
2. Sustainable development means development
which meets the needs of the present
generation as well as of the future generation.
3. The objective of sustainable development is to
maintain a healthy environment which is
pollution free, so that human beings can live in
harmony with nature.
4. To achieve sustainable development, the goal
has to be minimised resource use.
5. Preservation refers to non-use, conservation
attempts to minimise the use of a natural
resource and restoration seeks to return a
degraded resource to its original state.
6. The 3Rs in sustainable development are
reduce, recycle and reuse.
7. Reuse is in a way better than recycling
because the energy used for recycling the
resources is not used in case of reuse.
8. Forests are biodiversity hotspots.
9. Stakeholders are people living in or around
forests.
10. The Chipko movement (Hug the tree
movement) was a movement of the local

people to resist the deforestation attempt on

the hill slopes.
11. A major law protecting endangered species
globally is CITES (Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species).
12. India has 581 protected areas, among them 89
are National Parks and 492 Wildlife
Sanctuaries.

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13. Project Tiger was initiated in 1973 and it

was founded by the World Wide Fund for
Nature.
14. The Narmada Bachao Andolan has been very
active in its movement against the Sardar
Sarovar Project in Gujarat.
15. Coliform bacteria act as water pollution
indicators.

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16. Fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum are

termed non-renewable sources of energy.
17. Acid rain as well as global warming are the
result of exploitation and misuse of natural
resources.

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I. VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

18. Some important NGOs working in the field

of environment are Kalpavriksh (New Delhi),
World Wide Fund for Nature, Bombay Natural
History Society (BNHS), Mumbai, etc.

(1 Mark)

A. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1. What is preservation?

8. Which is the first national park established in

India?

2. What is restoration?
4. What is considered to be a biodiversity hotspot?

9. Name some people who took an active role in

Chipko movement.

5. What was represented as the official flag of

Bikaner kingdom?

10. What are the causes of over-exploitation of natu[HOTS]

ral resources?

6. How many protected areas are there in India?

11. If the pH of water is 8, state whether the sample

is acidic or alkaline.

3. What is the meaning of recycle?

7. When was Project-Tiger started?

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12. What is the name of the award given in honour

of the movement started for protection of Khejri
trees?
[HOTS]

14. What is Narmada Bachao Andolan?

13. What does the presence of coliform in water in[HOTS]

dicate?

16. Name the irrigation project in Madhya Pradesh,

that resulted in water logging.

15. How does socio-cultural environment affect hu[HOTS]

man being?

B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS

1. What are three Rs in saving the environment?

source: natural gas, petroleum, ground water,

[2008]
coal?

[2011 (T-II)]

2. What are the two kinds of natural resources?

9. Fire wood is our conventional fuel. List any four

reasons for replacing it by alternate sources of
energy.
[2008]

[2009]

3. Name any two forest products, each of which is

the basis for some industry.
[2009]

10. List any two traditional systems of water harvest[2008]

ing.

4. State an instance where human intervention saved

[2009]
the forest from destruction.

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11. Define the term conservation of environment.

5. What is meant by renewable natural resources?

[2006, 2005]

[2009]

12. Why is it necessary to conserve our environment?

6. Why are coal and petroleum considered to be non[2009]

renewable sources of energy?

[2005]

13. Which one of the following pollutants of air

would affect the capacity of blood in human bodies to absorb oxygen from the lungs?

7. How is the increase in demand for energy affect[2008]

ing air environment already?

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8. Which one of the following is a renewable re-

NO2, SO2, CO, CO2

[2003]

(2 Marks)

A. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

1. What would be the advantages of exploiting resources with long-term aim?

7. What measures would you take to conserve elec[HOTS]

tricity in your house?

2. What is the purpose of building large dams?

3. Name any two national parks in India.

8. Why is the management of forest and wildlife

resource considered as a challenging task?

4. Name any two international environmental

organisations.

9. What is Ganga Action Plan and when was it

implemented?

5. Prepare a list of five items that you use daily in

the school. Identify from the list such items that
[HOTS]
can be recycled.

10. How Kulhs system of irrigation evolved in

Himachal Pradesh?
11. Construction of a dam on a river often results in
the reduction of fish catch. Why is it so?

6. List two advantages associated with water har[HOTS]

vesting at the community level.

12. How would the setting up of a factory on the bank

of a river affect the population downstream?

B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS

1. (a) Why are coal and petroleum called fossil
fuels?

3. Explain with the help of two examples how the

participation of local people has led to
conservation of forest in the past. [2011 (T-II)]

(b) Name any two elements present in fossil fuels in addition to carbon.
[2011 (T-II)]

4. With the help of an example explain how

involvement of local people can lead to efficient
management of forests.
[2011 (T-II)]

2. List any four stakeholders which may help in the

conservation of forests.
[2011 (T-II)]
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5. (a) How can development of efficient engines

ensuring complete combustion of fossil fuel
be useful to us?

Sardar Sarovar Dam on river Narmada.

[2011 (T-II)]

(b) Name the four elements that constitute fossil

fuels.
[2011 (T-II)]

17. List four ways in which management of fossil

fuels differ from natural renewable resources of
[2011 (T-II)]
energy.

6. (a) State two disadvantages of converting forests into monocultures.

18. What are non-renewable resources? Give two

[2011 (T-II)]
examples.

(b) Give any two advantages of water stored under ground.

[2011 (T-II)]

19. Give two reasons why, there is a need of switching over from fossil fuels to the other sources of
energy. Name any two alternative sources of en[2011 (T-II)]
ergy.

7. Suggest two methods by which our consumption

of coal and petroleum can be reduced. [2011 (T-II)]

20. How can we as an individual help in reducing

the use of fossil fuels? Mention two ways.

8. (a) What is meant by sustainable development?

(b) Suggest any one method to achieve it.
[2011 (T-II)]

[2010]

21. (a) How does formation of coal and petroleum

occur?

9. (a) What is water harvesting?

(b) Mention any two water harvesting structures.

(b) Name any two products formed when fossil

fuels are burnt.
[2010]

[2011 (T-II), 2009]

10. An environmentalist on visit to your school, suggested the use of three Rs to save the environment. Explain what he meant by three Rs and
how would you follow his advice?

22. With the help of an example show that reuse

strategy is better than recycling.
[2010]
23. What are natural resources? State two factors that
work against an equitable distribution of these
resources.
[2009]

[2011 (T-II), 2009]

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11. Suggest two important measures to reduce consumption of the various natural resources.

24. Why must we conserve our forests? List any two

[2009]
causes for deforestation taking place.

[2011 (T-II)]

25. List any four measures for conserving forests.

12. (a) The increase in demand for fossil fuels is

affecting our environment adversely. Justify
this statement.

[2009]

26. Write two advantages of classifying energy

sources as renewable and nonrenewable.

(b) Why is LPG considered a better fuel than

[2011 (T-II)]
coal?

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[2008]

13. We should use coal and petroleum judiciously.

Why? State any four reasons.
[2011 (T-II)]

27. Why should we conserve forests? Suggest any

[2008]
two ways to conserve forests.

14. List four changes you would like to incorporate

in your life style which would facilitate the more
towards a sustainable use of available resources
[2011 (T-II)]
in our country.

28. State two reasons each for conserving (a) forests

(b) wildlife.
[2008]

15. What are fossil fuels? The excessive use of fossil

[2011 (T-II)]
fuels is discouraged. Why?

30. List any four practices which help in protecting

environment.
[2005]

16. Mention any two reasons for which environmentalist protested against raising height of the

31. Why is conservation of wildlife considered important to us? Give any two reasons. [2002, 2000]

III. SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSII

(3 Marks)

29. Suggest any two ways to strike a balance between

environment and development.
[2006]

A. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
1. Name some environment pollution control laws
as well as wildlife protection acts.

2. Is water conservation necessary? Give reasons.

[HOTS]

8. (a) Locate and name the water reservation in

Figures (a) and (b).

3. Suggest a few useful ways of utilising waste

[HOTS]
water.

(b) Which one has an advantage over the other

[HOTS]
and why?

4. What is the importance of forest as a resource?

[HOTS]

5. Why are the Arabari forests of Bengal known to

be a good example of conserved forest? [HOTS]
6. Although coal and petroleum are produced by
degradation of biomass, yet we need to conserve
them. Why?
[HOTS]
(a)

7. Suggest a few measures for controlling carbon

[HOTS]
dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

(b)

9. How does the water of Ganga get polluted?

10. Why is judicious use of fossil fuels necessary?

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B. QUESTIONS FROM CBSE EXAMINATION PAPERS

1. State two reasons of launching the Ganga Action Plan. Which bacteria were found in Ganga
water including contamination?
[2011 (T-II)]
2. What is Chipko movement? How did this movement ultimately benefit the local population and
the environment?
[2011 (T-II), 2009]
3. What is meant by exploitation of resources with
short term aims? List its four advantages. [2009]
4. What is dam? Write two main advantages and
two ill-effects of constructing a big dam. [2009]
5. What is meant by sustainable management? The
environmentalists are insisting upon sustainable

natural resources management? State its four ad[2009]

vantages.
6. Suggest three ways to maintain a balance between an environment and the development to
survive.
[2007]
7. What measures have been taken for conservation
[2003]
of wildlife? State any three measures.

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IV. LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
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8. Why is replenishment of forests necessary? State

[2003]
four reasons.
9. Industrialisation is one main cause of deteriora[2001]
tion of environment. Discuss.

(5 Marks)

A. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

1. In the context of conservation of natural resources, explain the terms reduce, recycle and
reuse. From among the materials that we use in
daily life, identify two materials for each category.

3. Explain the traditional water harvesting system

with a suitable diagram. Write about the techniques of water harvesting.

[HOTS]

4. Write in brief about the various forest resources

or stakeholders of the forests.

2. Prepare a list of five activities that you perform

daily in which natural resources can be conserved
or energy utilisation can be minimised. [HOTS]

5. Quote three instances where intervention saved

the forests from destruction.

ered with green floating plants and the fish started

dying in large number.

A. Quiz
1. In a village in Karnataka, people started cultivating crops all around a lake which was always
filled with water. They added fertilisers to their
field in order to enhance the yield. Soon they discovered that the waterbody was completely cov-

Analyse the situation and give reasons for excessive growth of plants and death of fish in the lake.
2. In our country, there are various attempts to
increase the height of several existing dams like
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Tehri and Almati dams. What are the reasons

behind it?

use? Also prepare a list of forest products used

by a person living in a forest. Discuss with your
friends if there are differences in the various lists.

3. On the banks of the river, there are several

factories that are discharging effluents into the
river. The pH of water sample collected from the
river is found to be acidic in the range of 3.54.5.
Name the effluents which is the most likely cause
for lowering the pH of river water. What would
be the effect of pollution on the fishes of the river.

2. Study the rainfall pattern in different parts of

India. Mark the areas with abundant rainfall and
regions with different rainfall. Study the economy
of these regions. Regions of water scarcity are
also the regions of acute poverty. Find out the
connection between water scarcity and acute
poverty.

B. Puzzles

D. Seminar

1. Look across, up and down in the grid to find the

answer of the following questions:

1. TopicEcological Stability

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(HintsDiscuss the following points:)

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Effect of deforestation
Afforestation
Social forestry
Agroforestry

2. TopicEnvironmental Organisations
(HintsDiscuss the following points:)

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(a) Non-Governmental Organisations

(b) International Organisations
(c) National Organisations

E. Debate
1. Dams can add to global warming.
2. Agroforestry reduces pressure on the forests.

(i) NGO started a movement against the destruction of Delhis green areas.
(ii) First national park of India.
(iii) Water harvesting structure in Karnataka.
(iv) Water harvesting structure in M.P.
(v) Bacteria indicate contamination of water with
untreated sewage.
(vi) Water harvesting structure in Maharashtra.
2. Hug the tree movement was a movement of the
local people to resist the deforestation attempt on
the hill slopes. The movement originated from
an incident in a village Reni in Garhwal during
the early 1970s. There was a specific name for
such a movement. To spell it, first write down
the letters that occur before each of the given
letters. Then unscramble the word, to get the name
of the movement.
JLPQDI

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F. Group Discussion
1. In the absence of forest cover, the summer
becomes hotter while the winters become extra
cool.
2. Ganga Action Plan was formulated to reduce
pollution load on river Ganga.

G. Survey
1. Visit a town or village that you have seen a few
years back and find out
(a) New roads and buildings have come up.
(b) Work out a list of materials that have been
used in building new roads and houses.
(c) Where have these materials come from?
2. Visit a nearby national park and observe carefully
(a) The effect of building rest houses for tourists.
(b) The effect of throwing of plastic bottles,
cover and other litter by the tourists.
(c) The effect of allowing grazing of domestic
animals.

C. Group Activities
1. Prepare a list of forest material that you use. What
products do a person living near a forest would
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