THE FIRST UNIT

TERM PROJECT
ADVANCED REINGORCED CONCRETE
13CIVL10H

Submitted by:
ABDELRHMAN OKASHA
ABDULLAH SAAD
AMGAD ALAA
NOHA HANY

April, 2014

Contents
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ ii
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... iii
1.Project Summary.......................................................................................................................... 1
2.Assumptions................................................................................................................................. 1
3.Axial Load Calculations .............................................................................................................. 1
4.Column Dimensions..................................................................................................................... 2
5.Columns and Shear walls Arrangement ....................................................................................... 3
6.Lateral Loads Calculations .......................................................................................................... 4
6.1Wind Load ............................................................................................................... 4
6.2 Seismic load .......................................................................................................... 11
7.Shear Walls Design .................................................................................................................... 18
7.1Shear Wall 1 .......................................................................................................... 18
7.2Shear Wall 2 .......................................................................................................... 22
References ..................................................................................................................................... 27

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Plan View ......................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 2 Vertical cross section ........................................................................................................ 4
Figure 3 Elevation in X-direction ................................................................................................... 5
Figure 4 Bending moment diagram due to wind load in X-direction ............................................. 6
Figure 5 Shear force diagram due to wind load in X-direction ...................................................... 7
Figure 6 Elevation in Y-direction ................................................................................................... 8
Figure 7 Bending moment diagram due to wind load in Y-direction ............................................. 9
Figure 8 Shear force diagram due to wind load in Y-direction .................................................... 10
Figure 9 Bending Moment diagram due to seismic load along the building height. .................... 13
Figure 10 Shear Force diagram due to Seismic load along the building height. .......................... 14
Figure 11 The location of center of mass and center of rigidity ................................................... 15
Figure 12 Load- Capacity ratios for shear wall 1 ......................................................................... 21
Figure 13 Interaction diagram for shear wall 1 ............................................................................. 21
Figure 14 Load- Capacity ratios for shear wall 2 ......................................................................... 25
Figure 15 Interaction diagram for shear wall 1 ............................................................................. 25
Figure 16 Reinforced detailing of the shear walls. ....................................................................... 26

ii

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Moment due to wind load in X-directions ......................................................................... 6
Table 2 Shear force due to wind load in X-direction ...................................................................... 7
Table 3 Moment due to wind load in Y-direction........................................................................... 9
Table 4 Shear force due to wind load in Y-direction .................................................................... 10
Table 5 Building Description ........................................................................................................ 11
Table 6 Building Total Weight Calculations ................................................................................ 11
Table 7 Calculations of force/floor and accidental torsion due to seismic load ........................... 13
Table 8 inertia of the shear walls .................................................................................................. 15
Table 9 Total force on each shear wall due to seismic load ......................................................... 17
Table 10 Straining actions on each shear wall due to seismic load. ............................................. 17

iii

1. Project Summary
The project objective is to locate the columns for a tall building, estimate the slab thickness
and locate the shear walls locations to resist the lateral forces due to earthquake and wind
loads. After locating of the shear walls it is required to calculate the lateral loads and
analyse the structure.

Eventually, the design of lateral resisting elements should be

conducted then the reinforcement detailing should be presented.

Project
No.

Soil Type

Type A

Building
Type

Building
Location

Footprint Dimensions

Commercial

South Egypt

35X36

2. Assumptions
Fcu = 30 N/mm2
Fy = 400 N/mm2 (High grade steel).
Fy = 240 N/mm2

(horizontal steel).

L.L. = 5 KN/m2 (Commercial).

L.L. = 10 KN/m2 (Storage).
S.D.L. = 1.5 KN/m3
concrete = 25 KN/mm3
wall = 15 KN/mm3
Flat slab is used in all floors
Slab thickness =

= 220 mm

3. Axial Load Calculations

Dead load = 1.4 (F.C. + slab thickness* concrete) * No. of floors.

Dead load = 1.4 (1.5 + 25*0.22) *12 = 117.6 KN/m2.

Live load = 1.6 (L.L. comm.*No. of floors + L.L. storage * No. of floors).

Live load = 1.6 (5*11 + 10*1) = 104 KN/m2.

1

4. Column Dimensions

Interior Columns

D.L. = 117.6 * (7*6) = 4939.2 KN.

L.L. = 104 * (7*6) = 4368 KN.
Assume st= 2 %
Ac =

= 645518.285 mm2.

=
C1 (600*1100 mm).

Edge Columns

D.L. = 117.6 * (7*3) = 2469.6 KN.

L.L. = 104 * (7*3) = 2184 KN.
Assume st= 2 %
Ac =

= 322759.14 mm2.

=
C2 (600*550 mm).

Corner Columns

D.L. = 117.6 * (3.5*3) = 1234.8 KN.

L.L. = 104 * (3.5*3) = 1092 KN.
Assume st= 2 %
Ac =

= 161379.57 mm2.

=
C3 (300*550 mm).

5. Columns and Shear walls Arrangement

Figure 1 Plan View

6. Lateral Loads Calculations

6.1Wind Load
Pe = q Ce K
K=1
q = 0.5 *10-3 (v2CtCs)
= 1.25 Kg/m2
V = 36 m/sec (South Egypt)
Ct = 1 (topography coefficient)
Cs = 1 (<60 m)
q = 0.5 *10-3 (1.25*362*1*1) = 0.81 KN/m2.

Vertical Cross Section

Pe (compression) = 0.81*0.8*1 = 0.648 KN/m2.
Pe (suction) = 0.81*0.5*1 = 0.405 KN/m2.

Figure 2 Vertical cross section

Wind Forces in X-direction (compression)

F1 = 0.648*2.75*35 = 62.37 KN.
F2 = 0.648*3.5*35 = 79.38 KN.
F3 = 0.648*3*35 = 68.04 KN.
F4 = 0.648*1.5*35 = 34.02 KN.

Wind Forces in X-direction (suction)

F5 = 0.405*2.75*35 = 38.2725 KN.
F6 = 0.405*3.5*35 = 49.6125 KN.
F7 = 0.405*3*35 = 42.525 KN.
F8 = 0.405*1.5*35 = 21.2625 KN.

Figure 3 Elevation in X-direction

Overturning Moment Calculations

Table 1 Moment due to wind load in X-directions

SLAB
NO.

HEIGHT
(m)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

4
8
11
14
17
20
23
26
29
32
35
38

COMPRESSION
(KN)

SUCTION
(KN)

62.37
38.2725
79.38
49.6125
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
68.04
42.525
34.02
21.2625
Over turning moment at the base

TOTAL
(KN)

Moment (KN.m)

100.6425
128.9925
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
55.2825

402.57
1031.94
1216.215
1547.91
1879.605
2211.3
2542.995
2874.69
3206.385
3538.08
3869.775
2100.735
26422.2

Bending Moment Along the building height

40

Building height (m)

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

B.M.D (KN.m)

Figure 4 Bending moment diagram due to wind load in X-direction

Shear Force Calculations

Table 2 Shear force due to wind load in X-direction

SLAB
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

HEIGHT COMPRESSION
(m)
(KN)
4
62.37
8
79.38
11
68.04
14
68.04
17
68.04
20
68.04
23
68.04
26
68.04
29
68.04
32
68.04
35
68.04
38
34.02
Total base shear

SUCTION
(KN)

TOTAL
(KN)

38.2725
49.6125
42.525
42.525
42.525
42.525
42.525
42.525
42.525
42.525
42.525
21.2625

100.6425
128.9925
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
110.565
55.2825
1280.0025

Force/Shear wall
(W2)
50.32125
64.49625
55.2825
55.2825
55.2825
55.2825
55.2825
55.2825
55.2825
55.2825
55.2825
27.64125

Shear Force Along the building height

40

Building height (m)

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1000.00

1200.00

1400.00

Shear Force (KN)

Figure 5 Shear force diagram due to wind load in X-direction

Wind Forces in Y-direction (compression)

F1 = 0.648*2.75*36 = 64.15 KN.
F2 = 0.648*3.5*36 = 81.648 KN.
F3 = 0.648*3*36 = 69.98 KN.
F4 = 0.648*1.5*36 = 34.99 KN.

Wind Forces in Y-direction (suction)

F5 = 0.405*2.75*36 = 40.095 KN.
F6 = 0.405*3.5*36 = 51.03 KN.
F7 = 0.405*3*36 = 43.74 KN.
F8 = 0.405*1.5*36 = 21.87 KN.

Figure 6 Elevation in Y-direction

Overturning Moment Calculations

Table 3 Moment due to wind load in Y-direction

SLAB
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

HEIGHT COMPRESSION SUCTION

(m)
(KN)
(KN)
4
64.15
40.095
8
81.648
51.03
11
69.98
43.74
14
69.98
43.74
17
69.98
43.74
20
69.98
43.74
23
69.98
43.74
26
69.98
43.74
29
69.98
43.74
32
69.98
43.74
35
69.98
43.74
38
34.99
21.87
Over turning moment at the base

TOTAL
(KN)

104.245
132.678
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
56.86

Moment (KN.m)
416.98
1061.424
1250.92
1592.08
1933.24
2274.4
2615.56
2956.72
3297.88
3639.04
3980.2
2160.68
27179.124

Bending Moment Along the building height

40

Building height (m)

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

B.M.D (KN.m)

Figure 7 Bending moment diagram due to wind load in Y-direction

Shear Force Calculations

Table 4 Shear force due to wind load in Y-direction

SLAB
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

HEIGHT COMPRESSION
(m)
(KN)
4
64.15
8
81.648
11
69.98
14
69.98
17
69.98
20
69.98
23
69.98
26
69.98
29
69.98
32
69.98
35
69.98
38
34.99
Shear at the base

SUCTION
(KN)

TOTAL
(KN)

40.095
51.03
43.74
43.74
43.74
43.74
43.74
43.74
43.74
43.74
43.74
21.87

104.245
132.678
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
113.72
56.86
1317.263

Force/Shear wall (W1)

52.1225
66.339
56.86
56.86
56.86
56.86
56.86
56.86
56.86
56.86
56.86
28.43

Shear Force Along the building height

40

Building height (m)

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0.00

200.00

400.00

600.00

800.00

1000.00

1200.00

1400.00

Shear Force (KN)

Figure 8 Shear force diagram due to wind load in Y-direction

10

6.2 Seismic load

Calculate the total building weight W= D.L+ L.L

Table 5 Building Description

TYPE
Slab
Shear walls
C1
C2
C2

No./Floor
1
4
14
22
4

DIEMENSIONS
35
36
0.4
4.5
0.6
1.1
0.6
0.55
0.3
0.55

For commercial buildings =0.5, while for storage floor =1.

Building total weight = 129018 KN.
Table 6 Building Total Weight Calculations

Floor

Height

Live
Load

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1
0.5

5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
10
2

Dead Load
Slab
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2

Shear
wall
28.8
28.8
21.6
21.6
21.6
21.6
21.6
21.6
21.6
21.6
21.6
21.6

C1

C2

36.96
36.96
27.72
27.72
27.72
27.72
27.72
27.72
27.72
27.72
27.72
27.72

29.04
29.04
21.78
21.78
21.78
21.78
21.78
21.78
21.78
21.78
21.78
21.78

C3

S.D.L.

2.64
1890
2.64
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
1.98
1890
Total Weight (KN)

TOTAL
11256
11256
10647
10647
10647
10647
10647
10647
10647
10647
10647
10647

Floor
Weight
11258.5
11258.5
10649.5
10649.5
10649.5
10649.5
10649.5
10649.5
10649.5
10649.5
10657
10648
129018

11

T = Ct*H3/4 = 0.05*(38)3/4 = 0.76 sec.

Soil type A
= 1.2
S =1
Tb = 0.05
Tc = 0.25
Td = 1.2
Tc < T <Td

Sd(t) = ag* *S*(2.5/R)*(Tc/T)

Sd(t) = 0.1g*1.2*1*(2.5/5)*(0.25/0.76)*1 = 0.0197g.

Minimum limit for Sd(t) = 0.2*ag* = 0.2*0.1*1.2 = 0.024g.
Sd(t) = 0.0197g < Sd(t) minimum limit = 0.024g.
Therefore, Sd(t) = 0.024g.

Fb = Sd(t)**(W/g).

Fb = 0.024g*0.76*1*(W/g) = 0.01824*W.

The base shear due to seismic load, Fb = 0.01824 W.

Fb = 0.01824*129018= 2353.288 KN.

Distribute the base shear on the floor levels using the equation, Fi= Fb*

12

Table 7 Calculations of force/floor and accidental torsion due to seismic load

Floor Height
1
4.00
2
4.00
3
3.00
4
3.00
5
3.00
6
3.00
7
3.00
8
3.00
9
3.00
10
3.00
11
3.00
12
3.00

Cum. Height
Floor Weight
4.00
11258.5
8.00
11258.5
11.00
10649.5
14.00
10649.5
17.00
10649.5
20.00
10649.5
23.00
10649.5
26.00
10649.5
29.00
10649.5
32.00
10649.5
35.00
10657
38.00
10648
Total Weight
129018.00
Base Shear

Force/Floor
38.62
77.23
100.45
127.84
155.24
182.63
210.03
237.42
264.82
292.21
319.83
346.96

Ty
69.51
139.02
180.81
230.12
279.43
328.74
378.05
427.36
476.67
525.99
575.70
624.52

Tx
67.58
135.15
175.79
223.73
271.67
319.61
367.55
415.49
463.43
511.37
559.71
607.17

2353.29

Bending Moment Along the building height

40

Building height (m)

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

B.M.D. (KN)

Figure 9 Bending Moment diagram due to seismic load along the building height.

13

Shear Force Along the building height

40
35

Building height (m)

30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

S.F.D (KN)

Figure 10 Shear Force diagram due to Seismic load along the building height.

14

Horizontal forces on each shear wall

Shear walls are symmetric in both directions X and Y axis. Therefore, the center of rigidity
and the center of mass lies on the same point and torsional moment does not exist.

Figure 11 The location of center of mass and center of rigidity

Moment of inertia = b*H3/12

Table 8 inertia of the shear walls

Wall No.
1
2

Length (m)
4.5
4.5

Thickness (m)
0.4
0.4

Inertia (m4)
7.63
7.63

15

Torsional moment equals to Mt= Fb* (emin)

Torsional Moment Calculation for Floor 1:

Y-direction: Mt= 38.62*(0.05*36) = 69.516 KN.m.
X-direction: Mt= 38.62*(0.05*35) = 67.585 KN.m.

The torsional moment applies a shear force on the shear wall cross section. The shear force
will be calculated according to this equation:

Fx =

Fx for wall 1=

*7.63*12 = 1.59 KN.

Fx for wall 2=

*7.63*10.5 = 1.4 KN.

Fy =

Fy for wall 1 =

*7.63*12 = 1.64 KN.

Fy for wall 2=

*7.63*10.5 = 1.44 KN.

The shear force on the shear walls is calculated according to this equation,

Shear force/shear wall = shear force/floor *

Shear force/shear wall = 38.62 *

= 19.31 KN.

After obtaining the forces due to torsion need to get the resultant forces applied on shear
walls, Torsion forces + Horizontal Force from base shear
Therefore, total force on wall 1 = 1.64+19.31 = 20.95 KN,
& total force on wall 2 = 1.4+19.31 = 20.71 KN.

16

Table 9 Total force on each shear wall due to seismic load

Torsion Force
Floor
#

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

(Force/Shear wall)
Y-dir.

Shear Force

(Force/Shear wall)
X-dir.

(Force/Shear wall)
Y-dir.

Total Force/Shear wall

(Force/Shear wall)
X-dir.

(Force/Shear wall)
Y-dir.

(Force/Shear wall)
X-dir.

W1

W2

W1

W2

W1

W2

W1

W2

W1

W2

W1

W2

1.64
3.28
4.27
5.43
6.59
7.76
8.92
10.09
11.25
12.41
13.59
14.74

1.44
2.87
3.73
4.75
5.77
6.79
7.81
8.82
9.84
10.86
11.89
12.90

1.59
3.19
4.15
5.28
6.41
7.54
8.67
9.81
10.94
12.07
13.21
14.33

1.40
2.79
3.63
4.62
5.61
6.60
7.59
8.58
9.57
10.56
11.56
12.54

19.31
38.62
50.22
63.92
77.62
91.32
105.01
118.71
132.41
146.11
159.92
173.48

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

19.31
38.62
50.22
63.92
77.62
91.32
105.01
118.71
132.41
146.11
159.92
173.48

20.95
41.90
54.49
69.35
84.21
99.07
113.94
128.80
143.66
158.52
173.50
188.22

1.44
2.87
3.73
4.75
5.77
6.79
7.81
8.82
9.84
10.86
11.89
12.90

1.59
3.19
4.15
5.28
6.41
7.54
8.67
9.81
10.94
12.07
13.21
14.33

20.70
41.41
53.85
68.54
83.23
97.92
112.60
127.29
141.98
156.67
171.47
186.02

Table 10 Straining actions on each shear wall due to seismic load.

Total Force

Bending Moment

Shear Force

Floor

Height

Cum.
Height

W1

W2

W1

W2

W1

W2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

4.00
4.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00

4.00
8.00
11.00
14.00
17.00
20.00
23.00
26.00
29.00
32.00
35.00
38.00

20.95
41.90
54.49
69.35
84.21
99.07
113.94
128.80
143.66
158.52
173.50
188.22

20.70
41.41
53.85
68.54
83.23
97.92
112.60
127.29
141.98
156.67
171.47
186.02

33835.22
33751.43
33416.26
32816.86
31845.92
30414.29
28432.80
25812.27
22463.54
18297.44
13224.81
7152.20

33439.65
33356.84
33025.59
32433.19
31473.61
30058.71
28100.38
25510.49
22200.91
18083.52
13070.19
7068.58

1276.61
1255.66
1213.76
1159.27
1089.92
1005.71
906.63
792.69
663.90
520.24
361.72
188.22

1261.68
1240.98
1199.57
1145.72
1077.18
993.95
896.03
783.43
656.14
514.16
357.49
186.02

17

7. Shear Walls Design

7.1 Shear Wall 1
Obtain the straining actions on the wall form the above analysis.
D.L. = (117.6*(6*5.5) + (1.4*0.4*4.5*38*25)) = 6274.8 KN.
L.L. = 104*(6*5.5) = 3432 KN.
Normal Force = 6274.8+3432 = 9706.8 KN.
Q = 1317.26 KN.
M = 33835.22 KN.m.
a) Section Assumption:
Assume that the concrete section of wall 1 = 4500*400 mm
b) Vertical Reinforcement Assumption:
According to the code limitation,
Asv(min) = 0.4% Ac
The maximum limit for the vertical reinforcement is 4% Ac.
Therefore, assume that Asv = 2% Ac = (2/100)*(4500*400) = 36000 mm.
Then, design and check on the assumed dimensions and reinforcement.

18

c) Moment of Resistance Calculations:

)* (1+

Mr = 0.5 Asv L*(

)*(1- ).

L = 4500 mm.
t = 400 mm.
P = 9706.8 KN.

C/L=

W=

a=

= 0.436.

= 0.347.

= 0.269.

Mr = 0.5 (36000)* 4500*(

)* (1+

)*(1-0.436) = 28199.71118 KN.m.

Use diameter 28 uniformly distributed along the shear wall

Since, M applied > M resistance
Then, obtain additional Area steel concentrated on the boundaries.
Madd = Mapp-Mr = 33835.22-28199.7 = 5635.48 KN.m.
Area Steel additional =

= 3951.714724 mm2.
Then take As additional 6 28for both sides

Finally, recheck the area steel vertical compared to area concrete,

Area steel total = 36000+3951.71 = 39952.71 mm2.
Reinforcement ratio =

= 0.022

Therefore, reinforcement ratio = 2.2 % AC < Area steel max = 4% AC.

19

d) Axial Force Check:

Pu = 0.8*(0.35*Fcu*Ac*(1- (

)2))

As the K= 1.0 from the boundary condition of the shear wall (hinged- hinged) for typical
floors.
)2)) = 14289.43 KN.

Pu = 0.8*(0.35*30*4500*400*(1- (

The applied axial force = 1317.26 KN < Pult = 14289.43 KN.

Therefore, the wall is safe in axial.
e) Applied Shear Force Check:
qumax = 0.9

+st*

= 0.9*0.25*

The applied shear stresses qu =

= 1.201 N/ mm2.

= 0.7318 N/mm2.

Need to calculate shear strength of the shear wall, qcu = 0.24*

= 1.07 N/mm2.

qu < qcu
Therefore, use area steel horizontal minimum 5 8/m at spacing 200 mm.

20

Checking the capacity of shear wall 1 using interaction diagram

Figure 12 Load- Capacity ratios for shear wall 1

Figure 13 Interaction diagram for shear wall 1

21

7.2 Shear Wall 2

Obtain the straining actions on the wall form the above analysis.
D.L. = (117.6*(6*8) + (1.4*0.4*4.5*38*25)) = 8038.8 KN.
L.L. = 104*(6*8) = 4992 KN.
Normal Force = 8038.8+4992 = 13,030.8 KN.
Q = 1280 KN.
M = 33439.65 KN.m.
a) Section Assumption:
Assume that the concrete section of wall 2 = 4500*400 mm
b) Vertical Reinforcement Assumption:
According to the code limitation,
Asv(min) = 0.4% Ac
The maximum limit for the vertical reinforcement is 4% Ac.
Therefore, assume that Asv = 2% Ac = (2/100)*(4500*400) = 36000 mm.
Then, design and check on the assumed dimensions and reinforcement.

22

c) Moment of Resistance Calculations:

)* (1+

Mr = 0.5 Asv L*(

)*(1- ).

L = 4500 mm.
t = 400 mm.
P = 13030.8 KN.

C/L=

W=

a=

= 0.5.

= 0.347.

= 0.36.

Mr = 0.5 (36000)* 4500*(

)* (1+

)*(1-0.5) = 28666.73 KN.m.

Use diameter 28 uniformly distributed along the shear wall

Since, M applied > M resistance
Then, obtain additional Area steel concentrated on the boundaries.
Madd = Mapp-Mr = 33439.65-28666.73 = 4772.92 KN.m.
Area Steel additional =

= 3346.825915 mm2.
Then take As additional 6 28 for both sides

Finally, recheck the area steel vertical compared to area concrete,

Area steel total = 36000+3346.82 = 39346.83 mm2.
Reinforcement ratio =

= 0.022

Therefore, reinforcement ratio = 2.2 % AC < Area steel max = 4% AC.

23

d) Axial Force Check:

Pu = 0.8*(0.35*Fcu*Ac*(1- (

)2))

As the K= 1.0 from the boundary condition of the shear wall (hinged- hinged) for typical
floors.
)2)) = 14289.43 KN.

Pu = 0.8*(0.35*30*4500*400*(1- (

The applied axial force = 13030.8 KN < Pult = 14289.43 KN.

Therefore, the wall is safe in axial.
e) Applied Shear Force Check:
qumax = 0.9

+st*

= 0.9*0.25*

The applied shear stresses qu =

= 1.201 N/ mm2.

= 0.71 N/mm2.

Need to calculate shear strength of the shear wall, qcu = 0.24*

= 1.07 N/mm2.

qu < qcu
Therefore, use area steel horizontal minimum 5 8/m at spacing 200 mm.

24

Checking the capacity of shear wall 2 using interaction diagram

Figure 14 Load- Capacity ratios for shear wall 2

Figure 15 Interaction diagram for shear wall 1

25

Eventually, shear wall 1 and 2 have the same concrete section and steel reinforcement.

Figure 16 Reinforced detailing of the shear walls.

26

References
1. Egyptian code for loads, ECP 201-2012.
2. Egyptian code for structural detailing, ECP 203-2003.
3. Egyptian code of practice for designing concrete structures, ECP 203-2007.
4. MacGregor, J. G., Bartlett F. M. Reinforced concrete: mechanics and design.

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