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Living organisms are considered highly organized. This means that living organisms are
made of different components working together in a very intricate, precise way.
Characteristics of Living Things- MUST HAVE to be living
1. Living things have cells
2. Living things sense and respond to change
3. Living things have DNA
4. Living things reproduce
5. Living things use energy
6. Living things grow and develop
Lesson Introduction:
All living things are made up of cells. Cells are membrane-covered structures that
contain all the materials necessary for life. Cells also carry out many functions that
sustain life. In organisms, structure determines function. Structure is the shape of a
part and the material the part is made of. Function is the job the part does. The
structure and function of cells and their organelles allow living things to exist. Because
of their size, cells werent even discovered until microscopes were invented in the mid1600s.
Outline:
The microscope was invented by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, a Dutch biologist in the
early 1600s (17th century)
o Van Leeuwenhoeks invention allowed him to see things that no one had seen
before.
o He could see tiny living organisms in droplets of water
Robert Hooke became interested in Van Leeuwenhoeks invention and used one to
look at thin slices of plant stems, wood and pieces of cork.
o Looking at the cork, he could see that it was composed of thousands of tiny
chambers.
He called these chambers cells since they reminded him of the small rooms
called cells in a monastery.
Over the next 300 years, other scientists found that cells comprised other living things,
not just plants, as Hooke had discovered.
Types of Cells
Single celled organisms
o Prokaryote no nucleus
o Eukaryote- nucleus
Complex organisms
o Animal Cell
o Plant Cell- has a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a larger vacuole
Levels of Organization in Living Organisms
A. Cells-When an organism is made of many cells, it is said to be multicellular. A
single cell cannot do all of the things that many different cells working together can.
B. Tissues- a group of cells that work together to perform a specific job make up
tissues.
C. Organs- When two or more tissues work together to perform a specific job, the
group of tissues is called an organ.
D. Organ system- organs that work together in groups to perform particular jobs
E. Organism- Anything that can live on its own is called an organism. When a group of
organ systems work together to perform specific jobs, they create a multicellular
organism.
Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms
Esquema:
El microscopio fue inventado por Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, un bilogo holands a principios
de los aos 1600 (siglo 17)
invencin o Van Leeuwenhoek le permiti ver cosas que nadie haba visto antes.
En cuanto a la corcho, poda ver que estaba compuesta por miles de diminutas
cmaras.
Durante los prximos 300 aos, otros cientficos encontraron que las clulas comprende
otros seres vivos, no slo a las plantas, como Hooke haba descubierto
Tipos de clulas
Organsism unicelular
eucariota-ncleo
organismos complejos
Celular Animal