B/Z

Technical Document of Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd.

B/Z58.1-2009

Standard for Hydrostatic Tests of

Steam Turbine Pressure Parts

Issued on Dec. 17th 2009

Implemented on Dec. 30th 2009

Issued by Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd.

B/Z58.1-2009

Preface
The present standard is prepared on the basis of relevant standards
and information both in domestic and abroad in combination with the
production practice and actual demands. Beginning from the date
when the standard is implemented, it will substitute B/Z58.1-1998
Rules and regulations for technological process of hydrostatic tests of
steam turbine pressure parts.
The present standard shall be put under the administration of the
technical management division.
The present standard is drafted by: Technological process design
division
Prepared by: CHE Li-min
Checked by: ZHANG Jun-cheng
Reviewed by: LIU Li-hui
Cosigned by: LIANG Wei, LI Hong-bin

Standaradization inspection made by: LIU Yang

Approved by: YAO Qing-wen

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF

HTC AND MAY NOT BE USED OR DISCLOSED TO OTHERS,
EXCEPT WITH THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF HTC.

B/Z58.1-2009

Technical Document of Harbin Turbine Co., Ltd.

Standard for Hydrostatic Tests of

Steam Turbine Pressure Parts
1. Applicable scope
This standard is applicable for any hydrostatic test of steam turbine
pressure components and its parts produced and manufactured by
Harbin Turbine Works Co. Ltd. during the manufacturing process.
2. Objective of hydrostatic tests
To conduct a test has its aims to inspect the pressure endurance
strength of the pressure parts and whether any leakage occurs to
the pressure parts.

3. Common stipulations for hydrostatic tests

3.1 Test medium
As long as no special stipulations are specified, in principle, one
shall use industrial purposed water or running water and add
antirust agent in compliance with the requirement for use of the
agent.
If the test piece is an Austenitic, stainless steel, Austenitic stainless
steel and high nickel steel one, then demineralized water shall be
used. Before performing a hydrostatic test, the responsible unit
shall sample and deliver the sample to the quality inspection
department for confirmation. The water shall be used only after it is
ascertained as satisfactory.
Table of demineralized water constituents

Unit PPM

mg/Kg
Demineralized

Cl
1

water
Visual cleanness

Free of foul, oil and deposits

3.2

F
-

S
1

Test temperature

3.2.1 The test temperature denotes the temperature of water used in

the test. The water temperature shall be above 4 . If any
special requirement is given, the test shall be conducted by
complying with the special requirement.
3.2.2 One shall measure and record the temperature on the surface
of the pressure parts. When the test temperature has arrived at
or has been higher than the temperature of the pressure parts,
the hydrostatic test can be performed.
3.2.3 When the test temperature results in a fog formation
phenomenon, causing a difficulty in distinguishing a leakage

and fog formation, the test temperature shall be adjusted to a

temperature higher than the temperature of the pressure parts.
3.3

Manometer

3.3.1 Manometers shall be calibrated within the time period stipulated

for standard instrument management.
3.3.2 The maximum indication graduation range of the manometers
shall be 1.5 to 3 times of the maximum pressure in the chamber
under test. If any special requirement is given, the test shall be
conducted by complying with the special requirement.
3.3.3 The indication error of the manometers shall be above 1.6.
3.4

Tools for use in the test

3.4.1 Tools for use in the test (such as blind plate, technological pad,
tube connection, sealing ring and paper etc.) shall have a
sufficient strength to bear the test pressure.
3.4.2 Valves shall be installed between the equipment and the
pressure parts so as to isolate the object under the test when
performing the test.
3.4.3 The pressurized equipment for use in the test (such as booster
pumps) shall meet the requirement for maximum water
pressure and the flow rate shall meet the requirement for water
filling and pressurization.
3.4.4 Prior to a hydrostatic test, the test equipment items shall
undergo an inspection, startup and stop test, and shall be
ascertained as satisfactory.
3.5

Service life of sealing rings, sealing paper, blind plates

3.5.1 The consumables such as sealing rings, sealing paper and

highland barley paper etc. are only allowed for use by a single
set and once, never allowed for recycling use.
3.5.2 Each time after a hydrostatic test, the blind plates and tube

connections are required to undergo an inspection of

deformation and others, they can be continuously used only
after they have been confirmed as satisfactory.
3.5.3 The blind plates and tube connections shall comply with
Specifications for inspection of blind plates and tube
connections.

3.6

Use of bolt heaters, fasteners and measuring tools

3.6.1 Bolt heaters

3.6.1.1

Bolt heating can adopt a mode by using an electric heating

tube and induction type heating mode. In principle, the mode
by using an electric heating tube shall be adopted. If any
special requirement is given, the test shall be conducted by
complying with the special requirement.

3.6.1.2

The use of bolt heaters shall strictly comply with the

requirement as stated in Bolt heaters and extension
measurement

device

provided

by

the

designing

department.
3.6.2 Fasteners
3.6.2.1

In principle, all the fasteners (such as bolts on the mid-split

plane) shall use finalized products in the process of a
hydrostatic test. If any special stipulation is given, the test
shall be conducted by complying with the special stipulation.

3.6.2.2

No defects shall be found when inspecting the appearance

of bolts by naked eyes.

3.6.2.3

The bolts and nuts shall be ground in pairs and coated with
seizure prevention agent according to Technological

specification for seizure prevention agent.

3.6.2.4

Before the bolts are put in place, the technological slotted

pads shall be installed in place when performing an
inspection. The installation mode shall be as per the
following drawing.

Technological
slotted pad

Enlargement A

Bolt fastening
3.6.2.5

Technological pad

When performing a cold fastening, one shall symmetrically

fasten the bolts from the middle to both generator side and
speed regulating device side.

3.6.2.6

The cold fastening moment shall be accomplished by

complying with the values stipulated in the Description of the
main machine provided by the designing department.

3.6.2.7 The elongation rate or rotating angle of the bolts necessary to

be hot fastened shall comply with that necessary for the
hydrostatic test provided by the designing department.
3.6.2.8

If a bolt heater is adopted to heat the bolts, a variety of bolts

shall be heated to a temperature ranging from 250 to 300
and not allowed to be heated to 600 .

3.6.2.9

The bolt heating duration shall comply with the stipulations in

Bolt heaters and elongation measurement device provided
by the designing department. In principle, a single bolt shall
not be heated for over 40 minutes for one time.

3.6.2.10 The measurement of bolt elongation before and after hot

fastening shall be performed under the condition of being at

the temperature of the bolt treatment room.
3.6.2.11 For the bolts not meeting the requirement for elongation rate
or rotating angle, a secondary hot fastening can be
performed.
3.6.2.12 Upon the completion of cold fastening moment, hot
fastening elongation rate or rotating angle, it is necessary to
fill out a record card and the nuts shall be marked with their
rotating angles.
3.6.3 Measuring tools
To the concrete requirement, corresponding measuring tools
shall be designed and stipulated in the corresponding
technological specifications.
4.

Test field

4.1

The test field must be isolated necessarily and irrelevant

persons shall not be allowed to enter.

4.2

Sufficient footplates and handrails etc. shall be provided to

facilitate the inspection of the test and at the same time the
safety shall be taken into account.

5.

Test flow path

5.1

Test preparation

5.1.1 Such items as test objects and tools shall be confirmed.

5.1.2 The test objects shall be provided with an inspection conformity
certificate or a working procedure inspection conformity
certificate.
5.1.3 The surfaces of the test object shall be free of water scale, foul,
oil, dust and floating rust etc. foreign matters.
5.1.4 The test object shall be free of burrs and sharpened edges etc.

5.1.5 Inspect whether the air vents of various chambers are at the
highest positions.
5.1.6 It is allowed to add sealing rubber strips on the mid-split plane
of the test object.
5.2

Installation of test equipment items

5.2.1 Installation of test tools and pressurization equipment etc.

5.2.1.1

Inspect the test tools and confirm that they are assessed as
satisfactory.

5.2.1.2

Install the test tools according to the drawings provided by

the designing department and to the requirement for the test
tools.

5.2.1.3

The test tools installed in various chambers shall be aligned

during their installation process.

5.2.1.4

The sealing rings and paper etc. parts for use in the test
shall meet the requirement for the hydrostatic test and it is
not allowed to have any damage during the installation.

5.2.1.5

After

having

been

inspected

and

confirmed,

the

pressurization equipment shall be connected with the test

object.
5.2.2 Installation of manometers
5.2.2.1

The manometers shall be installed directly on the test object

as possible as one can.

5.2.2.3

In principle, the installation positions shall be at the highest

positions of various chambers.

5.3

Test process

5.3.1 Water filling and air venting

5.3.1.1

Fill the test object with water by starting up the

pressurization equipment and tighten the bolts on various air
vents when all the air inside is thoroughly evacuated.

5.3.1.2

When the pressure is being boosted, the pressure boosting

is delayed, i.e. the readings of the manometers on the test
object and the pressurization equipment are different,
indicating that the air inside is not completely evacuated and
it is necessary to evacuate the air once again.

5.3.2 Pressure boosting

5.3.2.1

According to the chart for the hydrostatic test, determine the

pressure values at each pressure increase points in each
chambers as per the nodes as indicated on the pressure
boosting chart and make a record.

5.3.2.2

It is necessary to boost the pressure synchronously and

keep a pressure difference if various chambers have
different pressures. During the pressure increase process, it
is not allowed to exceed the pressure difference designated
between the two chambers.

5.3.2.3

The pressure increase rate shall not be greater than 1

MPa/Min.

5.3.2.4

Hold pressure for 5 minutes at each pressure boosting point

during the pressure increase process and then perform an
inspection. Make sure that there exist no abnormal
phenomena, then continue the pressure boosting process.

Longer than 10
minutes10

Test
pressure
MPa
(MPa)
1.5P

1.1P

0.5P

represents
"P"
Note: P
the working pressure when a
steam turbine
is in operation.
"1.5P"
1.5P represents the highest pressure of the
chamber when the hydrostatic test is performed.

5 minutes

5 minutes
Pressure boosting

Pressure increase pressure point chart

5.3.3 Pressure holding

5.3.3.1

When the pressure is boosted to the stipulated test one (i.e.

0.5P and 1.1P, in principle, the pressure between the test
object and the pressure boosting equipment shall be cut off
to make the pressure of the test object keeping at a constant
pressure.

5.3.3.2

When arriving at the highest test pressure, hold pressure for

10 minutes. If any special stipulation is given, the test shall
be conducted by complying with the special stipulation.

5.3.4 Pressure reduction

5.3.4.1

Reduce pressures simultaneously in the reverse order of the

pressure increase for various chambers. The pressures shall
be slowly reduced.

5.3.4.2

Upon the completion of the test, one shall confirm whether

various manometers are replaced or not.

5.3.4.3

Upon the completion of the test, one shall open the

discharging ports and fully discharge the water inside the
chamber.

5.3.4.4

Dismount the test tools and perform the inspection,

confirmation and protection work.

5.3.4.5

The test object shall undergo a clean-up, drying and antirust

treatment.

5.3.5 Treatment of water leakage and others during the pressure

boosting process.
If water leakage occurs during the pressure boosting process, it
is necessary to stop immediately the pressure boosting. Having
been confirmed, reduce the pressure to the atmospheric

pressure and take proper treatment. When it is confirmed that

the safety can be ensured, repeat the pressure boosting work.
6.

Requirement for inspection

6.1

When the pressure is boosted to various pressure points and

held for time duration as stipulated, one shall perform a visual
inspection by naked eyes.

6.2

Visually inspect for any leakage phenomena at the connection

joint on the horizontal mid-split plane, various bolt holes and
threaded portion of nuts.

6.3

Visually inspect for any leakage phenomena on the cylinder

walls and at the welding locations of the pressure parts.

6.4

Visually inspect for any permanent deformation on the cylinder

walls of the pressure parts.

7.

Judgment criterion

7.1

Pressure1.1 times of the rated working pressure

Visually inspect the connection joint on the horizontal mid-split
plane, various bolt holes and threaded portion of nuts and it is
not allowed to have any leakage phenomena. If there exists any
leakage phenomenon, it is necessary to submit a quality control
report. When it is stipulated in the technical documents such as
drawings and others that it is permitted to have slight leakage
on the horizontal mid-split plane, the present stipulation shall
not be accepted.

7.2

The pressure arrives at 1.5 times of the rated working pressure.

7.2.1 Visually inspect the pressure bearing portion of the test object
and it is not permitted to form any permanent deformation.
7.2.2 Visually inspect the cylinder walls of the pressure bearing
portion and welding locations of the test object and it is not
permitted to have any leakage.
7.2.3 Visually inspect the connection joint on the horizontal mid-split

plane, bolt holes and threaded portion of nuts as well as various

fitting surfaces and it is permitted to have leakages not
disturbing the pressure of the hydrostatic test.
7.3

Stipulations for leakages

Leakage: it is not permitted to have continuous water flow, jet
and spray and water leakages in the above-mentioned states.

8.

Printing marks

8.1

Specifications:
4090 mm in the longitudinal and transversal direction, if it is
impossible for the area to print the marks on, print after scaled
down in a same proportion.

8.2

Contents in the marks:

Date of the test, highest pressure of the test, pressure type,

Hydrostatic test

marks indicating whether the test is up to the standard.

8.3

W. T. P.

MPaKgF/cm2

Date: (Y-M-D)

Printing position
In principle, it is required to print the marks at a conspicuous
position at the outer side, usually the area for installing a
nameplate and print at a place nearing the horizontal reference
line. If there is an embossed surface, print the marks on the
outer circumferential area of the embossed surface.

Note: for a main steam pipe port of a steam turbine: print the
marks in the front of the main steam pipe port as viewed from
the end of the speed regulating device (print both on the upper
and lower half).
Steam turbine proper: print the marks on the side surface of the
flange on the right as viewed from the end of the speed
regulating device (print only on the lower half).
9.

Pressure test report

Fill in a pressure test report to the requirement provided by the
quality inspection department.