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Carbon Steel:
Carbon steel is a steel alloy consisting of iron and carbon. Other elements
are allowed to be present in smaller quantities but they should not affect the
actual properties of steel. They are manganese, with 1.65% maximum,
silicon, with a 0.60% maximum, and copper, with a 0.60% maximum. Tensile
properties can vary but are usually between 500-800 N/mm.
There are four types of carbon steel depending on its carbon content: Low
Carbon Steel (0.05%-0.30%), Medium Carbon Steel (0.30%-0.59%), High
Carbon Steel (0.6-0.99 %) and Ultra high carbon steel (1.0-2.0 %). Lower
carbon steels are softer and more easily formed and steels with higher
carbon content are harder and stronger, but less ductile and harder to
machine and weld.
Most popular and fast moving carbon steel is EN 8D, EN 8 and EN 9.
The chemical composition of different carbon alloy is as given below:
Chemical
EN 8
EN 8D
EN 9
Carbon
Silicon
Manganese
Sulphur
Phosphoru
s
0.35-0.45%
0.10-0.35%
0.60-1.00%
0.050 Max
0.40-0.45%
0.05-0.35 %
0.70-0.90 %
0.060 Max
0.50-0.60 %
0.05-0.35 %
0.50-0.80 %
0.040 Max
0.050 Max
0.060 Max
0.040 Max
700-850 n/mm2
465 n/mm2 Min
450 n/mm2 Min
16% Min
They are usually supplied in untreated form. Further metallurgy processes for
its uses are spheroidizing, annealing, normalizing, quenching and mar
tempering.
The ideal shape for the production and sale purpose of carbon steel is round
with diameter ranging from 16-80mm.
Applications: Axles, nut, bolts, shafts, gears, connecting rods, screws and
rollers.
Major competitors of carbon steel in Gujarat are Vivek Steel, Balaram
Steel, Laxcon, VSP (Vizag), Jindal, British Alloys, Shah Alloys, etc.
Alloy Steel:
Alloy steel is a steel that is alloyed with a variety of elements in total
amounts between 1.0% and 50% by weight to improve its mechanical
properties.
Various alloy steel are EN24, EN31, EN19, EN353, 8620, 4140, 20MnCr5,
16MnCr5, etc. Most popular and fast moving among them are EN24 and
EN31.
The chemical composition of alloy steels is as given below:
Chemical
EN 24
EN 31
Carbon
Silicon
Manganese
Sulphur
Phosphoru
s
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenu
m
0.35-0.45%
0.10-0.35%
0.45-0.70%
0.04%
0.9-1.2%
0.1-.35 %
0.30-0.75 %
0.04%
0.04%
0.04%
0.9-1.40%
1.30-1.80%
1.00-1.60%
-
0.2-0.4%
In alloy steel, payment cycle is around 2 to 3 months. One has to maintain huge
inventory level. E.g. for sale of 50 tonne of steel, one has to maintain inventory of
500 tonnes. Quality is critical in this industry. Many rejections in order happen due
to non-conformance to Ultrasonic test. However, if quality is maintained, one can
demand huge margin.
Paramet
ers
Carbon Steel
Quality
Only
Physical
Chemical
Inventory
issues
Market Size
Margin
Payment
Alloy Steel
Recommendations:
Considering slow payment cycle, huge inventory level and irregular demand
of alloy steel, carbon steel seems more attractive. Also, we are in MS steel
manufacturing, carbon steel will next forward for us. After a year or two, we
can explore the alloy steel market.