8051 HOW-TO GUIDE

Interfacing Stepper
Motor with 8051

Contents at a Glance
8051 Primer Board ...........................................................3
Stepper Motor .................................................................3
Interfacing Stepper Motor ...............................................4
Interfacing Stepper Motor with 8051 ...............................5
Pin Assignment with 8051 ................................................5
Source Code ....................................................................6
C Program to control stepper motor using 8051 ...............7

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8051 Primer Board

The 8051 Primer board is specifically designed to help
students to master the required skills in the area of
embedded systems. The kit is designed in such way that all
the possible features of the microcontroller will be easily
used by the students. The kit supports in system
programming (ISP) which is done through serial port.
NXPs 8051 (AT89V51RD2), 8051 Primer Kit is proposed
to smooth the progress of developing and debugging of
various

designs

encompassing

of

speed

8-bit

Microcontrollers.
Stepper Motor
A stepper motor is a brushless, synchronous electric
motor that converts digital pulses into mechanical shaft
rotation. Every revolution of the stepper motor is divided
into a discrete number of steps, and the motor must be sent
a separate pulse for each step.
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Interfacing Stepper Motor

Fig. 1 shows how to interface the Stepper Motor to
microcontroller. As you can see the stepper motor is
connected with Microcontroller output port pins through a
ULN2003 array. So when the microcontroller is giving pulses
with particular frequency to ULN2003, the motor is rotated
in clockwise or anticlockwise.

Fig. 1 Interfacing Stepper Motor to Microcontroller

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Interfacing Stepper Motor with 8051

We now want to control a stepper motor in 8051
Primer Board. It works by turning ON & OFF a four I/O port
lines generating at a particular frequency.
The 8051 Primer board has four numbers of I/O port
lines, connected with I/O Port lines (P0.0 P0.3) to rotate
the stepper motor. ULN2003 is used as a driver for port I/O
lines, drivers output connected to stepper motor, connector
provided for external power supply if needed.

P0.0

COIL-B

P0.1

COIL-C

P0.2

COIL-D

P0.3

VCC

MOTOR_PWR
STEPPER

COIL-A
COIL-B
COIL-C
COIL-D

IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4

1
2
3

OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4

MG1

EN1
EN2

JP3
1

2- 3

Internal +5V (Driver section)

VCC
SW30
OFF

Make switch SW30 to SM/RL label

marking position.

COIL-A

Stepper Motor PWR Select

8051 Lines

Stepper Motor(5V)

VS
VSS

STEPPER MOTOR

Pin Assignment with 8051

ON

1
2
3
4

8
7
6
5

7-SEG
LCD
SM/RL
GLCD

PWR ON/OFF

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Circuit Diagram to Interface Stepper Motor with 8051

Source Code
The Interfacing stepper motor control with 8051
program is very simple and straight forward, that control
the stepper motor in clockwise, counter clockwise and also
a particular angular based clockwise by using switches. The
I/O port lines are used to generate pulses for stepper motor
rotations. C programs are written in Keil software.
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C Program to control stepper motor using 8051

***************************************************************************************
Title : Program to control stepper motor rotations
***************************************************************************************

#include <reg51.h>

//Define 8051 registers

#include<stdio.h>
void DelayMs(unsigned int);

//Delay function\

//---------------------------------//

Main Program

//---------------------------------void Clockwise (void)

{
unsigned int i;
for (i=0;i<30;i++)
{
P0 = 0x01;DelayMs(5);

//Delay 20msec

P0 = 0x02;DelayMs(5);
P0 = 0x04;DelayMs(5);
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P0 = 0x08;DelayMs(5);
}
}
void AntiClockwise (void)
{
unsigned int i;
for (i=0;i<30;i++)
{
P0 = 0x08;DelayMs(5);

//Delay 20msec

P0 = 0x04;DelayMs(5);
P0 = 0x02;DelayMs(5);
P0 = 0x01;DelayMs(5);
}
}
void main (void)
{

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P0 = 0;
//Initialize Port0
while(1)

//Loop Forever

{
Clockwise ();
DelayMs (100);
P0 =

0;

AntiClockwise ();
DelayMs (100);
P0 =

0;

}
}
//--------------------------------//

Delay Function

//--------------------------------void DelayMs(unsigned int n)

{
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unsigned int i,j;

for(j=0;j<n;j++)
{
for(i=0;i<800;i++);
}
}

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