TOJET

Anyone in the profession may submit unsolicited manuscripts for publication consideration
in TOJET. TOJET is an international, nonprofit, professional association for managers and
users of information resources on college and university campuses. The content of TOJET
relates to educational technology.
TOJET is an open access online international electronic journal, published four times a year
(January, April, July, and October). Articles may be contributed at any time for publication
consideration. Potential articles are reviewed by members of an editorial review committee,
and those published in TOJET are referenced in such indexing services as SSCI, ERIC,
EBSCO ONLINE, and EBSCO CD ROM Database, DOAJ and AERA SEG. The reviewing
process usually takes from three to eight weeks; author revision and the
editorial/production cycle may take up to four months. Ideally, papers should be submitted
to Aytekin ISMAN (isman@sakarya.edu.tr) electronically as a word-processed file.
TOJET provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research
freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

SUBMISSION GUIDELINES
* Important Notice:
After papers are accepted, all authors must register and pay 350 Euro to the International Educational
Technology Conference - IETC (web page is www.iet-c.net).
TOJET will include three major categories of articles
Current Issues include more theoretical discussions of technology and teacher preparation.
Current Practices provide shorter, up-to-the-minute snapshots of technology in practice.
Seminal Articles include previously published classic articles that have advanced the discussion of
educational technology
Articles should address educational technology and may address assessment, attitudes, beliefs, curriculum,
equity, research, translating research into practice, learning theory, alternative conceptions, sociocultural
issues, special populations, and integration of subjects.
SUBMISSION FILE(S) FORMATS
All submissions MUST be sent to the Editor by email.
No hard copy submission papers will be accepted. A format which best preserves the "document look" is preferred.
Files types submitted are of two primary types: Main Manuscript and Artwork files. See below for acceptable submission
files types.
Link all files from the Main Manuscript and embed the graphics in this document. Also, ALL files should be sent
separately with names matching those in the Main Manuscript. Do NOT submit compressed files.
--Main Manuscript (primary submission document)
Submit your manuscript in WORD FORMAT - Microsoft Word (.doc ) (See Sample Article)
Do not use any word processing options/tools, such as--strike through, hidden text, comments, merges, and so forth. Due
to the academic focus of this publication, the use of personal pronoun (I, we, etc.) and present tense is strongly
discouraged.
--Artwork (Tables, Figures, Appendices, & Videos)
Tables All tables (i.e., data displayed in rows and columns) must be submitted either in HTML format or as MS Word
tables embedded in the manuscript near the first reference to the corresponding table. Tables MUST be no wider than
500 pixels (5.25"). Lengthy tables are discouraged as they are difficult to read online.

Figures Figure graphics (e.g., charts, graphs, photographs, and drawings) must be in either .GIF, .PNG, or .JPG
format, attached to the electronic file. Filenames for figures must be clearly labeled as Figure 1, Figure 2, etc., at the
bottom of the figure, left justified, numbered in sequence, and must be referenced within the text of the article.
ALT tags will be applied to all graphics. The default tag will be the figure caption supplied by the author. Authors should
provide tag text for any graphics used as links to audio or videos.
Appendices All supplemental text not falling under the definition of a table or figure will be considered an appendix.
Appendices should be placed at the end of the manuscript, after the reference list. If possible, authors should provide a
link from the reference to the appendix in the manuscript (e.g., see Appendix A) to the beginning of the actual appendix.
Videos All videos must be submitted as RealMedia (.RM) (formatted files, optimized for Web use (see note following
this paragraph). (Flash animations should also be converted to .RM format.) Videos should be identified in the text as
Video 1, Video 2, etc., and video filenames should include the corresponding video numbers. Authors must provide a link
to the video within the article. This link could be a text link (e.g., Video 1) or a still frame from the video (i.e., a .GIF,
.PNG or .JPG file).
Audio files Audio files must be submitted as RealMedia (.RM) formatted files (see note just preceding this paragraph).
Audio files should be identified in the text as Audio 1, Audio 2, etc., and audio filenames should include the corresponding
audio numbers. Authors must provide a link to the audio within the article. This link could be a text link (e.g., Audio 1)
or a related graphic.
NOTE: For assistance with video and audio compression into multiple formats, Media Cleaner is one industry leader you
may find helpful.
GENERAL GUIDELINES
Material must be original, reflect the integrity expected of scholarly communication, and demonstrate a coherence and
unity that makes the paper both understandable and interesting. Before submitting an article, please review the following
suggestions. Original manuscripts received in correct form serve to expedite the review process, others will be returned to
author. Spelling, punctuation, sentence structure, and the mechanical elements of arrangements, spacing, length, and
consistency of usage in form and descriptions should be studied before submission.
--Length
Because this is an electronic journal the length of papers may vary. The length of your paper should be appropriate to the
topic and focus. We will accept some papers that are only two or three pages long and some that are as long as 40 or 50
pages. The critical issue is whether the length is appropriate.
--Originality
All manuscripts must be original. No manuscript will be considered which has already been published or is being considered
by another magazine or journal. However, if work described in conference proceedings is substantially revised and
extended, it will be considered. Submission of a manuscript represents certification by the author that the article is not
being considered nor has been published elsewhere.
--Handling of Manuscripts
All manuscripts are acknowledged upon receipt via email. Review is carried out as promptly as possible. The manuscript
will be reviewed by at least two members of the Editorial Review Board, which takes usually no more than eight weeks.
When a decision for publication or rejection is made, the first author or author designated to receive correspondence is
notified.
--Title Sheet
Do NOT include a title sheet. Manuscripts are blind reviewed so there should be no indication of the author(s) name on the
pages..
--Abstract
Each article should include an informative, comprehensive abstract of 75 to 200 words. This abstract should succinctly
summarize the major points of the paper, and the author's summary and/or conclusions.
--Mechanical Requirements
Because this is an electronic journal the length of papers may vary. The length of your paper should be appropriate to the
topic and focus. We will accept some papers that are only two or three pages long and some that are as long as 40 or 50
pages. The critical issue is whether the length is appropriate.
--Credits and Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments or appreciation to individuals for assistance with the manuscript or with the material reported should be
included in the Acknowledgment at the end of the article.
--References
Authors are responsible for checking the accuracy of all references and that all references cited in the text also appear in
the Reference section. All references should be in alphabetical order by author (unnumbered) American Psychological
Association (APA) style. Citation examples (1) book and (2) periodical:
man, Aytekin (1997). Distance Education: A guide for learners and teachers.
Ankara: Association Press.

man, G.Y. (1998). Student Perceptions on Distance Education. Distance Education,

8(1), 7-22.
--Citing Electronic Media
The following forms for citing on-line sources are taken from the APA Publication Guidelines, Appendix 3-A, Section I (pp.
218-222). Please see the APA manual for additional information on formatting electronic media. A block quote must be a
minimum of 40 words or four lines, single spaced (not 20 and double spaced as is presently noted). In citations, et al., can
only be used after all authors have been cited or referenced. As per APA all citations must match the reference list and vice
versa. A maximum of 40 references is recommended.
Elements of references to on-line information
Author, I. (date). Title of article. Name of Periodical [On-line], xx. Available: Specify path
Author, I., & Author, I. (date). Title of chapter. In Title of full work [On-line]. Available: Specify path
Author, I., Author, I., & Author, I. (date). Title of full work [On-line]. Available: Specify path
The date element should indicate the year of publication or, if the source undergoes regular
revision, the most recent update; if a date cannot be determined, provide an exact date of
your search. (p. 219)
An availability statement replaces the location and name of a publisher typically provided for
text references. Provide information sufficient to retrieve the material. For example, for
material that is widely available on networks, specify the method used to find the material,
such as the protocol (Telnet, FTP, Internet, etc.), the directory, and the file name. (p. 219)
Other Electronic Media
Author, I. (Version number) [CD-ROM]. (date). Location of producer/distributor: Name of producer/distributor.
Author, I. (date). Title of article [CD-ROM]. Title of Journal, xx, xxx-xxx. Abstract from: Source and tretrieval number
Author, I. (date). Name of Software (Version number) [Computer software]. Location of Location of producer/distributor:
Name of producer/distributor.
After the title of the work, insert in brackets as part of the title element (i.e., before the
period) the type of medium for the material (current examples include CD-ROM, Electronic
data tape, cartridge tape, and computer program). (p. 220)
Include the location and name of the producer and distributor if citing an entire bibliographic
database. (p. 220)
--URLs
Authors may provide links to interactive media or files containing animation, sound, and images that will help readers
better understand and envision the concepts authors are trying to express (see Multimedia Guidelines). Authors may
include up to 15 non-reference URLs for sites of interest to readers.
Contact Information
Prof.Dr. Aytekin MAN: Editor of TOJET

EDITORIAL BOARD
Editors
Prof. Dr. Aytekin man - Sakarya University, Turkey
Prof. Dr. Jerry Willis - ST John Fisher University in Rochester, USA
Prof. Dr. J. Ana Donaldson - AECT President
Associate Editor
Assist.Prof.Dr. Fahme Dabaj - Eastern Mediterranean University, TRNC
Assistant Editor
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Eric Zhi - Feng Liu - National Central University, Taiwan
Editorial Board
Prof.Dr. Ahmet Zeki Saka - Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Akif Ergin - Bakent University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Ali Al Mazari - Alfaisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Prof.Dr. Ali Ekrem zkul - Anadolu University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Antoinette J. Muntjewerff - University of Amsterdam
Prof.Dr. Arif Altun - Hacettepe University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Arvind Singhal - University of Texas, USA
Prof.Dr. Asaf Varol - Frat University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Aytekin man - Sakarya University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Brent G. Wilson - University of Colorado at Denver, USA
Prof.Dr. Buket Akkoyunlu - Hacettepe University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Cengiz Hakan Aydn - Anadolu University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Chang-Shing Lee - National University of Tainan, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Charlotte N. (Lani) Gunawardena - University of New Mexico, USA
Prof.Dr. Chi - Jui Lien - National Taipei University of Education, Taiwan

Prof.Dr. Chih - Kai Chang - National University of Taiwan, Taiwan

Prof.Dr. Chin-Min Hsiung - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Colin Latchem - Open Learning Consultant, Australia
Prof.Dr. Colleen Sexton - Governor State University, USA
Prof.Dr. Demetrios G. Sampson - University of Piraeus, Greece
Prof.Dr. Dimiter G. Velev - University of National and World Economy, Bulgaria
Prof.Dr. Don M. Flournoy - Ohio University, USA
Prof.Dr. Dongsik Kim - Hanyang University, South Korea
Prof.Dr. Enver Tahir Rza - Dokuz Eyll University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Eralp Altun - Ege University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Feng-chiao Chung - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Ferhan Odaba - Anadolu University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Finland Cheng - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Fong Soon Fook - Uniiversiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Prof.Dr. Francine Shuchat Shaw - New York University, USA
Prof.Dr. Gianni Viardo Vercelli - University of Genova, Italy
Prof.Dr. Gwo - Dong Chen - National Central University Chung - Li, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Hafize Keser - Ankara University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Halil brahim Yaln - Gazi University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Heli Ruokamo - University of Lapland, Finland
Prof.Dr. Henry H.H. Chen - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Ing. Giovanni Adorni - University of Genova, Italy
Prof.Dr. J. Ana Donaldson - AECT President
Prof.Dr. J. Michael Spector - University of North Texas, USA
Prof.Dr. Jerry Willis - ST John Fisher University in Rochester, USA
Prof.Dr. Jie-Chi Yang - National central university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Kinshuk - Athabasca University, Canada
Prof.Dr. Kiyoshi Nakabayashi - Chiba Institute of Technology, Japan
Prof.Dr. Kumiko Aoki - The Open University of Japan, Japan
Prof.Dr. Kuo - En Chang - National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Kuo - Hung Tseng - Meiho Institute of Technology, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Kuo - Robert Lai - Yuan - Ze University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Liu Meifeng - Beijing Normal University, China
Prof.Dr. Marina Stock Mcisaac - Arizona State University, USA
Prof.Dr. Mehmet Ali Dikermen - Middlesex University, UK
Prof.Dr. Mehmet alar - Near East University, TRNC
Prof.Dr. Mehmet Grol - Frat University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Mehmet Kesim - Anadolu University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Mei-Mei Chang - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Melissa Hu-Mei Fan - National central university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Min Jou - National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Ming - Puu Chen - National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Murat Barkan - Yaar University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Mustafa Murat Inceolu - Ege University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Mustafa ahin Dndar - Sakarya University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Nabi Bux Jumani - International Islamic University, Pakistan
Prof.Dr. Nian - Shing Chen - National Sun Yat - Sen University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Paul Gibbs - Middlesex University, UK
Prof.Dr. Petek Akar - Hacettepe University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Ramdane Younsi - Ecole polytechnique de Montreal, Canada
Prof.Dr. Ramzan Abac - Istanbul Ticaret University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Rauf Yldz - anakkale 19 Mart University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Roger Hartley - University of Leeds, UK
Prof.Dr. Rozhan Hj. Mohammed Idrus - Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Prof.Dr. Saedah Siraj - University of Malaya, Malaysia
Prof.Dr. Sello Mokoena - University of South Africa, South Africa
Prof.Dr. Servet Bayram - Yeditepe University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Shan - Ju Lin - National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Sheng Quan Yu - Beijing Normal University, China
Prof.Dr. Shi-Jer Lou - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Shu - Sheng Liaw - China Medical University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Shu-Hsuan Chang - National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Stefan Aufenanger - University of Mainz, Germany
Prof.Dr. Stephen Harmon - Georgia State University, USA
Prof.Dr. Stephen J.H. Yang - National Central University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Sun Fuwan - China Open University, China
Prof.Dr. Sunny S.J. Lin - National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Teressa Franklin - Ohio University, USA
Prof.Dr. Toshio Okamoto - University of Electro - Communications, Japan
Prof.Dr. Toshiyuki Yamamoto - Japan
Prof.Dr. Tzu - Chien Liu - National Central University, Taiwan

Prof.Dr. lk Kymen - Lefke European University, TRNC

Prof.Dr. Vaseudev D.Kulkarni - Hutatma Rajjguru College, Rajguruunagar(Pune),(M.S.) INDIA
Prof.Dr. Xibin Han - Tsinghua University, China
Prof.Dr. Yau Hon Keung - City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Prof.Dr. Yavuz Akpinar - Boazii University, Turkey
Prof.Dr. Yen-Hsyang Chu - National central university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Yuan - Chen Liu - National Taipei University of Education, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Yuan-Kuang Guu - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Prof.Dr. Young-Kyung Min - University of Washington, USA
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Abdullah Kuzu - Anadolu University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Adile Akm Kurt - Anadolu University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ahmet Eskicumal Sakarya University
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Aijaz Ahmed Gujjar - Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Pakistan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Anita G. Welch - Emirates College for Advanced Education, UAE
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ayta G - Sabanc University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Chen - Chung Liu - National Central University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Cheng - Huang Yen - National Open University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ching - fan Chen - Tamkang University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ching Hui Alice Chen - Ming Chuan University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Chiung - sui Chang - Tamkang University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Danguole Rutkauskiene - Kauno Technology University, Lietvenia
Assoc.Prof.Dr. David Tawei Ku - Tamkang University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Eric Meng - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Eric Zhi Feng Liu - National central university, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Erkan Tekinarslan - Bolu Abant zzet Baysal University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ezendu Ariwa - London Metropolitan University, U.K.
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Fahad N. AlFahad - King Saud University
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Fahriye Altinay - Near East University, TRNC
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Gurnam Kaur Sidhu - Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Hao - Chiang Lin - National University of Tainan, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Hasan alkan - Anadolu University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Hasan KARAL - Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Hsin - Chih Lin - National University of Tainan, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Huey - Ching Jih - National Hsinchu University of Education, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Huichen Zhao - School of Education, Henan University, China
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Hseyin Yaratan - Eastern Mediterranean University, TRNC
Assoc.Prof.Dr. I - Wen Huang - National University of Tainan, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. I Tsun Chiang - National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ian Sanders - University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Assoc.Prof.Dr. smail pek - Fatih University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Il Kabakc - Anadolu University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Jie - Chi Yang - National Central University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. John I-Tsun Chiang - National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ju - Ling Shih - National University of Taiwan, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Koong Lin - National University of Tainan, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Kuo - Chang Ting - Ming - HSIN University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Kuo - Liang Ou - National Hsinchu University of Education, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Larysa M. Mytsyk - Gogol State University, Ukraine
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Li - An Ho - Tamkang University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Li Yawan - China Open University, China
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Manoj Kumar Saxena - Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, Kangra, India
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Mike Joy - University of Warwick, UK
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ming-Charng Jeng - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Murat Ataizi - Anadolu University, Turkey
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Nergz Serin - Cyprus International University, TRNC
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Norazah Mohd Suki - Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Normaliza Abd Rahim - Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ouz Serin - Cyprus International University, TRNC
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ping - Kuen Chen - National Defense University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Popat S. Tambade - Prof. Ramkrishna More College, India
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Prakash Khanale - Dnyanopasak College, INDIA
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Pramela Krish - Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Tzu - Hua Wang - National Hsinchu University of Education, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Vincent Ru-Chu Shih - National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Wu - Yuin Hwang - National Central University, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ya-Ling Wu - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Assoc.Prof Dr. Yahya O Mohamed Elhadj - AL Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud University, Saudi Arabia
Assoc.Prof Dr. Yavuz Akbulut - Anadolu University
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Zehra Altnay - Near East University, TRNC
Assoc.Prof.Dr. Zhi - Feng Liu - National Central University, Taiwan

Assist.Prof.Dr. Aaron L. Davenport - Grand View College, USA

Assist.Prof.Dr. Andreja Istenic Starcic - University of Primorska, Slovenija
Assist.Prof.Dr. Betl zkan - University of Arizona, USA
Assist.Prof.Dr. Burin Ksa Ik - Gaziantep University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Chiu - Pin Lin - National Hsinchu University of Education, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Chun - Ping Wu - Tamkang University, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Chun - Yi Shen - Tamkang University, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Chung-Yuan Hsu - National pingtung university, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Dale Havill - Dhofar University, Sultanate of Oman
Assist.Prof.Dr. Ferman Konukman - College of Arts and Science, Sport Science Program, Qatar University
Assist.Prof.Dr. Filiz Varol - Frat University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Guan - Ze Liao - National Hsinchu University of Education, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Hsiang chin - hsiao - Shih - Chien University, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Huei - Tse Hou - National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Hseyin nl - Aksaray University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Jagannath. K Dange - Kuvempu University, India
Assist.Prof.Dr. K. B. Praveena - University of Mysore, India
Assist.Prof.Dr. Kanvaria Vinod Kumar - University of Delhi, India
Assist.Prof.Dr. Marko Radovan - University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
Assist.Prof.Dr. Min-Hsien Lee - National central university, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Mohammad Akram Mohammad Al-Zu'bi - Jordan Al Balqa Applied University, Jordan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Muhammet Demirbilek - Sleyman Demirel University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Pamela Ewell - Central College of IOWA, USA
Assist.Prof.Dr. Pei-Hsuan Hsieh - National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Pey-Yan Liou - National central university, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Phaik Kin, Cheah - Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, Perak
Assist.Prof.Dr. Ping - Yeh Tsai - Tamkang University, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. S. Arulchelvan - Anna University, India
Assist.Prof.Dr. Seil Kaya - Anadolu University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Selma Ko Vonderwell - Cleveland State University, Cleveland
Assist.Prof.Dr. Sunil Kumar - National Institute of Technology, India
Assist.Prof.Dr. Tsung - Yen Chuang - National University of Taiwan, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Vahid Motamedi - Tarbiat Moallem University, Iran
Assist.Prof.Dr. Yaln Kl Trel - Frat University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Yu - Ju Lan - National Taipei University of Education, Taiwan
Assist.Prof.Dr. Zehra Alako Burma - Mersin University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Zerrin Ayvaz Reis - stanbul University, Turkey
Assist.Prof.Dr. Zlf Gen - Frat University, Turkey
Dr. Arnaud P. Prevot - Forest Ridge School of the Sacred Heart, USA
Dr. Ayta G - Sabanc University, Turkey
Dr. Balakrishnan Muniandy - Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Dr. Brendan Tangney - Trinity College, Ireland
Dr. Chen Haishan - China Open University, China
Dr. Chin Hai Leng - University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Chin Yeh Wang - National Central University, Taiwan
Dr. Chun Hsiang Chen - National Central University, Taiwan
Dr. Chun Hung Lin - National central university, Taiwan
Dr. Farrah Dina Yusop - University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Hj. Issham Ismail - Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
Dr. Hj. Mohd Arif Hj. Ismail - National University of Malaysia, Malaysia
Dr. I-Hen Tsai - National University of Tainan, Taiwan
Dr. smail pek - Bilkent University, Turkey
Dr. Jarkko Suhonen - University of Eastern Finland, Finland
Dr. Li Ying - China Open University, China
Dr. Norlidah Alias - University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Rosnaini Mahmud - Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Dr. Sachin Sharma - Faridabad Institute of Technology, Faridabad
Dr. Seetharam Chittoor Jhansi - Pushpa Navnit Shah Centre for Lifelong Learning, India
Dr. Tam Shu Sim - University of Malaya, Malaysia
Dr. Tiong Goh - Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Dr. Vikrant Mishra - Shivalik College of Education, India
Dr. Zahra Naimie - University of Malaya, Malaysia

Ethics Rules:
- The author(s) warrant that the manuscript submitted is his/her/their own original research.

- All participated authors in this work take public responsibility and have approved that the manuscript has not
been sent any other journal for publication.
- All matter included in the manuscript does not violate any existing copyright rules and any intellectual property
rights of any person or entity.
- The manuscript meets ethical standards applicable to the research discipline.
- All peer review publications will be refereed in double-blind review process by at least two international reviewers
with expertise in the relevant subject area. Book, Software and Website Reviews will not be reviewed, but
the editors reserve the right to refuse or edit review.

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copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies
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