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Chapter 1 Exercises
Enterprise Computing System - Wal-Marts inventory control system, Boeings
production control system, and Hilton Hotels reservation system
Transaction Computing System - Wal-Mart sells a candy bar, it marks one off the
inventory list. Boeing sells 1000 pieces of product, they update the workload.
Hilton Hotel has a guest stay a night in a suite, they verify all information and charge
them when they leave.
7. What are the four organizational levels common to many businesses? Which level typically
requiresdata that supports long-term strategic planning and the overall business enterprise?
What level ofworker might rely heavily on transaction processing systems?
Operational Employees, Supervisors & Team Leaders, Middle Managers and Knowledge
Workers, Top Managers.Top Managers typically need data that supports long-term strategic
planning. Operational Employees are the workers that most likely deal with TP systems.
8. Describe three systems development tools and three development methods.
The three Systems Development Tools are :
Modeling - produces a graphical representation of a concept or process that systems
developers can analyze, test, and modify.
Prototyping - tests system concepts and provides an opportunity to examine input, output,
and user interfaces before final decisions are made.
Computer-Aided systems engineering (CASE) tools - provide an overall framework for
systems development and support a wide variety of design methodologies, including
structured analysis and object-oriented analysis.
The three system development methods are
Structured analysis Structured analysis uses a series of phases to plan, analyze,
design, implement and support an information system.
Object- Oriented Analysis - combines data and the processes that act on the data
into things called objects.
Agile Methods - attempt to develop a system incrementally, by building a
series of prototypes and constantly adjusting them to user requirements.
9. What are the phases of the SDLC waterfall model? Who was Barry Boehm, and what did
he have to say about spiral models?
The waterfall model is a sequential design process, used in software development
processes in which progress is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall)
through the phases of conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing,
production/implementation and maintenance.
Spiral models initially were suggested in the 1990s by Barry Boehm, a noted software
engineering professor. He stated that each iteration, or phase, of the model must have a
specific goal that is accepted, rejected, or changed by the user, or client. Thus, each
Chapter 1 Exercises
iteration produces feedback and enhancements, which enable the team to reach the overall
project goal. Typically, each iteration in a spiral model includes planning, risk analysis,
engineering, and evaluation. The repeated iterations produce a series of prototypes, which
evolve into the finished system. Notice that these phases resemble SDLC tasks, which also
can be iterative.
10. Review the IBM history on page 4, and then consider the powerful statement shown in
Figure 1-33on page 33. Is there a connection between the two? Why or why not?
There is a connection between the two. It is referring to how Herman Hollerith
changed the business world with his punch card technology. He did that all by himself but
now his company offers the brains of many other intelligent workers to all collaborate with
one another so that any employee may flourish.