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3p
8 a
Using p = 13 <c2>, we have <c2> = [1]
5
31.0110
= 0.179 = 1.69106m2s2[1]
so average speed = 1.69106 = 1350ms1[1]
b This is considerably faster than air molecules
at the same pressure because the He atoms
have a much smaller mass, so greater speed
needed for same energy.
[1]
23
1 a i 6.0210 [1]
ii Chlorine is diatomic, so 12.01023[1]
iii 1000NA = 6.021026[1]
b i 4NA = 24.11023[1]
ii One C atom per molecule, so 24.11023[1]
iii Two O atoms per molecule, so 48.21023[1]
2 a
1mol = 197g
[1]
so 1000g = 1000
197 mol = 5.08mol 5.1mol
[1]
3 a
Pressure p2 = V [1] 10
2
5
10 140
= 42 = 3.4105Pa
[1]
b The temperature of the gas would increase,
causing pressure to be higher than in a.[1]
p1V1
4 V2 = p [1]
2
350.42
= 10 [1]
= 1.47 1.5cm3[1]
assumes that the temperature at 25m depth
is equal to the temperature at the surface of
the water
[1]
5 a
Using pV = nRT, we have
pV
4.810 0.040
n = RT = 8.31293 [1]
= 7.89mol 7.9mol
[1] 11
b Using pV = nRT, we have
pV
4.810 0.040
n = RT = 8.31293
= 347g 350g
[1]
[1]
[1]
nRT 18.31273
V = p = 1.01105 = 22.4dm3[1]
NkT
7 Using pV = NkT, we have p = V so[1]
26
23
3.010 1.3810 400
[1]
p =
0.200
= 8.31106Pa
[1]
a An ideal gas is a gas that obeys the ideal gas
law
at all temperatures
[1]
and pressures.
[1]
b i 125 (mol)
[1]
23
25
ii 1256.0210 = 7.5310 (molecules) [1]
c pV = nRT
[1]
V =
1258.31300
[1]
5
510
= 0.62m3[1]
d i The helium does work on the atmosphere.
[1]
Energy is taken from the helium.
[1]
ii The average speed drops.
[1]
13
a 4410N
b i Mass = 3690kg
ii 1.27105mol
c To achieve lift, a minimum of 450kg of air
must leave the balloon.
Maximum mass of remaining air
= 3690450 = 3240kg
3240
1.0310 3000
T = 1.121058.31
= 332K (59C)
[1]
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