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Course A, Lecture 4
[100] [110]
[010]
[100] [110]
! t = Ua + Vb + Wc
[010]
[100] [110]
[100] [110]
written simply as :
[010]
[100] [110]
written simply as : [U V W]
[010]
[100] [110]
written simply as : [U V W]
[100] [110]
written simply as : [U V W]
[100] [110]
written simply as : [U V W]
[100] [110]
written simply as : [U V W]
[100] [110]
written simply as : [U V W]
[010]
[100] [110]
written simply as : [U V W]
[100] [110]
[0 1 1]
written simply as : [U V W]
[100] [110]
[1 10]
[1 10]
[0 1 1]
written simply as : [U V W]
[100] [110]
[1 10]
[1 10]
[0 1 1]
[100] [110]
[1 10]
[1 10]
[0 1 1]
[100] [110]
[1 10]
[1 10]
[0 1 1]
[1 10]
[1 10]
[0 1 1]
[1 0 1]
Cd crystal
before
[1 10] deformation
[1 10]
[0 1 1]
[1 0 1]
Cd crystal
before
[1 10] deformation
[1 10]
[0 1 1]
[1 0 1]
Cd crystal
before
[1 10] deformation
[1 10]
Easy slip
occurs along
[0 1 1] close-packed
planes
[1 0 1]
Cd crystal
before
[1 10] deformation
[1 10]
Easy slip
occurs along
[0 1 1] close-packed
planes
[1 0 1]
slip steps
Cd crystal
before
[1 10] deformation
[1 10]
Easy slip
occurs along
[0 1 1] close-packed
planes
[1 0 1]
slip steps
Cd crystal
before
deformation
Easy slip
occurs along
close-packed
planes
slip steps
slip planes
After
deformation
Cd crystal
before
deformation
Easy slip
occurs along
close-packed
planes
slip steps
slip planes
Cd crystal
before
deformation
Easy slip
occurs along
close-packed
planes
slip steps
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
slip planes
Cd crystal
before
deformation
Easy slip
occurs along
close-packed
planes
slip steps
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
! λ = 2 d hkl s i n θ
slip planes
Cd crystal
before
deformation
Easy slip
occurs along
close-packed
planes
slip steps
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
! λ = 2 d hkl s i n θ
slip planes (Bragg’s law)
Cd crystal
before
deformation
Easy slip
occurs along
close-packed
planes
slip steps
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
! λ = 2 d hkl s i n θ
slip planes (Bragg’s law)
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
! λ = 2 d hkl s i n θ
(Bragg’s law)
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
! λ = 2 d hkl s i n θ
(Bragg’s law)
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
! λ = 2 d hkl s i n θ
(Bragg’s law)
procedure
constructive interference of
diffracted x-rays occurs
when:
! λ = 2 d hkl s i n θ
(Bragg’s law)
procedure
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
Defines
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
Defines
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
Defines
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
Defines
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
Defines
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure origin
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
1 stp l a n e a w a y
from origin
procedure origin
( a )! s e l e c t a n o r i g i n a t c o r n e r o f
! unit cell from which 1 st plane from origin
! intercepts of planes along
! axes can be seen.
( b )! determine the positions of
! intercepts of the first plane
! away from the origin along x,
! y and z axes.
( c )! intercepts are at a/h, b/k and
! c/l, where a,b,c are
! dimensions of the unit cell
! and hkl are integers.
Intercepts x-axis at 1
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
b
/k = ∞ ; k=0
origin
a/2
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
(2 1) planes b
/k= b/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
b
/k = ∞ ; k=0
origin
a/2
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
a/3
(2 1) planes b
/k= b
/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
b
/k = ∞ ; k=0
origin
a/2
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h -b/1 y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
a/3
(2 1) planes b
/k= b
/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
b
/k = ∞ ; k=0
origin
a/2
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h -b/1 y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
a/3
(2 1) planes b
/k= b
/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
b
/k = ∞ ; k=0
origin
a/2
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h -b/1 y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
a/3
(2 1) planes b
/k= b
/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
chosen origin
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
b
/k = ∞ ; k=0
origin
a/2
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h -b/1 y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
a/3
(2 1) planes b
/k= b
/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h -b/1 y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
a/3
(2 1) planes b
/k= b
/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
(2 0) planes
( 1 )! choose an
! origin
( 2 )! c h o o s e 1 st
! plane away
! from origin
b/k
( 3 )! l o o k a t
! intercepts origin
a/h -b/1 y
a
/h= a/2 ; h=2
a/3
(2 1) planes b
/k= b
/1 ; k=1
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞
Intercepts x-axis at 1 x
a
/h= a/1 ; h=1
origin (3 1 ) planes
Intercepts y-axis at ∞