Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
0HQX
Over1.1mfollowers-RLQXV
6HDUFKWKLVZHEVLWH
6HDUFK
6FLHQFHRI'LHW
0HDO3ODQV
)RRGV
6XEVFULEH
&RQWDFW
$ERXW
6XEVFULEH
VitaminDTheUltimateGuide
%\.ULV*XQQDUV%6F|
'HFHPEHU
|
YLHZV
/LNH
N
<RXPD\EHVXUSULVHGWROHDUQWKDWYLWDPLQ'LVFRPSOHWHO\GLIIHUHQWIURPPRVWRWKHUYLWDPLQV
,WLVDFWXDOO\DhormoneDVWHURLGKRUPRQHWKDWLVSURGXFHGRXWRIFKROHVWHUROZKHQ\RXUVNLQLVH[SRVHGWRWKHVXQ
)RUWKLVUHDVRQYLWDPLQ'LVRIWHQUHIHUUHGWRDVWKHVXQVKLQHYLWDPLQ
+RZHYHUVXQH[SRVXUHLVRIWHQLQDGHTXDWHWKHVHGD\VPDNLQJLWQHFHVVDU\IRUSHRSOHWRJHWPRUHRILWIURPWKHGLHWRUVXSSOHPHQWV
7KLVLVLPSRUWDQWEHFDXVHYLWDPLQ'LVabsolutelyessentialIRURSWLPDOKHDOWK
8QIRUWXQDWHO\RQO\DKDQGIXORIIRRGVFRQWDLQVLJQLILFDQWDPRXQWVRIWKLVYLWDPLQDQGGHILFLHQF\LVH[WUHPHO\FRPPRQ
,QIDFWDFFRUGLQJWRGDWDIURPDwhopping41.6%RIWKH86SRSXODWLRQLVGHILFLHQWLQWKLVFULWLFDOYLWDPLQKRUPRQH
7KLVDUWLFOHH[SODLQVHYHU\WKLQJ\RXQHHGWRNQRZDERXWYLWDPLQ'
WhatisVitaminD?
9LWDPLQ'LVRQHRIWKHIDWVROXEOHYLWDPLQV$'(DQG.PHDQLQJWKDWLWGLVVROYHVLQIDWRLODQGFDQEHVWRUHGLQWKHERG\IRUDORQJWLPH
7KHUHDUHDFWXDOO\WZRPDLQIRUPVIRXQGLQWKHGLHW
VitaminD3(cholecalciferol):)RXQGLQVRPHDQLPDOIRRGVOLNHIDWW\ILVKDQGHJJ\RONV
VitaminD2(ergocalciferol):)RXQGLQVRPHPXVKURRPV
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
WhatDoesVitaminDDoinTheBody?
9LWDPLQ'LVDFWXDOO\SUHWW\XVHOHVVDWILUVW
,WQHHGVWRJRWKURXJKWZRFRQYHUVLRQVWHSVWREHFRPHDFWLYH
)LUVWLWLVFRQYHUWHGWRFDOFLGLRORU2+'LQWKHOLYHU7KLVLVWKHVWRUDJHIRUPRIWKHYLWDPLQLQWKHERG\
6HFRQGLWLVFRQYHUWHGWRFDOFLWULRORU2+'PRVWO\LQWKHNLGQH\V7KLVLVWKHDFWLYHVWHURLGKRUPRQHIRUPRIYLWDPLQ'
&DOFLWULROWUDYHOVDURXQGWKHERG\JRLQJLQWRWKHQXFOHLRIFHOOV7KHUHLWLQWHUDFWVZLWKDUHFHSWRUFDOOHGWKHYLWDPLQ'UHFHSWRU9'5ZKLFKLV
IRXQGLQDOPRVWHYHU\VLQJOHFHOORIWKHERG\
:KHQWKHDFWLYHIRUPRIYLWDPLQ'ELQGVWRWKLVUHFHSWRULWWXUQVJHQHVRQRURIIOHDGLQJWRFKDQJHVLQWKHFHOOV7KLVLVVLPLODUWRKRZPRVW
RWKHUVWHURLGKRUPRQHVZRUN
,WLVZHOONQRZQWKDWYLWDPLQ'DIIHFWVYDULRXVFHOOVUHODWHGWRERQHKHDOWKIRUH[DPSOHWHOOLQJWKHFHOOVLQWKHJXWWRDEVRUEFDOFLXPDQGSKRVSKRUXV
%XWVFLHQWLVWVKDYHQRZIRXQGLWWREHLQYROYHGLQallsortsRIRWKHUSURFHVVHVLQFOXGLQJLPPXQHIXQFWLRQDQGSURWHFWLRQDJDLQVWFDQFHU
6RSHRSOHZKRDUHGHILFLHQWLQYLWDPLQ'ZLOOEHGHILFLHQWLQFDOFLWULROWKHVWHURLGKRUPRQHIRUPVRLQHIIHFWWKH\DUHGHILFLHQWLQRQHRIWKHERG\V
FULWLFDOKRUPRQHV
BottomLine:9LWDPLQ'LVWXUQHGLQWRFDOFLGLROWKHVWRUDJHIRUPRIWKHYLWDPLQZKLFKLVWKHQFRQYHUWHGLQWRFDOFLWULROWKHDFWLYH
VWHURLGIRUP&DOFLWULROELQGVWRWKHYLWDPLQ'UHFHSWRULQVLGHFHOOVWXUQLQJJHQHVRQRURII
SunshineisTheBestWaytoGetVitaminD
9LWDPLQ'FDQEHSURGXFHGRXWRIFKROHVWHUROLQWKHVNLQZKHQLWLVH[SRVHGWRWKHVXQ7KHXOWUDYLROHW%89%UD\VIURPWKHVXQSURYLGHWKHHQHUJ\
QHHGHGIRUWKHUHDFWLRQWRRFFXU
,I\RXOLYHZKHUHWKHUHLVDEXQGDQWVXQ\HDUURXQGWKHQ\RXFDQSUREDEO\JHWDOOWKHYLWDPLQ'\RXQHHGE\MXVWJRLQJRXWVLGHDQGVXQEDWKLQJDIHZ
WLPHVSHUZHHN
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
.HHSLQPLQGWKDW\RXQHHGWRH[SRVHDODUJHSDUWRI\RXUERG\,I\RXUHRQO\H[SRVLQJ\RXUIDFHDQGKDQGVWKHQ\RXZLOOSURGXFHPXFKOHVVYLWDPLQ
'
$OVRLI\RXVWD\EHKLQGJODVVRUXVHVXQVFUHHQWKHQ\RXZLOOSURGXFHOHVVYLWDPLQ'RUQRQHDWDOO
7KLVPDNHVWKHDGYLFHWRXVHVXQVFUHHQWRSURWHFWDJDLQVWVNLQFDQFHUKLJKO\TXHVWLRQDEOH,WUDLVHV\RXUULVNRIYLWDPLQ'GHILFLHQF\ZKLFKPD\OHDG
WRRWKHUGLVHDVHVLQVWHDG
,I\RXGHFLGHWRJHW\RXUYLWDPLQ'IURPWKHVXQMXVWPDNHVXUHWRnever,everEXUQ
6XQVKLQHLVKHDOWK\EXWVXQEXUQVFDQFDXVHSUHPDWXUHDJLQJRIWKHVNLQDQGUDLVH\RXUULVNRIVNLQFDQFHU
,I\RXUHVWD\LQJLQWKHVXQIRUDORQJWLPHFRQVLGHUJRLQJZLWKRXWVXQVFUHHQIRUWKHILUVWPLQXWHVRUVRGHSHQGLQJRQ\RXUVHQVLWLYLW\WRVXQ
WKHQDSSO\LWEHIRUH\RXVWDUWEXUQLQJ
9LWDPLQ'JHWVVWRUHGLQWKHERG\IRUDORQJWLPHZHHNVRUPRQWKVVR\RXPD\RQO\QHHGRFFDVLRQDOVXQWRNHHS\RXUEORRGOHYHOVDGHTXDWH
$OOWKDWEHLQJVDLGQRWHYHU\RQHLQFOXGLQJP\VHOIOLYHVZKHUHWKHUHLVVXQ\HDUURXQG,QWKHVHFDVHVJHWWLQJYLWDPLQ'IURPIRRGVRUVXSSOHPHQWV
EHFRPHVDEVROXWHO\HVVHQWLDOHVSHFLDOO\GXULQJWKHZLQWHUPRQWKV
BottomLine:6XQVKLQHLVWKHEHVWZD\WRJHWYLWDPLQ'EXWVXQVFUHHQEORFNVLWVSURGXFWLRQ0DQ\SHRSOHGRQWKDYHDFFHVVWRVXQVKLQH
IRUPRVWRIWKH\HDU
VeryFewFoodsContainThisVitamininSignificantAmounts
+HUHLVWKHYLWDPLQ'FRQWHQWRIDIHZVHOHFWIRRGV
$OWKRXJKIDWW\ILVKOLNHVDOPRQPDFNHUHOVZRUGILVKWURXWWXQDDQGVDUGLQHVDUHGHFHQWVRXUFHV\RXZRXOGKDYHWRHDWWKHPDOPRVWHYHU\VLQJOHGD\
WRJHWHQRXJK
7KHonlyUHDOO\JRRGGLHWDU\VRXUFHRIYLWDPLQ'LVILVKOLYHURLOVVXFKDVFRGILVKOLYHURLOFRQWDLQLQJXSWZRWRWLPHVWKHGDLO\YDOXHLQDVLQJOH
WDEOHVSRRQ
.HHSLQPLQGWKDWGDLU\SURGXFWVDQGFHUHDOVDUHRIWHQIRUWLILHGZLWKYLWDPLQ'
6RPHUDUHPXVKURRPVDOVRFRQWDLQYLWDPLQ'DQGHJJ\RONVFRQWDLQVPDOODPRXQWV
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
BottomLine:&RGILVKOLYHURLOLVWKHVLQJOHEHVWVRXUFHRIYLWDPLQ')DWW\ILVKLVDOVRDJRRGVRXUFHEXW\RXKDYHWRHDWLWYHU\RIWHQ
WRJHWHQRXJK
VitaminDDeficiencyisSeriousBusiness
9LWDPLQ'GHILFLHQF\LVRQHRIWKHPRVWFRPPRQQXWULHQWGHILFLHQFLHV
6RPHSHRSOHDUHDWJUHDWHUULVNWKDQRWKHUV$OWKRXJKWKHDYHUDJHLVDURXQGWKLVSHUFHQWDJHJRHVXSWRLQEODFNSHRSOHDQGLQ
+LVSDQLFV
(OGHUO\SHRSOHDUHDOVRDWDPXFKJUHDWHUULVNRIEHLQJGHILFLHQW
3HRSOHZKRKDYHFHUWDLQGLVHDVHVDUHDOVRYHU\OLNHO\WREHGHILFLHQW2QHVWXG\VKRZHGWKDWRIKHDUWDWWDFNSDWLHQWVZHUHORZRQYLWDPLQ'
8QIRUWXQDWHO\YLWDPLQ'GHILFLHQF\LVDVLOHQWHSLGHPLF7KHV\PSWRPVDUHXVXDOO\VXEWOHDQGPD\WDNH\HDUVRUGHFDGHVWRVXUIDFH
7KHPRVWZHOONQRZQV\PSWRPRIYLWDPLQ'GHILFLHQF\LVDGLVHDVHRIWKHERQHVFDOOHGULFNHWVZKLFKLVFRPPRQLQFKLOGUHQLQGHYHORSLQJFRXQWULHV
+RZHYHUGXHWRSXEOLFKHDOWKPHDVXUHVEDFNLQWKHGD\WKH\VWDUWHGIRUWLI\LQJVRPHIRRGVZLWKYLWDPLQ'ZKLFKPRVWO\HOLPLQDWHGULFNHWVIURP
:HVWHUQVRFLHWLHV
'HILFLHQF\KDVDOVREHHQOLQNHGWRRVWHRSRURVLVUHGXFHGPLQHUDOGHQVLW\DQGLQFUHDVHGULVNRIIDOOVDQGIUDFWXUHVLQWKHHOGHUO\
6WXGLHVKDYHDOVRVKRZQWKDWSHRSOHZLWKORZYLWDPLQ'OHYHOVKDYHDPXFKJUHDWHUULVNRIKHDUWGLVHDVHGLDEHWHVERWKW\SHDQGW\SHFDQFHU
GHPHQWLDDQGDXWRLPPXQHGLVHDVHVOLNHPXOWLSOHVFOHURVLVWRQDPHDIHZ
9LWDPLQ'GHILFLHQF\KDVDOVREHHQOLQNHGWRDVLJQLILFDQWO\LQFUHDVHGULVNRIGHDWKIURPDOOFDXVHV
:KHWKHUEHLQJYLWDPLQ'GHILFLHQWDFWXDOO\contributesWRWKHVHGLVHDVHVRUZKHWKHUSHRSOHZKRKDYHORZYLWDPLQ'OHYHOVDUHMXVWmorelikelyWRJHW
WKHPLVQRWDVFOHDU
BottomLine:9LWDPLQ'GHILFLHQF\LVDZHOONQRZQFDXVHRIDERQHGLVHDVHFDOOHGULFNHWVLQFKLOGUHQ+RZHYHUGHILFLHQF\KDVDOVR
EHHQOLQNHGWRPDQ\RWKHUKHDOWKSUREOHPVDVZHOODVUHGXFHGOLIHH[SHFWDQF\
HealthBenefitsofGettingPlentyofVitaminD
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
9LWDPLQ'KDVUHFHLYHGFRQVLGHUDEOHPDLQVWUHDPDWWHQWLRQLQUHFHQW\HDUVDQGGHFDGHV
5HVHDUFKRQLWKDVJRWWHQORWVRIIXQGLQJDQGKXQGUHGVRIVWXGLHVKDYHEHHQGRQH
+HUHDUHVRPHSRWHQWLDOEHQHILWVRIJHWWLQJSOHQW\RIYLWDPLQ'
Osteoporosis,fallsandfractures:+LJKHUGRVHVRIYLWDPLQ'FDQKHOSSUHYHQWRVWHRSRURVLVIDOOVDQGIUDFWXUHVLQWKHHOGHUO\
Strength:9LWDPLQ'VXSSOHPHQWDWLRQFDQLQFUHDVHSK\VLFDOVWUHQJWKLQERWKXSSHUDQGORZHUOLPEV
Cancer:9LWDPLQ'PD\KHOSSUHYHQWFDQFHU2QHVWXG\VKRZHGWKDW,8SHUGD\DORQJZLWKFDOFLXPUHGXFHGFDQFHUULVNE\
Depression:6WXGLHVKDYHVKRZQYLWDPLQ'VXSSOHPHQWDWLRQWRFDXVHPLOGUHGXFWLRQLQV\PSWRPVLQSHRSOHZLWKFOLQLFDOGHSUHVVLRQ
Type1diabetes:2QHVWXG\LQLQIDQWVIRXQGWKDW,8RIYLWDPLQ'SHUGD\UHGXFHGWKHULVNRIW\SHGLDEHWHVE\
Mortality:6RPHVWXGLHVKDYHVKRZQWKDWYLWDPLQ'VXSSOHPHQWDWLRQUHGXFHVSHRSOHVULVNRIG\LQJGXULQJWKHVWXG\SHULRGVLQGLFDWLQJWKDWLW
PD\KHOS\RXOLYHORQJHU
7KLVLVDFWXDOO\MXVWWKHWLSRIWKHLFHEHUJ
/RZYLWDPLQ'OHYHOVKDYHEHHQOLQNHGWRDOOVRUWVRIGLVHDVHVDQGVXSSOHPHQWDWLRQKDVEHHQVKRZQWRKDYHQXPHURXVRWKHUEHQHILWV
+RZHYHUNHHSLQPLQGWKDWPXFKRIWKLVLVQRWGHILQLWHO\proven$FFRUGLQJWRDUHFHQWUHYLHZPRUHHYLGHQFHLVQHHGHGWRFRQILUPPDQ\RI
WKHVHEHQHILWV
BottomLine:7DNLQJYLWDPLQ'VXSSOHPHQWVKDVEHHQVKRZQWRKDYHQXPHURXVEHQHILWVUHODWHGWRFDQFHUERQHKHDOWKPHQWDOKHDOWK
DQGDXWRLPPXQHGLVHDVHVWRQDPHDIHZ
HowMuchShouldYouTake?
7KHRQO\ZD\WRNQRZLI\RXDUHGHILFLHQWDQGZKHWKHU\RXQHHGWRWDNHDVXSSOHPHQWLVE\KDYLQJ\RXUEORRGOHYHOVPHDVXUHG
<RXUGRFWRUZLOOPHDVXUHWKHVWRUDJHIRUPFDOFLGLRORU2+'$Q\WKLQJXQGHUQJP/LVFRQVLGHUHGGHILFLHQWDQGDQ\WKLQJDERYHQJP/LV
FRQVLGHUHGDGHTXDWH
7KH5'$IRUYLWDPLQ'LQWKH86LVDVIROORZV
400IU(10mcg):,QIDQWVPRQWKV
600IU(15mcg):&KLOGUHQDQGDGXOWV\HDUVRIDJH
800IU(20mcg):(OGHUO\DQGSUHJQDQWRUODFWDWLQJZRPHQ
$OWKRXJKWKHRIILFLDOFXWRIISRLQWIRUYLWDPLQ'GHILFLHQF\LVQJP/PDQ\KHDOWKH[SHUWVEHOLHYHWKDWSHRSOHVKRXOGDLPIRUEORRGOHYHOVKLJKHU
WKDQQJP/IRURSWLPDOKHDOWKDQGGLVHDVHSUHYHQWLRQ
$GGLWLRQDOO\PDQ\EHOLHYHWKDWWKHUHFRPPHQGHGLQWDNHLVZD\WRRORZDQGWKDWSHRSOHQHHGPXFKPRUHWRUHDFKRSWLPDOEORRGOHYHOVRIWKHYLWDPLQ
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
$FFRUGLQJWRWKH,QVWLWXWHRI0HGLFLQHWKHVDIHXSSHUOLPLWLV,8RUPLFURJUDPV
)RUSHRSOHZKRDUHDWULVNRIGHILFLHQF\WKLVPD\EHDJRRGDPRXQWWRDLPIRU6RPHWLPHVGRFWRUVUHFRPPHQGWDNLQJPXFKPRUHWKDQWKDW
-XVWPDNHVXUHWRWDNHYLWDPLQ'QRW'
9LWDPLQ'FDSVXOHVDUHDYDLODEOHLQPRVWVXSHUPDUNHWVDQGKHDOWKIRRGVWRUHVDQGWKHUHLVDJRRGVHOHFWLRQRIYLWDPLQ'VXSSOHPHQWVRQ$PD]RQ
VitaminsA,K2andMagnesiumAreImportantasWell
,WVLPSRUWDQWWRNHHSLQPLQGWKDWQXWULHQWVXVXDOO\GRQWZRUNLQLVRODWLRQ
0DQ\RIWKHPGHSHQGRQRQHDQRWKHUDQGLQFUHDVHGLQWDNHRIRQHQXWULHQWPD\LQFUHDVH\RXUQHHGIRUDQRWKHU
6RPHUHVHDUFKHUVFODLPWKDWIDWVROXEOHYLWDPLQVZRUNWRJHWKHUDQGWKDWLWLVcrucialWRRSWLPL]HYLWDPLQ$DQGYLWDPLQ.LQWDNHDWWKHVDPHWLPHDV
VXSSOHPHQWLQJZLWKYLWDPLQ'
7KLVLVHVSHFLDOO\LPSRUWDQWIRUYLWDPLQ.DQRWKHUIDWVROXEOHYLWDPLQWKDWPRVWSHRSOHGRQWJHWHQRXJKRI
0DJQHVLXPLQWDNHPD\DOVREHLPSRUWDQWIRUWKHIXQFWLRQRIYLWDPLQ'0DJQHVLXPLVDQLPSRUWDQWPLQHUDOWKDWLVRIWHQODFNLQJLQWKHPRGHUQGLHW
WhatHappensifYouTakeTooMuch?
,WLVDFWXDOO\DP\WKWKDWLWLVHDV\WRRYHUGRVHRQYLWDPLQ'
9LWDPLQ'WR[LFLW\LVYHU\UDUHDQGRQO\KDSSHQVLI\RXWDNHLQVDQHGRVHVIRUORQJSHULRGVRIWLPH
,SHUVRQDOO\OLYHZKHUHWKHUHLVYHU\OLWWOHVXQ\HDUURXQGVR,WDNH,8SHUGD\RIDYLWDPLQ'VXSSOHPHQW
,YHEHHQGRLQJWKLVIRUPDQ\\HDUVQRZDQGFRQVLGHULWWREHDQHVVHQWLDOFRPSRQHQWRIP\SHUVRQDOKHDOWKVWUDWHJ\
,I\RXZDQWWROHDUQPRUHWKHQ,KLJKO\UHFRPPHQGWKH9LWDPLQ'&RXQFLOVZHEVLWH7KH\KDYHDORWRIHYLGHQFHEDVHGKLJKTXDOLW\PDWHULDORQ
YLWDPLQ'
/LNH SHRSOHOLNHWKLV%HWKHILUVWRI\RXUIULHQGV
Sharethisarticle)DFHERRN7ZLWWHU*RRJOH
Advertisements
7KHSUREOHPDWLFYHJJLHVWKDW3DWULFLDUHPRYHGDQGORVWOEVVKRFNLQJVWRU\
'R\RXKDYHD0HQRSDXVHEHOO\"+HUH
VKRZWRJHWULGRILW
$QHZSRZHUIXOGDLO\ULWXDOWKDWKHOSVGHWR[ PHOWEHOO\IDWVWDUWWKLVWRPRUURZ
)RRGVWR(DW%HIRUH%HGZLOOKHOS\RXORVHZHLJKW
RelatedArticles
5HDVRQVWR2SWLPL]H<RXU9LWDPLQ'/HYHOV
9LWDPLQ.(YHU\WKLQJ<RX1HHGWR.QRZ
7KH0RVW1XWULHQW'HQVH)RRGVRQ7KH3ODQHW
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
6LPSOH5XOHV)RU$PD]LQJ+HDOWK
'RHV9LWDPLQ&+HOS:LWK&ROGV)DFWRU)LFWLRQ"
3URYHQ+HDOWK%HQHILWVRI&RIIHH1RLV0\)DYRULWH
:KH\3URWHLQ7KH8OWLPDWH%HJLQQHU
V*XLGH
7KH0RVW:HLJKW/RVV)ULHQGO\)RRGVRQ7KH3ODQHW
7RS+HDOWKLHVW)RRGVWR(DWWR/RVH:HLJKWDQG%HFRPH6XSHUKXPDQ
7RS8QKHDOWK\)RRGVWR$YRLG/LNH7KH3ODJXH
6KRZ&RPPHQWV
AuthorityNutrition
/LNH3DJH
1.1mlikes
Bethefirstofyourfriendstolikethis
)ROORZ#$XWK1XWULWLRQ
.IROORZHUV
Signup:(YLGHQFHEDVHGQXWULWLRQWLSVDQGDIUHHFRS\RIWKHHERRNVWUDLJKWWR\RXULQER[
6LJQXSWRGD\
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG
9LWDPLQ'7KH8OWLPDWH*XLGH
Recent
3RSXODU
Recent
+RZ0XFK2PHJD6KRXOG<RX7DNH3HU'D\"
6DOW*RRGRU%DG"
5HDVRQV<RX'RQW1HHGWR)HDU+HDOWK\&DUEV
0DWFKD(YHQ0RUH3RZHUIXO7KDQ5HJXODU*UHHQ7HD"
2PHJD6XSSOHPHQW*XLGH:KDWWR%X\DQG:K\
:HSURYLGHWKHEHVWKHDOWKDQGQXWULWLRQDUWLFOHVRQWKHZHEEDVHGRQVFLHQWLILFHYLGHQFH
$ERXW&RQWDFW6XEVFULEH
)DFHERRNWZLWWHU*RRJOH3LQWHUHVW
$XWKRULW\1XWULWLRQ$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
3ULYDF\3ROLF\_7HUPVRI8VH_6LWH0DS
$XWKRULW\1XWULWLRQFRPGRHVQRWSURYLGHPHGLFDODGYLFHWUHDWPHQWRUGLDJQRVLV
KWWSDXWKRULW\QXWULWLRQFRPYLWDPLQG