A Final Project

Systemic Functional Linguistics

Analysis of Interpersonal, Ideational and Textual Meaning on a Text

I Gede Arga Anggara

0203515026
ROMBEL 1 REGULER PPS

STATE UNIVERSITY OF SEMARANG

GRADUATE SCHOOL PROGRAM
2015

How Happiness Affects Our Health

Doctors, psychologists, economists and other experts have recently got together to find out
what makes us happy and have come to surprising results.
One of the main topics was how to measure happiness. While some experts state that there are
many ways to measure happiness, like capturing a persons feelings, satisfaction in life or being
healthy and physically fit, others say that you cant really measure happiness but you can see it.
While money does play an important role for many, once they have enough to support their
style of living they focus on other values. In many cases, friends and a functioning family are
more important. Most people also need meaningful and creative work to find happiness.
Studies have also found that there is a connection between happiness and health. In general,
people who are happier have a better overall health. Their immune system works better and they
are not as stressed as others. In addition, happier people may be able to live longer and enjoy
their happiness. Data suggests that those who laugh a lot, have a good sense of humor and are
often in a good mood also happier.
Is there a way of learning happiness or improving it? Some experts say that if people express
their thanks and gratefulness, they can become happier. Engaging in informative conversations
can also contribute to more satisfaction and happiness. Not surprisingly, men feel that a good
love relationship is an important factor in being happy.
Happiness is also contagious. Reports say that if you have a member of your family or a
friend near you who is happy, you will get chances of happy too.
(Taken From http://www.english-online.at/index.htm)

Analysis Grammar of Interpersonal, Ideational and Textual Meaning on a Text

How Happiness Affects Our Health

Doctors,
have
psychologi
st,
economist
s and other
experts
Finite
Subject

recently

got

together

to find out
what makes
us happy

Adjunct:
Mood

Predicat
or

Adjunct:
Circumstantial

Predicator

Mood
Material
Interpersona
l
Theme

One of the main topics

Subject
Mood
Token
Topical
Theme

*ellip
sis of
they

Residue

Actor
Topical

and

Topical

Identifying :
Intensive
Interpersonal

come

to surprising
result.

Finite

Predica
tor

Predicator

Mood
Circ:
Accompaniment
Topical

Goal

Rheme

was
Finite

have

how to measure happiness.

Complement
Residue
Value

Rheme

Actor
Textual

Material

Residue
Goal

Interpe
rsonal
Theme

Rheme

While

some experts

state

that

Adjunct : Mood

there

are

many ways to
measure happiness

Subject

Finite

Complement
Residue

Existential

Existent

Mood
Sayer

Verbal
Interpersonal
Theme

Textual

others

say

that

Adjunct : Mood

Topical

Interpersonal
Rheme

you

cant

really

measure

happiness

Subject

Finite

Adjunct
:Mood

Predicator

Complement

Mood
Sayer

Verbal

Actor

Interpersonal

Topical

Material

Textual

does
Finite
Material
Interpersona
l

can

see

It

Subject

Finite

Predicator

Complement

Senser

Mental : Affect

Topical

Interpersonal

Theme

for many,
Adjunct: Circumstantial
Circ: Cause

Rheme

Theme
once

play
Predicator
Goal

you

Mood
Textual

Rheme
money
Subject
Actor
Topical

but

Residue
Goal

Interpersonal

Theme

While

like capturing a persons feelings,

satisfaction in life or being healthy and
physically fit,
Predicator

they
Subject
Mood
Carrier

have
Finite

Attributive:
possessive

enough
Complemen
t
Residue
Attribute

to support their style of living they focus on other values

Predicator

Residue
Phenomenon

Rheme

Textual
Theme

Topical

In many
cases,

friends and
a
functionin
g family
Subject

Adjunct:
Conjunctive

Rheme

Mood
Carrier
Textual
Theme

Topical

Most people
Subject

also

Mood
Actor
Topical

Interpersonal

are

more important.

Finite

Complement

Attributive:
intensive
Interpersonal

Rheme

Adjunct:
Mood

Material
Mood
Adjunct

need
Finite

meaningful and creative work

Complement

to find happiness
Predicator

Residue
Goal

Range

Interpersonal

Theme
Studies

Residue
Attribute

Rheme
have

also

found

that

Adjunct : Mood

there

is

Subject

Finite

Mood
Actor

Material

Existential

a connection between
happiness and health.
Complement
Residue
Existent

Interpersonal

Topical

Interpersonal

Theme

Rheme

In general,

People
who are
happier

have

a better overall
health.

Adjunct :
Conjunctive

Subject

Finite

Complement

Mood
Carrier
Textual

Topical

Attributive :
possessive
Interpersona
l

Theme
Their immune

Residue
Attribute

Rheme
works

better

Subject

Finite

Mood
Actor

Material

Adjunct :
Circumstantia
l
Residue
Range

and

they

are not

Subject

Finite

system

Topical
Theme

Interpersona
l
Rheme

Mood
Carrier

Attributive:
intensive
Textual Topical Interpersona
l
Theme

as stressed
as others.
Complemen
t
Residue
Attribute

Rheme

In addition,

happier
people
Subject

Adjunct :
Conjunctive

may
Finite

Predicato
r
Residue
Attributive : Intensive
Interpersonal

Mood
Carrier
Topical

Textual

be

Theme

Data

suggests

those who
laugh a lot,

have

a good sense
of humor

Finite

Complement

Mood
Verbal

Carrier

Topical

Theme

Mood
Existential

that

Subject

Interpersonal

Is
Finite

Attribute
Rheme

Adjunct : Mood
Mood
Sayer

able to live longer and enjoy

their happiness.
Complement

Attribu
tive :
possess
ive
Interpe
rsonal

*ellipsis
those

are often

in a good mood also

happier

Finite

Residue
Attribute

Carrier

Textual
Rheme

there
Subject

and

Theme

a way of learning happiness or improving it?

Complement
Residue
Existent

Mood
Attributive :
Intensive

Circ: Time
Residue
Attribute

Interpersona
l
Rheme

Rheme

Some
experts

Topical
Theme

Rheme

that

if

say

Adjunct : Mood

people

Adjunct :
Conjunctive

Subject

Mood
Sayer

express

Finite

Mood
Verbal

Interpersonal

Textual

their thanks
and
gratefulness,
Complement

they

Subject

Residue

Sayer

Verbal

Topical

Interpersonal

Theme

Verbiage

become

Finite

happier.

Predicator

Mood

Complement

Residue

Actor

Topical

Rheme

can

Material

Goal

Interpersonal

Theme

Rheme

Engaging in informative
conversations

can

also

contribute

to more satisfaction and

happiness.

Subject

Finite

Adjunct :
Mood

Predicator

Complement

Mood
Actor

Residue
Material

Goal

Topical

Interpersonal

Interpersonal

Theme

Rheme

Not
surprisingly,

men

feel

that

Adjunct :
Comment

Subject

Finite

Adjunct :
Conjunctive

a good love
relationship
Subject

Mood

an important factor in being

happy.
Finite

Mood

Senser

Mental :
Affective

Topical

Interpersonal

Rheme

Happiness
Subject
Mood
Token
Topical
Theme

is

Textual

Carrier

Attributive :
Intensive

Topical

Interpersonal

Theme

is
Finite

also
Adjunct : Mood

Identifying : Intensive
Interpersonal

Complement
Residue
Attribute

Rheme

contagious.
Complement
Residue
Value
Rheme

Reports

say

that

Adjunct : Mood

if

Adjunct :
Conjunctive

Token

Verbal

Interpersonal
Theme

Subject

have

Finite

Mood

Mood
Sayer

you

Textual

Topical

Identifyi
ng :
possessiv
e
Interpers
onal

a member of
your family or a
friend near you
who is happy,

you

Complement

Subject

Residue

Mood

Value

Actor

Material

Topical

Interper
sonal

Rheme

will

get

chances

of

too.

Theme

Finite

Predicator

Complement

Residue
Goal

Rheme

happy

Analysis of Text Based on Grammar of Interpersonal, Ideational and Textual Meaning

A. System of Mood (Interpersonal Meaning)
Data analysis presents Mood of the clauses which further reflects their functional meanings.
There are declarative and interrogative mood. Both of the type specifies different sort of
interpersonal relationship among the participants. Most of declarative clauses of the table above
offered some strong researchers findings regarding on how happiness affects health. Their
findings are used by the writer in giving strong evidence to audience who read the text.
In addition, there is only one interrogative mood. This clause tries to support the declarative
mood clause. It is a yes no question clause. It simply offers two options and no freedom is given
by the writer on the part of audience.
B. Systems of Transitivity ( Ideational Meaning)
There four process of transitivity analyzed in the text. They are (1) non relational process
including material, mental, verbal process, (2) relational process: identifying and attributive, and
existential process. The material process stated about the evidences regarding on how happiness
affects health. So, they tried to inform the audience about the real fact.
Then, the mental process is used to show the example of such feelings that support these
evidences. In addition, since some evidences in the form of indirect speech thus the verbal
process is used by the writer.
The relational process is can be said as the process of being, i.e., something is being said to
be something else. According to the analysis, the relational process is used to assign the quality
or identifies some evidences of some information about happiness that are used to be supporting
main ideas on text.
Meanwhile, the existential process can make the audiences know and imagine the situation
and condition related to the evidences given on text, because through the process, the writer give
information about what kinds of existence exist on the article related to the main topic discussed.
C. System of THEME and RHEME (Textual Meaning)
Some particular structures in clauses can be used by people to communicate in conveying
their thoughts. Since the clauses function is as a message, the writers can use clause to give
information as their ideas. This function is categorized as textual meaning. By using theme and
rheme analysis, textual meaning can be conducted. Four types of themes in the textual meaning
are proposed. They are ideational theme (topical), interpersonal theme, textual theme, and
multiple theme.
The ideational theme is described as a theme when an element of the clause in transitivity
function taking place in the first position of a clause. Ideational theme may be in the form of
nominal group complexes, adverbial groups, and prepositional phrases or embedded clauses. It is
divided into two types of theme. They are marked topical and unmarked topical theme.
According to the analysis above, the unmarked analysis are obtained and described by such
examples below:
(1) Happiness is also contagious
(2) Engaging in informative conversations can also contribute to more satisfaction and
happiness.
(3) One of the main topics was how to measure happiness.

By using ideational theme or topical theme, it can be identified that the ideational theme or
topical theme has the form of declarative clause, so the subject always occurs in the beginning of
the clauses. The form of written text is identified using in the text above after obtaining the
ideational theme.
Then, interpersonal theme is described as theme while a constituent of a Mood label occurs in
the beginning of a clause. The component of interpersonal themes are Finite in interrogative
structures, mood adjunct, vocative adjunct, and comment adjunct. The examples of interpersonal
theme are obtained in the text above and described by such examples below:
(1) Is there a way of learning happiness or improving it?
(2) Not surprisingly, men feel that a good love relationship is an important factor in being
happy.
In addition, textual theme is described as theme that occurs in thematic position in the clause.
There are two types of textual elements which can be as theme. They are continuity adjunct and
conjunctive adjunct. The examples of textual theme are obtained in the text above and described
by such examples below:
(1) In addition, happier people may be able to live longer and enjoy their happiness.
(2) In many cases, friends and a functioning family are more important. Most people also
need meaningful and creative work to find happiness.
(3) Their immune system works better and they are not as stressed as others.
Moreover, multiple themes are described as two themes or more sequence of themes which
occur in a clause. It can be in the form of textual and/or interpersonal themes which occur before
topical theme. The examples of multiple themes are obtained in the text above and described by
such example:
(1) Studies have also found that there is a connection between happiness and health.