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Bundle diameter:
Db = d0 {Nt/K}1/n
Where,
d o = tube diameter,
Nt = no. of tubes=63
For single pass,
K=0.319 and n=2.142
From which,
Db = 19.05{63/0.319}1/2.142
Db = 224.624 or 225mm.
For clearance if we add 35 mm
Then shell diameter: 260 mm
hi=
Where,
t = mean water temperature= 290C
u= linear water velocity = 0.98788 m/s
d= i.d. of tube = 15.7 mm
from which
hi = 4627.959 W/m2. 0C
with no. of passes changed,
new Shell diameter = Db = d0 {Nt/K}1/n
where,
l
g
l ( l h ] 1/ 3 N 1 /6
hco =0.926 K l
Uc * Ac * (tc-tavg)
1 W of mek W of Butanol
=
+
of mek of butanol
Where,
W is weight fraction of MEK= 0.897 and W of
butanol = 0.103
of MEK and Butanol are 0.16 and 1.2 mNs/m2
Substituting the values
= 0.17569x10-3 kg/m.s
= 0.17569 mNs/m 2
Wc
L Nt
Nr = 6.719
Substituting the values in the equation
v
l
g
l ( l h ] 1/ 3 N 1 /6
hco =0.926 K l
co
for sub-cooling,
standard value from kern,
hosub= 283.77 W/m2 0C
hi +
d0 1
d i hid
d
d0 ln 0
di d0 1
1
1
+ +
+
hoc hod
2 kw
di
1
U oc =
and
as SS-304L is selected:
Kw = 16.3 W/m0C
Substituting the values
U oc =
1
19.05
0.01905 ln
1
1
15.748 19.05
1
19.05
1
+
+
+
x
+
x
2342.5 10000
2 x 16.3
15.748 4627.959 15.748 4000
= 832 W/m2 0C
Hence required area for condensation:
U oc T
Aco =
mc
Qcond
109075.654
832 X 45.725
m2
Required area for sub-cooling:
hi+
d0 1
d i hid
1
hosub
d 0 ln
d0
di
d 1
1
+
+ 0
hod
2 kw
di
1
U osub =
= 232.70 W/m2 0C
Therefore,
= 2.86
Asub =
mc
16443.88
232.7 X 29.20
= 2.42 m2
A assumed
A calculated
= 6.79/5.28 = 1.2859
: 2.252
( P td o ) B s D s
Pt
X x'
Where,
x = 1-(h/di) =1-0.386=0.618
pt = tube pitch = 23.8125
do = tube O.D.=19.05 mm
Bs = Baffle spacing = 0.260
Ds= Shell I.D. = 0.260
1.1 2
Pt 0.907 d 2o )
(
d0
Reynolds number Re =
Substituting value = 0.01
Re= 9790
v u2s
2
( ) ( )( ) ( )
Ds
de
L
Bs
0.14
P = 3.987 KPa.
L
d si
( )( )
u 2t
+ 2.5 ]
2
Jh calculation: Re = (d*v*)/
Where, = 995 kg/m3, v = 0.9878 m/s,
d=0.015748m
And = 0.8x10-3
Substituting,
Therefore,
Re = 19337
Jh= 4x10-3
SHELLSIDE
VAPOR
TUBESIDE
LIQUID
157.5 0C
24 0C
320C
340C
DENSITY (KG/M3)
2.97
995
VISCOSITY (Kg/m.s)
0.17569x10-3
1.984
0.001
4.1868
432.78
SHELLSIDE
125.519
TUBESIDE
-
658
10792.72
3.987
12.680
6.79
NUMBER OF TUBES/SHELL
63
19.05
16
1.83
TRIANGULAR
260
SHELL MATERIAL
CARBON STEELl
TUBE MATERIAL
STAINLESS STEELl
260 mm
MECHANICAL DESIGN:
Shell thickness:
Shell material is chosen as Carbon steel. And
operating pressure is 1.064X105 N/m2
Therefore design pressure is 10% more than
operating pressure and that comes to 1.11X10 5
N/m2
Pd D
Tsh = 2 fj+ P
Here, Pd= 0.11, D = 260, f = 95 N/m2 ( for
carbon steel) and
J= 0.85 (joint efficiency)
Substituting the values,
Tsh = 0.170 mm
Taking minimum thickness as 6 mm and
corrosion allowance of 2 mm total thickness
comes as 8 mm
Taking standard thickness,
Shell thickness: 10 mm.
Head : (Torrispherical head)
P R c
T h=
W
2 fJ
Where, =
R
1
W = 3+ c
4
Ric
BAFFLES SPACING:
Segmental baffles are used.
Baffle spacing = = 260/5 =52 mm
Thickness of baffles = 6 mm
Tie rods and spaces
Diameter of tie rod = 10 mm
Number of tie rods = 6
Design of Flanges:
Shell thickness = go = 10 mm
Gby
0.1209 MN
Controlling load
0.1209/138
8.76 x 10-4 m2
0.1589 MN
=
Am
Wg/Sg
Lets take M 18 x 2
Root area of bolt = 1.54 x 10-4 m2
Therefore no. bolts required
= 8.76 x 10-4/1.54 x 10-4 =5.689
8 no. of bolts are selected.
R
g1
go
=
=
0.027m
go/0.707
10mm
I.D +2(g1+R)
0.3423m
B2
W 1=
P
4
W1 + W2 + W3
0.280
2
3.14
W 1=
= 0.00676
W2
H-W1
0.07163 0.00676
=
W3
0.0648 MN
=
=
Wo-H
Hp (gasket load)
0.00286 MN
= (0.3423-0.280)/2 = 0.03115
Am = area of bolt
= 8 x 1.56 x 10 -4
= 1.248 x 10 -3 m 2
Am = Minimum bolt area. =1.38 x 10 -3 m 2
Sg = 138N/mm 2
Therefore, W = 0.1813 MN
a3 = 0.02015
Mg= 0.1813 x 0.02015
Mg = 3.65 x 10-3 MJ
MG is greater than M0. Therefore Mg is controlling.
Flange thickness :
t2 =
M CY Y
B ST
K = A/B
Where, A = flange outside diameter = 0.3641 m
B = flange inside diameter = 0.280
K = (0.3641/0.280)
= 1.300
d opt =293 G
0.53
0.37
Where,
Dopt= optimum pipe size
G = Flow rate, Kg/s=0.1827 kg/s
= density of vapor =2.75 kg/m3
Substituting the values,
Dopt= 81.85 mm
Standard of 80 NB (SCH.10) can be used.
Uncondensed vapor:
Flow rate =112.34 kg/hr = 0.0312 kg/s
And for same density of 2.75 kg/m3,
From the above formula,
The pipe size of 25 NB (SCH.10) can be fixed.
Condensate drain line:
Flow rate: 545.66 kg/hr=0.15157 Kg/s
Density of condensate : 807 kg/m3
Substituting the values in the same equation,
The pipe size of 15 NB (SCH.10) is fixed.
Cooling water lines:
Flow rate: 2.99 kg/s
Density: 985 kg/m3
Substituting the values in same equation:
50 NB (SCH.10) line size is fixed The same size of return line can
be used.