Test 2

GRE
MATH

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GRE Math Tests

Questions: 24
Time: 45 minutes
[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]
1.
Mr. Smith's average annual income in each of the years 2006 and 2007 is positive x dollars. His
average annual income in each of the years 2008, 2009, and 2010 is positive y dollars. He did earn at
least some money each year. Which of the following could be his average annual income for the four
continuous years 2006 through 2009?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)

x/2
x/2 + y/2
x/2 + y
x/2 + 3y/4
x/2 + 3y/5
3x/5 + y/2

Column A

2.

For any positive integer n,
(n)

represents the number of factors
of n, inclusive of 1 and itself. a
and b are unequal prime numbers.

(a) +
(b)

Column B

(a
b)

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

3. a and b are multiples of 20, b and c are multiples of 30, and a and c are multiples of 40. Which of the
following must be individually divisible by a, b, and c?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)

10
20
30
40
120
240

34

Test 2Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

4.
Which of the following could be the fraction of numbers that are divisible by both 7 and 10 in a set of
71 consecutive integers?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1/71
2/71
3/71
4/71
5/71

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

5.
In the triangle, what is the value of x?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

25
25 + y
25 y
55
60

y + x

70 y

60 + x

35

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

6. In the figure, O is the center of the circle. Which of the following must be true about the perimeter of the
triangle shown?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

Less than 10
Greater than 20
Greater than 30
Less than 40
Less than 40 and greater than 20

10
B
A

36

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Test 2Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

7.
In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle inscribed in the circle shown. What is the length of the smaller arc
DC ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

/4

/3
2
/3
3
/4
4
/3
B

2
D

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GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

8.
In the figure, y =
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

12
3
1

5 3
12
E
x
4 + 2y
B
5+y

x
y

9y

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

9. In triangle ABC, CA = 4, and CB = 6. Which of the following could be the area of triangle ABC ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

7
8
9
12
15

38

Test 2Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

10. Suppose five circles, each 4 inches in diameter, are cut from a rectangular strip of paper 12 inches
long. If the least amount of paper is to be wasted, what is the width of the paper strip?
(A)
(B)
(C)

5
4+2 3
8

(D)

4 1+ 3

(E)

not enough information

11.

Column A
(4 5x) + (4 5x)2

(4 5x)2 = 1

Column B
1

12.

Column A
x + 1/x

0<x<y

Column B
y + 1/y

39

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

13. If x = a + 2 and b = x + 1, then which of the following must be false?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

a>b
a<b
a=b
a = b2
b = a2

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

14. The difference between two angles of a triangle is 24J. If all three angles are numerically double-digit
integers, then which of the following could be the measure of the third angle?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

15.

10J
12J
59J
74J
98J

Column A

The monthly incomes of A and B

are in the ratio 3 : 2, and the
monthly expenditures of the two
are in the ratio 4 : 3.

Column B

The income of both is greater than

the expenditures, and the Savings
from income is defined as the
Income Expenditure.
Savings of A

Savings of B

40

Test 2Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

16. If x 3 = 10/x and x> 0, then x could equal which of the following?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

2
1
3
5
10

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

17. If r and s are two positive numbers and r is 25% greater than s, what is the value of the ratio r/s ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

0.75
0.8
1
1.2
1.25

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

18.

If 1/x + 1/y = 1/3, then

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

xy
=
x+y

1/5
1/3
1
3
5

41

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GRE Math Tests

19.

Column A

A stores sells Brand A items and

Brand B items at 75% and 80%,
respectively, of list prices. During
festival season, discounts of 20%
and 25%, on Brand A and Brand
B, respectively, are offered.
Spinach tins of Brand A and
Brand B have the same list price.

Cost of spinach tins of Brand A

during festival season

Column B

Cost of spinach tins of Brand B

during festival season

[Numeric Entry Question]

20. 2ab5 is a four-digit number divisible by 25. If the number ab formed from the two digits a and b is a
multiple of 13, then the three-digit number 2ab =

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Test 2Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

21. Two data sets S and R are defined as follows:
Data set S: 28, 30, 25, 28, 27
Data set R: 22, 19, 15, 17, 21, 25
Which of the following are the medians of the sets S and R or the difference between the medians?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

8
10
20
25
28

22.

Column A

x>y>0

Column B

x y
+
3 3

xy

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

23. Seven years ago, Scott was 3 times as old as Kathy was at that time. If Scott is now 5 years older than
Kathy, how old is Scott?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

12
13
13
14
14

43

GRE Math Tests

24.

The University of Maryland, University of Vermont, and Emory University have each 4 soccer
players. If a team of 9 is to be formed with an equal number of players from each university, how
many possible teams are there?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

3
4
12
16
64

44

Test 2Answers and Solutions

Answers and Solutions Test 2:

Question

Answer

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

E, F
C
E, F
A, B
A
B, D, E
C
C
D, E
B
D
D
A, C, D
B, D
A
D
D
D
C
252
A, C, E
D
E
E

1. Since Mr. Smith's average annual income in each of the two years 2006 and 2007 is x dollars, his total
income in the two years is 2  x = 2x.
Since Mr. Smith's average annual income in each of the three years 2008 and 2010 is y dollars, his total
income in the three years is 3  y = 3y.
Now, average income from 2006 through 2009 is
[(2 x amount earned between 2006, 2007) + (Amount earned between 2008, 2009, which could be between
0 and 3y)]/4 years =
Between Min = (2x + 0)/4 = x/2 and Max = (2x + 3y)/4 = x/2 + 3y/4
The possible incomes in the range NOT including both Min and Max values above are Choices. Select such
choices.
Since, the range is x/2 through x/2 + 3y/4 NOT including both, Reject choices (A) and (D), which are the
extremes Min and Max.
Since y/2 < 3y/4, x/2 + y/2 < x/2 + 3y/4; Choice (B) < Max.
x/2 + y/2 is clearly greater than just x/2. Choice (B) > Min.
Accept.
Since y > 3y/4, Choice(C) = x/2 + y > x/2 + 3y/4; Choice (C) > Max. Reject.
Choice (E): x/2 + 3y/5is similarly > Min and < Max. Accept.

45

GRE Math Tests

Choice (F): 3x/5 + y/2; 3x/5 could be in the range and y/2 could be in the range and their sum is not
necessarily out of range. Hence, select Choice (F) as well.
Hence, the answer is (E) and (F).
2. The only factors of a prime number are 1 and itself. Hence, (any prime number) = 2. So, (a) = 2 and
(b) = 2 and therefore Column A equals (a) + (b) = 2 + 2 = 4.
Now, the factors of ab are 1, a, b, and ab itself. Since a and b are different, the total number of factors of ab
is 4. In other words, (a
b) = 4. Hence, Column B also equals 4.
Since the columns are equal, the answer is (C).

3. We are given that a and b are multiples of 20, b and c are multiples of 30, and a and c are multiples of
40.
We can summarize this information as follows:
a is multiple of 20; a is multiple of 40. Hence, a = 40l [40 is the LCM of 20 and 40]
b is multiple of 20; b is multiple of 30. Hence, b = 60m [60 is the LCM of 20 and 30]
c is multiple of 30; c is multiple of 40. Hence, a = 120n [120 is the LCM of 30 and 40]
where l, m, n are integers. Now, a number divisible by a, b, and c individually must be a multiple of the
least common multiple of 40, 60, and 120, which is 120. Hence, the answers are (E) 120 and (F) 240.

4. The numbers that are divisible by both 7 and 10 must be divisible by their least common multiple 7  10 =
70 also. The numbers divisible by 70 occur once every 70 consecutive integers.
Now, if for example, the set is 70 through 140, then two numbers, 70 and 140, in the set are divisible by 70.
Here, the fraction is 2/71. Select (B).
But if for example, the set is 71 through 141, then only one number, 140, is divisible by 70. Here the
fraction is 1/71. Select (A).
The possible choices are (A) and (B).

5. The angle sum of a triangle is 180. Hence,

(y + x) + (60 + x) + (70 y) = 180
Simplifying the equation yields 2x + 130 = 180. Solving for x yields x = 25. The answer is (A)Only one
choice must be chosen.
Note: Sometimes when a problem says, "Select One or More Answer Choices," there will be only one
answer. When you find just one answer, double-check your work.

46

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Test 2Answers and Solutions

6. In AOB, OA and OB are radii of the circle. Hence, both equal 10 (since OA = 10 in the figure).
Now, the perimeter of a triangle equals the sum of the lengths of the sides of the triangle. Hence,
Perimeter of AOB =
OA + OB + AB =
10 + 10 + AB =
20 + AB
In a triangle, the length of any side is less than the sum of the lengths of the other two sides and is greater
than their difference. This makes AB less than AO + OB (= 10 + 10 = 20) and AB greater than 10 10 = 0.
So, the range of AB is 0 through 20, not including either number. Hence, the range of 20 + AB is evaluated
as the inequality
20 < 20 + AB < 20 + 20
20 < Perimeter < 40
Logically, the choices that apply are (B), (D), and (E).

7. In the figure, BD is a diagonal of the rectangle inscribed in the circle. Hence, BD is a diameter of the
circle. So, the midpoint of the diagonal must be the center of the circle, and the radius must equal half the
length of the diameter: BD/2 = 4/2 = 2. Now, joining the center of the circle, say, O to the point C yields the
following figure:
A

O
2

2
D

Now, in DOC since OD and OC are radii of the circle, both equal 2. So, OD = OC = 2. Since DC also
equals 2 (in figure given), OD = OC = DC = 2 (all three sides are equal). Hence, the triangle is equilateral
and each angle must equal 60, including DOC. Now, the circumference of the given circle equals
2
radius = 2(2) = 4. The fraction of the complete angle that the arc DC makes in the circle is
60/360 = 1/6. The arc length would also be the same fraction of the circumference of the circle. Hence,
the arc length equals 1/6
4 = 2/3. The answer is (C).

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GRE Math Tests

8. In the figure, y =
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

12
3
1
5 3
12
E
x
4 + 2y
B
5+y

x
y

9y

In the figure, in the triangles ABC and EDC, we have

ACB = DCE
BAC = DEC = x

Common Angle

Therefore, triangles ABC and EDC are similar. Equating corresponding side ratios yields
AC/BC = EC/DC
(y + 9 y)/(5+ y) = (5+ y + 4 + 2y)/(9 y)
9/(5 + y) = (9 + 3y)/(9 y)
9(9 y) = (9 + 3y)(5 + y)
cross-multiplication
81 9y = 45 + 9y + 15y + 3y2
81 = 45 + 9y + 15y + 9y + 3y2
27 = 15 + 3y + 5y + 3y + y2
dividing by 3
12 = 11y + y2
0 = 12 + 11y + y2
y2 + 11y 12 = 0
y2 + 12y y 12 = 0
y(y + 12) (y + 12) = 0
(y 1)(y + 12) = 0
y = 1 or 12
AD = y = 1. Eliminate 12 because the side AD = y cannot have a negative length.
The answer is (C) only.

48

Test 2Answers and Solutions

9. We are given that in triangle ABC, CA = 4 and CB = 6. The area of the triangle is greatest when the sides
form a right angle, and least when the sides align in a line. When the sides form a right-angle, the area is
1/2
base
height = 1/2
4
6 = 12; and when they are aligned in a line, the area is 0 because the height
is zero. Hence, the permissible range is 0 through 12. Select choices in this range. The answer is (D) and
(E).

10. Since this is a hard problem, we can eliminate (E), not enough information. And because it is too
easily derived, we can eliminate (C), (8 = 4 + 4). Further, we can eliminate (A), 5, because answer-choices
(B) and (D) are a more complicated. At this stage we cannot apply any more elimination rules; so if we
could not solve the problem, we would guess either (B) or (D).
Lets solve the problem directly. The drawing below shows the position of the circles so that the
paper width is a minimum.

Now, take three of the circles in isolation, and connect the centers of these circles to form a triangle:

Since the triangle connects the centers of circles of diameter 4, the triangle is equilateral with sides of
length 4.

4
Drawing an altitude gives

49

GRE Math Tests

4
h
2

2
2

Applying the Pythagorean theorem to either right triangle gives

Squaring yields
Subtracting 4 from both sides of this equation yields
Taking the square root of both sides yields
Removing the perfect square 4 from the radical yields
Summarizing gives

h +2 =4
2
h + 4 = 16
2
h = 12

h = 12 = 4
3
h=2 3

2
Adding to the height, h = 2 3 , the distance above the triangle and the distance below the triangle to the
edges of the paper strip gives
width = ( 2 + 2) + 2 3 = 4 + 2 3

The answer is (B).

11. (4 5x)2 equals 1 when either 4 5x = 1 or +1. If 4 5x equals 1, then

(4 5x) + (4 5x)2 =
1 + 1 =
0
And if 4 5x equals 1, then
(4 5x) + (4 5x)2 =
1+1=
2
In the first case, Column A is less than Column B; and in the second case, Column B is less than Column
A. Hence, we have a double case, and the answer is (D).

50

Test 2Answers and Solutions

12. If x = 1 and y = 2, then the columns become

1 + 1/1

2 + 1/2

2 1/2

In this case, Column B is greater.

If x = 1/2 and y = 1, the columns become

1
1
+
2 1
2

1+

1
2

1
1

In this case, Column A is greater.

Hence, we have a double case, and the answer is (D).

13. We have the equations x = a + 2 and b = x + 1. Substituting the first equation into the second equation
yields b = (a + 2) + 1 = a + 3. This equation shows that b is 3 units greater than a. Hence, b must be greater
than a. So, (A) and (C) are false and therefore correct answers (remember, we are looking for statements
that must be false).
Next, assume a = b2 [Choice (D)]. Then a must be positive. If a is between 0 and 1, b is also between 0 and
1, which violates b = a + 3. Here, our assumption fails. If a were greater than 1, then b equals a, which
must be less than abut we know that b is greater than a. Again, our assumption fails. Accept choice (D).
Next, assume b = a2 [Choice (E)]. This could be true. For example, consider b = a + 3 = a2. Subtracting a
and 3 from both sides yields a2 a 3 = 0. The quadratic equation is in the form ax2 + bx + c = 0. Since the
discriminant of the quadratic equation which is b2 4ac equals (1)2 4(1)(3) = 1 + 12 = 13, is positive,
we will have valid real solutions (Note, the GRE is only interested in Real Numbers), which means that b =
a2 is possible with given information. Hence, reject this choice (remember, we are looking for answers that
must be false).
The answer consists of (A), (C), and (D).

51

GRE Math Tests

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14. Let a, b, and c be the angles. Their sum is 180: a + b + c = 180. Let a and b be the angles differing by
24Q, with a being the greater angle. So, we have a b = 24. Subtracting the equations yields
a + b + c (a b) = 180 24
2b + c = 156
2b = 156 c
b = (156 c)/2
= 78 c/2
Since b is at least a 2-digit number, c must be in the range between 10 and 98, including both. So,
78 10/2 > b > 78 98/2; 73 > b > 29; 72 > b > 30 (EVEN integers in the range).
Since a = b + 24, the range of a is
72 + 24 > a > 30 + 24; 96 > a > 54 (EVEN integers in the range);
Hence, the range of a + b is
96 + 72 > a + b > 54 + 30; 168 > a + b > 84 (EVEN integers in the range);
Now, c = 180 (a + b) yields the range for c as
180 168 < c <180 84; 12 < c < 96 (EVEN integers in the range);
Thus, the third-angle could be any EVEN integer from 12 through 96.
Select (B) and (D).

15. Let the income of A and B be 3s and 2s, respectively, and let their expenditures be 4t and 3t. Then since
savings is defined as income minus expenditure, Column A = the saving of A = 3s 4t, and Column B =
saving of B = 2s 3t.
Column A is greater than Column B when 3s 4t > 2s 3t, or s > t.
Since money is positive, s and t are positive. Since income is greater than expenditure (given), the Income
of B = 2s > Expenditure of B = 3t. Hence, s > 3t/2. Clearly, s > t. Since we know that Column A > Column
B when s > t, the answer is (A).

16. We have the equation x 3 = 10/x. Multiplying the equation by x yields x2 3x = 10. Subtracting 10
from both sides yields x2 3x 10 = 0. Factoring the equation yields (x 5)(x + 2) = 0. The possible
solutions are 5 and 2. The only solution that also satisfies the given inequality x > 0 is x = 5. The answer is
(D).

17. We are given that r is 25% greater than s. Hence, r = s + 25%s = s + 0.25s = (1 + 0.25)s = 1.25s. So,
r/s = 1.25s/s = 1.25. The answer is (E).

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Test 2Answers and Solutions

18. Multiplying the given equation 1/x + 1/y = 1/3 by xy yields

y + x = xy/3, or x + y = xy/3
Multiplying both sides of the equation x + y = xy/3 by 3/(x + y) yields

xy
=3
x+y
The answer is (D).
19. Since the spinach tins of either brand have the same list price, let each be x dollars. Now, 75% of x is
(75/100)x = 3x/4, and 80% of x is (80/100)x = 4x/5. So, spinach tins of brands A and B are sold at 3x/4 and
4x/5, respectively. After festival discounts of 20% and 25% on the respective brand items, the cost of
spinach tins drop to



20  3x   4  3x  3x
25  4 x   3  4 x  3x
and 1

1

  =    =
  =    =
 100  4   5  4  5
 100  5   4  5  5
Hence, the columns are equal, and the answer is (C).

20. We have that the number 2ab5 is divisible by 25. Any number divisible by 25 ends with the last two
digits as 00, 25, 50, or 75. So, b5 should equal 25 or 75. Hence, b = 2 or 7.
We also have that ab is divisible by 13. The multiples of 13 are 13, 26, 39, 52, 65, 78, and 91. Among
these, the only number ending with 2 or 7 is 52. Hence, ab = 52.
Then, 2ab = 252. Enter 252 in the grid.

21. The definition of median is When a set of numbers is arranged in order of size, the median is the
middle number. If a set contains an even number of elements, then the median is the average of the two
middle elements.
Data set S (arranged in increasing order of size) is 25, 27, 28, 28, 30. The median of the set is the third
number 28.
Data set R (arranged in increasing order of size) is 15, 17, 19, 21, 22, 25. The median is the average of the
two middle numbers (the 3rd and 4th numbers): (19 + 21)/2 = 40/2 = 20.
The difference of 28 and 20 is 8. The correct answers are (A), the difference between the medians, (C), the
median of the set R, and (E), the median of the set S.

22. If x = 2 and y = 1, then x y = 2 1 = 1 =

If x = 3 and y = 1, then x y = 3 1 = 2 

3 2 1 x y
= + = + . In this case, the columns are equal.
3 3 3 3 3

3 1 4 x y
+ = = + . In this case, the columns are not equal and
3 3 3 3 3

therefore the answer is (D).

53

GRE Math Tests

23. Let S be Scotts age and K be Kathys age. Then translating the sentence If Scott is now 5 years older
than Kathy, how old is Scott into an equation yields
S=K+5
Now, Scotts age 7 years ago can be represented as S = 7, and Kathys age can be represented as K = 7.
Then translating the sentence Seven years ago, Scott was 3 times as old as Kathy was at that time into an
equation yields S 7 = 3(K 7).
Combining this equation with S = K + 5 yields the system:
S 7 = 3(K 7)
S=K+5
Solving this system gives S = 14. The answer is (E).

24. The selection from the 3 universities can be done in 4
4
4 = 43 = 64 ways.

The answer is (E).

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