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GRE
MATH
Questions:24
Time: 45 minutes
[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]
1.
In a series of five consecutive even integers with middle integer n, the difference between the greatest
integer and the smallest integer in the series is
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
n5
8 if the order is increasing and 10 if the order is decreasing.
8 if the order is decreasing and 10 if the order is increasing.
8 whether the order is decreasing or increasing.
8 whether the integers are positive or negative.
Column B
729 102
3
9
27
81
121
159
304
Test 16Questions
[Numeric-Entry]
4.
The remainder when m + n is divided by 12 is 8, and the remainder when m n is divided by 12 is 6.
If m > n, then what is the remainder when mn divided by 6?
Column B
3%
x>0
305
Column B
x4 + 1
20
30
50
70
90
B
y
20
46
48
72
84
96
A
B
48
48
306
Test 16Questions
3 and 4
(I)
(II) 4 and 6
(III) 1 and 24
(IV) 1 and 26
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
I and II only
II and III only
III and IV only
IV and I only
I, II and III only
A
B
3
C
Figure not drawn to scale
307
B(a, b)
A(0, 2)
C(a, 2)
D(0, 0)
308
Test 16Questions
309
Column B
f(10)
g(10)
f(x)
g(x)
m
(0, 1)
(0, 2)
x-axis
(2, 0)
x-axis
(1, 0)
Fig. 2
Fig. 1
x3
(x 3)(x 4)
(x 3)(x + 3)
(x 3)(x + 4)
(x + 3)(x + 6)
310
Test 16Questions
0
1
2
3
4
Column B
The last digit in the average of
the numbers 113 and 123
0
1/2
3
6
9
311
Column B
If
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
27
1
1/4
0
1/4
1
0.0006% of a
0.006% of a
0.06% of a
0.6% of a
6% of b
312
Test 16Questions
0.33
0.44
0.55
44
55
Column B
15
75
100
125
175
225
313
Column B
The probability that two eggs
chosen at random from the box
are rotten
2
6
7
12
14
314
Test 16Solutions
Question
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Answer
D, E
A
A, B
1
D
B
E
D
C
4
4
A
E
A
C
A
A
E
D, E
D
B
C
A
B
If you got 18/24 correct on this test, you are likely to get 750+ on the actual GRE by the time you
complete all the tests in the book.
1. Let n 4, n 2, n, n + 2, and n + 4, be the five consecutive even integers. The smallest number is n 4,
and the largest is n + 4. The difference between them is n + 4 (n 4) = 4 + 4 = 8. The value is a constant
that is independent of the order (decreasing or increasing) of the sequence or the value of the middle
number n. Hence, Choose (D) and (E).
2. The numbers 102 and 729 are themselves multiples of 3. Also, a multiple of 3 exists once in every three
consecutive integers. Counting the multiples of 3 starting with 1 for 102, 2 (= 1 + (105 102)/3 = 1 + 1 = 2)
for 105, 3 (= 1 + (108 102)/3 = 1 + 2 = 3) for 108, and so on, the count we get for 729 equals 1 + (729
102)/3 = 1 + Column B. Hence, Column A is greater than Column B by 1 unit. Hence, the answer is (A).
315
3. Since each one of the three numbers a, b, and c is divisible by 3, the numbers can be represented as 3p,
3q, and 3r, respectively, where p, q, and r are integers. The product of the three numbers is
3p 3q 3r = 27(pqr)
Since p, q, and r are integers, pqr is an integer and therefore abc is divisible by 27. The answer is (A) and
(B).
Note: any number divisible by 27 must also be divisible by the factors of 27 (9 is a factor of 27).
4. Since the remainder when m + n is divided by 12 is 8, m + n = 12p + 8; and since the remainder when
m n is divided by 12 is 6, m n = 12q + 6. Here, p and q are integers. Adding the two equations yields
2m = 12p + 12q + 14
Solving for m by dividing both sides of the equation by 2yields
m = 6p + 6q + 7 =
m = 6p + 6q + (6 + 1) =
(by rewriting 7 as 6 + 1)
6(p + q + 1) + 1 =
6r + 1, where r is a positive integer equaling p + q + 1
Now, lets subtract the equations m + n = 12p + 8 and m n = 12q + 6. This yields
2n = (12p + 8) (12q + 6) = 12(p q) + 2
Solving for n by dividing by 2 yields n = 6(p q) + 1 = 6t + 1, where t is an integer equaling p q.
Hence, we have
mn = (6r + 1)(6t + 1)
= 36rt + 6r + 6t + 1
= 6(6rt + r + t) + 1
by factoring out 6
5. Intuitively, one expects x4 + 1 to be larger than x3 + 1. But this is a hard problem, so we can reject (B) as
the answer. Now, if x = 1, then the expressions are equal. However, for any other value of x, the
expressions are unequal. Hence, the answer is (D).
316
Test 16Solutions
6. We are given that each day 1% of the remaining wheat in the tank is lost. The initial content in the tank
is x pounds. By the end of the first day, the content remaining is
(Initial content)(1 Loss percent/100) = x(1 1/100) = 0.99x
Similarly, the content remaining after the end of the second day is 0.99x(1 1/100) = (0.99)(0.99)x; and by
the end of the third day, the content remaining is (0.99)(0.99)(0.99)x. Hence, Column A, which equals the
net loss percentage in the three consecutive days, is
In the case AC is not the hypotenuse of the triangle and, say, DC is the hypotenuse, then by applying The
Pythagorean Theorem to the triangle, we have
AD2 + AC2 = DC2
AD2 + 52 = DC2
This equation is satisfied by IV: 52 + 12 =
( 26 ) .
Hence, we conclude that III and IV are possible. The two are available in choice (C). Hence, the answer is
(C).
317
10. In the figure, points A(0, 2) and D(0, 0) have the same x-coordinate (which is 0). Hence, the two lines
must be on the same vertical line in the coordinate system.
Similarly, the x-coordinates of points B and C are the same (both equal a). Hence, the points are on the
same vertical line in the coordinate system.
Now, if ABCD is a parallelogram, then the opposite sides must be equal. Hence, AD must equal BC.
Since AD and BC are vertical lines, AD = y-coordinate difference of the points A and D, which equals
2 0 = 2, and BC = the y-coordinate difference of the points B and C, which equals b 2. Equating AD and
BC yields b 2 = 2, or b = 4. Enter 4 in the grid.
11. We know that a diagonal of a parallelogram divides the parallelogram into two triangles of equal area.
Since AC is a diagonal of parallelogram ABCD, the area of ACD = the area of ABC; and since BC is a
diagonal of parallelogram ABEC, the area of CBE = the area of ABC. Hence, the areas of triangles ACD,
ABC, and CBE, which form the total quadrilateral ABED, are equal. Since ABCD forms only two triangles,
ACD and ABC, of the three triangles, the area of the parallelogram equals two thirds of the area of the
quadrilateral ABED. This equals 2/3 6 = 4. Enter 4 in the grid.
12. If the two graphs in figures 1 and 2 were represented on a single coordinate plane, the figure would
look like this:
f(10)
g(10)
(0, 2)
(0, 1)
(2, 0)
(1, 0)
(10, 0)
x-axis
y 2 y1
. Now,
x 2 x1
1
1 0
(1, 0) and (0, 1) are two points on the line g(x). Hence, the slope of the line is
= = 1 . Similarly,
0 (1) 1
2
2 0
(2, 0) and (0, 2) are two points on the line f(x). Hence, the slope of the line is
= = 1 . Since the
0 (2) 2
lines have same slope (1), they must be parallel.
We know that the slope of a line through any two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is given by
Now, the point above the origin (x = 0) on the line f(x) is (0, 2) and is 2 units above the origin. But, the
corresponding point (above origin, i.e., above x = 0) on g(x) is (0, 1) and is only 1 unit above the origin.
This combined with the fact that the lines f(x) and g(x) are parallel shows that each point on f(x) for a given
value of x is above the corresponding point on g(x). Hence, for any given value of x, f(x) is greater than
g(x). Hence, f(10) must be greater than g(10). Hence, Column A > Column B, and the answer is (A).
318
Test 16Solutions
13. We are given x + 3 > 0. Adding 3 to both sides of this inequality yields x + 6 > 3. Hence, x + 6 > 0.
Now, the product of two positive numbers is positive, so (x + 3)(x + 6) > 0. The answer is (E).
Regarding the other answer-choices: We are given that x + 3 > 0.Subtracting 3 from both sides yields
x > 3.Ifx equals 2, x 3 is negative. Hence, reject choice (A).
(x 3)(x 4) is negative for the values of x between 3 and 4 [For example, when x equals 3.5, the
expression is negative]. The known inequality x > 3 allows the values to be in this range. Hence, the
expression can be negative. Reject choice (B).
(x 3)(x + 3) is negative for the values of x between 3 and 3 [For example, when x equals 0, the
expression is negative]. The known inequality x > 3 allows the values to be in this range. Hence, the
expression can be negative. Reject choice (C).
(x 3)(x + 4) is negative for the values of x between 3 and 4 [For example, when x equals 0, the
expression is negative]. The known inequality x > 3 allows the values to be in this range. Hence, the
expression can be negative. Reject choice (D).
(x + 3)(x + 6) is negative only for the values of x between 3 and 6 [For example, when x equals 4, the
expression is negative]. But the known inequality x > 3 does not allow the values to be in this range.
Hence, the expression cannot be negative. Hence, accept choice (E).
x
y
z
= k. This reduces to
=
=
bc c a a b
x = (b c)k
y = (c a)k
z = (a b)k
Now, ax + by + cz equals
a(b c)k + b(c a)k + c(a b)k =
k(ab ac + bc ba + ca cb) =
k0=
0
The answer is (A).
15. The average of 13 and 23 is (13 + 23)/2 = 36/2 = 18, so the last digit is 8.
The average of 113 and 123 is (113 + 123)/2 = 236/2 = 118, so the last digit is also 8.
Hence, Column A equals Column B, and the answer is (C).
319
a+6 5
= . Multiplying both sides of the equation by 6(b + 6) yields
b+ 6 6
6(a + 6) = 5(b + 6)
6a + 36 = 5b + 30
6a = 5b 6
a = 5b/6 1
0 < 5b/6 1
since a is positive
1 < 5b/6
6/5 < b
1.2 < b
1 < 1.2 < b
since 1 < 1.2
Column B < 1.2 < Column A
Hence, the answer is (A).
18. We have
m
27 = 33m
33 = 33m
(33)1/m = 33m
33/m = 33m
3/m = 3m
m2 = 1
m = 1
By replacing 27 with 33
Since by definition m a = a1 m
Since (xa)b equals xab
By equating the powers on both sides
By multiplying both sides by m/3
By square rooting both sides
We have 4m > 1. If m = 1, then 4m = 41 = 1/4 = 0.25, which is not greater than 1. Hence, m must equal the
other value 1. Here, 4m = 41 = 4, which is greater than 1. Hence, m = 1. The answer is (E).
320
Test 16Solutions
20. One pound of rice costs 0.33 dollars. A dozen eggs cost as much as one pound of rice, and a dozen has
12 items. Hence, 12 eggs cost 0.33 dollars.
Now, since half a liter of kerosene costs as much as 8 eggs, one liter must cost 2 times the cost of 8 eggs,
which equals the cost of 16 eggs.
Now, suppose 16 eggs cost x dollars. We know that 12 eggs cost 0.33 dollars. So, forming the proportion
yields
= 44 cents
The answer is (D).
21. The string is cut into three along its length. Let l be the length of the smallest piece. Then the length of
the longest piece is 3l, and the total length of the three pieces is 35 cm. The length of the longest and
shortest pieces together is l + 3l = 4l. Hence, the length of the third piece (medium-size piece) must be
35 4l. Arranging the lengths of the three pieces in increasing order of length yields the following
inequality:
l < 35 4l < 3l
5l < 35 < 7l
5l < 35 and 35 < 7l
l < 7 and 5 < l
5<l<7
20 < 4l < 28
20 > 4l > 28
35 20 > 35 4l > 35 28
15 > 35 4l > 7
15 > The length of the medium-size piece > 7
Column B > Column A > 7
Hence, the answer is (B).
Method II:
Had the length of the medium-size piece been greater than or equal to 15, the length of the longest-size
piece would be greater than 15 and the length of the smallest piece, which equals 1/3 the length of the
longest piece, would be greater than 15/3 = 5. Hence, the sum of the three lengths exceeds 15 + 15 + 5 (=
35). Since this is impossible, our assumption that the length of the medium-sized piece is greater than or
equal to 15 is false. Hence, it is less than 15 and therefore Column A is less than Column B. The answer is
(B).
321
22. Let m be the number of male participants and f be the number of female participants in the meeting.
The total number of participants is given as 750. Hence, we have
m + f = 750
Now, we have that half the female participants and one-quarter of the male participants are Democrats. Let
d equal the number of the Democrats. Then we have the equation
f/2 + m/4 = d
Now, we have that one-third of the total participants are Democrats. Hence, we have the equation
d = 750/3 = 250
Solving the three equations yields the solution f = 250, m = 500, and d = 250. The number of female
democratic participants equals half the female participants equals 250/2 = 125. The answer is (C).
23. Since 2 of the 5 eggs are rotten, the chance of selecting a rotten egg the first time is 2/5. For the second
selection, there is only one rotten egg, out of the 4 remaining eggs. Hence, there is a 1/4 chance of selecting
a rotten egg again. Hence, the probability of selecting 2 rotten eggs in a row is 2/5 1/4 = 1/10. Since 2/5 >
1/10, Column A is greater than Column B. The answer is (A).
24. Let x be the number of people who own both types of cars. Then the number of people who own only
Fords is 16 x, and the number of people who own only Toyotas is 11 x. Adding these two expressions
gives the number of people who own only one of the two types of cars, which we are are told is 15:
(16 x) + (11 x) = 15
Adding like terms yields 27 2x = 15. Subtracting 27 from both sides of the equation yields 2x = 12.
Finally, divide both sides of the equation by 2 yields x = 6. The answer is (B).
322