GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS IN BROODING

As stated previously, the factors that are essential in successful

brooding are:
Constant and reliable source of heat and this includes a suitable
house with good ventilation.
Balanced feeds and abundant water for proper growth and
development of young chicken.
Strict hygiene and sanitation for the prevention of diseases
Factors Essential for Brooding
Constant and Reliable Source of Heat
The most common course of big mortality in brooding is sufficient
heat brought about by many factors. Insufficient heat course respiratory
troubles, the most common and total of which is pneumonia, the affected
chicks become sleepy, dull listless and do not want to eat.
Insufficient heat may be due, in electric brooders to low wattage in
case of rainy or cold days, there should be two 50 W bulbs during
summer, one 50 W bulbs, to conserve the heat better, a curtain should
be strung between the compartment and the it should be noted that the

heat in the brooders maybe maintained by closing windows and door of

brooders house excluding the ventilation above.

Balance Feeds and Abundant Water

The feeds for baby chicks should supply all food nutrients
including vitamins and minerals for their proper development and
growth. A person who does not have any knowledge of the principle of
poultry nutrition should not attempt to mix his own feed unless he is just
merely following tested forwards.
Chick rating should contain at least 20% protein including 4-5%
animals. This protein has been found sufficient for proper growth of baby
chicks. Proper amount of vitamin A should be provided with the feeds to
shark the growth of birds and to keep the respiratory in a healthy and
resistants condition sufficient minerals should also be provided in the
feeds for the growth development bones.
Abundant clean water is just as essential balance ration, hence it
should be before the birds that all times in fact animals can stand
deprivation of food much longer than they could of water. Poor quality or

insufficient feeds and water will result in retarded growth, poor quality
health and high percentage of mortality or sickly birds.
Strict Hygiene and Sanitation
Hygiene is the science of preservation and promotion of health of it
is a system of principles and rules designed to preserved and promote
health hygiene has there dimension genetics, biological and environment.
3 Dimension of Hygiene
The genetics this deals with the breeding of animals for
resistance against diseases. This does not concern us in our
present brooding work. However this indicates the necessary of
buying our chicks from flocks own by scientific breeders.
The Environment deals with the factor under which animals live.
It includes proper care and management. Under these, we have to
follow strictly the instruction as to housing, ventilation, floor
space, heat requirement, feeds and breeding cleanliness and
disinfection.
Cleanliness must be observe at all times. Feeders, water should
be cleaned. Do not allow visitors to touch the bird or make
unnecessary

noise.

Make

the

birdscomfortable

happy

contented and they well repay you with good performance.

and

 The Biological this deals with vaccination of animals with

biological preparations to immunize or make them hesitant against
specific diseases organism. This emphasizes vaccination of chicks
for the preventions of avian pest, fowl pox Marek diseases, etc.
Vaccination of Chicks
Importance in vaccination is the age of the fowl at the time of
vaccination. The younger the vaccinated subject, the less durable is the
induce protections if at all. It does not mean. However, that the immunity
induced in young subject is not adequate, it is not the protection afforded
does not lost long perhaps 4 8 weeks is the longest immunity conferred.
The brands of vaccine product immunity more or less dependent
upon their more of application. It has been found that the immunity
induced by a single wing web avian pest vaccination in bird, 8 10
weeks of ages, is not so lasting and solid as that obtained from 2
intranasal vaccination applies with the birds are few day olds and again
at 8 12 weeks of age. The wing web vaccine has a particular use in
older birds, 8 12 weeks of ages, if they have not been given any vaccine
previously.