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Abstract The sensors Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM +), hosted on
platforms Landsat 5 and Landsat 7 respectively are able to capture radiation in 7 spectral bands (blue, green,
red, 3 in the near infrared and 1 in thermal infrared) adding the panchromatic ETM + in the visible. One of the
interesting applications of these sensors is the study of glaciers, as his human study in-situ presents difficulties
due to large extensions, the extreme conditions and the remoteness of the areas occupied by glaciers. It is
noteworthy that the contribution made by these satellites must be validated in the field. The Landsat-7
platform unlike Landsat 5 has a panchromatic band with 15m. of spatial resolution, improving the system of
sensor radiometric calibration and refinement of the geometry of capture. For the study of glaciers developed a
Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) with the difference bands 2 and 5 divided by their sum, this index
partially removes atmospheric effects, since in the band 2 snow and clouds have a High reflectance, unlike the
band 5 in the reflectance drastically drops in the snow while the cloud remains high. However, in some types of
ice reflectance is not as high, so that the application of this index would not be as feasible to map these ices. To
analyze the retreat of glaciers using Landsat time series through NDSI of 2 or more different years on the same
date and by reclassifying the NDSI with value 1 for values greater than 0.4 and 0 for others. Whereas for
estimating the ice surface can be used both as the ratio TM4/TM5 NDSI because the reflectance of the snow /
ice increases as the wavelength decreases, especially below 0.8-1.2 um. Simple techniques of image processing,
such as the analysis of the ratio bands 3 and 5 or 4 and 5 of Landsat or normalized difference snows index
(NDSI) have been useful for the study and analysis of mass ice in areas such as mapping, area estimation,
characterization, ice mass balance, movement and glacier dynamics and their spatial distribution.
Key Words: Landsat, Thematic Mapper, Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus, glaciers, remote sensing.
INTRODUCCIN
ESPECIFICACIONES TCNICAS
Banda 1
Banda 2
Banda 3
Banda 4
Banda 5
Banda 6
Banda 7
Banda 8
TM
0.45
0.52
0.63
0.76
1.55
10.4
2.08
0.52
0.6
0.69
0.9
1.75
12.5
2.35
ETM+
0.45
0.52
0.63
0.76
1.55
10.4
2.08
052
0.52
0.61
0.69
0.9
1.75
12.5
2.35
09
1998.
Anlisis de retroceso