PDF Compressor Pro

"

'

&#$%% ! " "

The 6th National Biotechnology Congress of Iran

13-15 Aug, 2009, Milad Tower Conference Hall, Tehran-Iran

RAPD
()/0 1 2& . , (- $ )

+$ * ()

,
-

' (%## $ # ! "

&
1

! , )"
+
*
+ ! , ) " - . * !+
* 7 3 0 1 . 456 2
.0 1

*
)"

( )" #
/*

3
5

@
" " =5> ? 3 - !"
< ;+
)
3:
. 4 2 ." 4859 "
)
< 4 @AB)
D IJ =3 " !" K5
H
4* @
G. +: " FF . C )D 4) " E &+
4C 4 L
$ - N2 . @
)J M B
" L =3 @ "
@ * 4 : 6 ;+
- . ".
+> 6
! < ;"
" ( ) 4 !" FP# @AB) 41 / " O @ * & 8 ;+
O + . +<
" ;@B ) Q R S >
5 ?3 <@B &
;+
QR
B
0.- . *
- ;+ !" K5 @ B
T 4 U
2 " *L G.
RAPD
* - &
@ + ) . !"
< "@B
T 4 U
H 4 - @K V%W. VW * ." !+
2
" . )
< " 0." * & 8 ;@ +) XC )
< " . @ " XC !"
< 4 " L. * ;+ D
!" . )
<7 @AB)
- S: C [ 5) Z * ;@ +) " . !"
<- Z Y ".@ "
^ =59 !"
<@ *4 < *
4 / . ]D . " * . @ * X6 S\ T . + + 9 S: C
;+
RAPD (

5.

4$

6
_
?3 -

)@B
D@B

4 @AB) 4) " . ! +
&
;+
QR

( ?3 < - 4 2 ." 4) < + E !" @ B

0.- . * +> 6 4 2 ."
< H G & ;"
!" "

PDF Compressor Pro

"

'

&#$%% ! " "

The 6th National Biotechnology Congress of Iran

13-15 Aug, 2009, Milad Tower Conference Hall, Tehran-Iran

QR

+ < - +T
)
3:
&4
;"
" ( ) 4 !"
d- ;a#`+
\ +
;a `"
!" K5
* 4 )
< C :
. gB 6
2
T "
" " a%. #W & ` 2 2 . 45B2
&"
41 / 4

L ) @ B 4*
4 2 ." ! < " S
;@B ) Q R S > &
5
2." & ) &/A 4
4859 "
;aF`" " " .
DI :4 / )"
FP# @AB) 41 / " O @ * ! <
" ;ab`+
4
+)
!" ) 9- .
c . +<4C 4 @ - ) -L
$! <
<+)- S
"& 8
D 0- 4 . @T : " 4* @ 4) " " !+ + d- 0 @ 1 4
" =5>
!" K5 &4 2 ."
< " @B
T
5) I 1 M " . 0+1 I : "
" " - / 4 *
4* +
O2
!" . )
e )
QR
QR
- . f
&!"
. RAPD ;a#W`+)
!" K5 / ) 4 2 ."
d /< ;a$`+
h) " I K: ] R5) . Z 5) 6 I T 7 . 4 2 ."
5 *
& + ! <@B QR
RAPD * - ;" " " . i 5R
<@B
j5) - SA> .
))
48 < 4 C "
@B
< ;@ !+ !" K5
;@ " g 9 !" +: " kF . ) +: " F @AB)
) 5B )
7$ $
&4 DNA 8 9:0 $

DNA

;+)+

>
"
0 < ) ) FW

.D f
+
! , ) " - . * !+ ) " 4) R < . 0
I j j3 /* l
)
5 56. 5 n o DNA @ K * . @h G ;+ ' R5
m . aV` CTAB d.
) @h G DNA Nn ;+
/ ) +: " Wp% - <D L . DNA @ K * & 8 ;@6 <
;@6 < > !" K5 " PCR
*. " . q > 5 .
PCR

g /)D +C . Z &dNTP - L
Wp S
* . U R ;+ 0 () 5 .
F
* . Z " PCR
D
2 #Wx 6 5 .
pF . + 2
2 J .
Wp &Mgcl2 L
#pF &2
" Smar Taq
FWW . C`
RAPD* . ;+
DNA 5 .
0 < ) ) FW . aTris-Hcl L
#WW . Kcl L
F I+ 4 4 " k PS
W Nn . 4j >" F I+ 4 4 " k L. S
P@6 < 0 () - o
@3 PCR
& 8 ;+ 0 () 4j >" # I+ 4 4 " b &4 ) r F I+ 4 aF#W
2` 4 " W . aF#
2` 4 " $ &4 ) r
IJ =3 - 6. 5 ;+
- +2
2 W s ( " ;+ 0 () 4j >" b I+ 4 4 " b
" "
) \
0 +
/ D t) - N2
\ I T7> . 0 () @1 $ I+ 4 %W 5 . . +: " # - <D L !+ \
;+)+ " < QR + .

1
2

Sonoran
Salix viminalis

PDF Compressor Pro

"

'

&#$%% ! " "

The 6th National Biotechnology Congress of Iran

13-15 Aug, 2009, Milad Tower Conference Hall, Tehran-Iran

<, $ =+ :&
i 5R
2 " - @K WWW
WW - I T7> !- +) . 4T7> #
\ I T7> " +T
-D
"
u ) +) bW s ( " . &+)" "
) gB 6
2
2
-D "
!"
2 W
- ;" I. K5
. 5 -AGGAGTCGGA-3
aF#W . F#`
2 ." &
2
- ;+ !+
u
2 +) .
4 U
+)
.
2 4* &+)" ) " (
- @K V%W . VW
+) H
4 5 -GGGCCACTCA-3
+) 0."
2 . a# S ` @ +) XC )
< " . @ " XC !"
< 4 " 4* " ) +
!" @ B
;a S ` + ) QR !"
< " @ "" . )
< " +)
4* &" ) " (
)@B 4 U
!" K5 " c . + < - SA> SC " @ B
T
*
14 +)
I T7>
&
C :
4 ) " " =5> f . - "
S>
46 : v1
- S: C [ 5) ;+) < >
;+
/6 / ) 41 / " " 1 / !"
< " +T
/6 & 8 . + + 9

- @K

VW +) !+ "

) F1

2 ;RAPD
;

5) *

2o
PM ;" +) " . )

) DNA I T7> \ ?% > '

< " . " " " . !"

< " 4*

PDF Compressor Pro

"

'

&#$%% ! " "

The 6th National Biotechnology Congress of Iran

13-15 Aug, 2009, Milad Tower Conference Hall, Tehran-Iran

;
.0 1

5) *

PM ;" " " . )

/* .

< " oj6 4* @

+

- @K V%W +) !+ "

! , ) " - . * !+
;0 "

)" "
L *

) F10

< "5 4 *- 5 &

47 . 4 456

2 ?)> '
1$

A
1-Agrawal, V., Sharma, K., Gupta, S., Kumar, R., Prasad, M. 2007. Identification of sex in Simmondsia
chinensis (Jojoba) using RAPD markers. Plant Biotechnol Rep. 1: 207-210.
2-Alstrom-Rapaport, C., Lascoux, A., Wang, Y.C., Roberts, G. and Tuskan, G.A., 1998. Identification of a
RAPD marker linked to sex determination in the basket willow (Salix viminalis L.). Journal of Heredity.
89: 44-49.
3-Belaj, A., I. Trujillo, R. Rosa, Rallo and M.J. Gimemez. 2000. Polymorphism and discrimination
capacity of randomly amplified polymorphic marker in olive germplasm bank. Journal American Society
Hort Science. 126: 64-71.
4-Mills D. Zhang G. and Benzioni A., 2001. Effect of different salts and ABA on growth and mineral
uptake in jojoba shoots grown in vitro. J. Plant Phsiol. 158: 1031-1039.
5-Parasnis, A.S., Gupta, V.S., Tamhankar, S.A. and Ranjekar, P.K., 2000. A highly reliable sex diagnostic
PCR assay for mass screening of papaya seedling. Molecular Breeding. 6: 337-344.
6- Saghari, Maroof, M.A., Soliman, K.M., Jorgensen, R.A., Allard R.W. 1984. Ribosomal DNA spacerlength polymorphism in barley: Mendelian inheritance, choromosomal location, and population dynamics.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 81: 8014-8018.
7-Tyagi R.K. and Prakash S., 2004. Genotype-and sex-specific protocols for in vitro micropropagation
and medium-term conservation of jojoba. Biologia Plantarum. 48:19-23.
8-Chaves-Bedoya, G., Nunez, V. 2007. A SCAR marker for the sex type determination in colombian
genotype of Carica papaya. Euphytica. 153: 215-220.
9-Xu, W.J., Wang, B.W. and Cui, K.M. 2004. RAPD and SCAR markers linked to sex determination in
Eucommia ulmoides Olive. Euphytica. 136: 233-238

PDF Compressor Pro

"

'

&#$%% ! " "

The 6th National Biotechnology Congress of Iran

13-15 Aug, 2009, Milad Tower Conference Hall, Tehran-Iran

10-Yakubov, B., Barazani, O. and Goldhirsh-Goldhirsh, A., 2004. Combination of SCAR primers and
touchdown-PCR for sex identification in Pistacia vera L. Journal Scientia Horticulture. 103: 473-478

PDF Compressor Pro

"

'

&#$%% ! " "

The 6th National Biotechnology Congress of Iran

13-15 Aug, 2009, Milad Tower Conference Hall, Tehran-Iran

Sex determination past of flowering in Simmondsia chinensis (Jojoba)

using RAPD markers
Baghizadeh, A3BHosseini, F1* , **. Shahsavand Hassani, H2. Arvin, M. J2,3. Mohammadinejad, Gh2
1
Agricultural Biotechnology MS.c student of Shahid Bahonar Univercity of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; 2 college of
agriculture, Shahid Bahonar Univercity of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; 3 International Center for Science, High Technology
and Environmental Science, Kerman, Iran.

Abstract
Simmondsia chinensis is a dioecious tree native to sonoran desert. The pistillate plants are economically
more useful than the staminate plants. The seed containing of 55% oil that it is suitable for using of
cosmetics products and pharmaceutic. The waiting time from planting to harvesting is very long and it does
not flower or produce seeds until 3-4 years after transplantation. With cultivation seed in the field obtained
5:1; mle:female ratio. The jojoba plant is without distinguishable sex chromosomes. Therefore, the plant
sex isnt distinguish by cytological methods. Since there is no methodes available to determine the sex at
the seedling stage, current investigations have been carried out to generate a sex-specific RAPD marker in
jojoba. Two marker 460 bp and 680 bp produced, that related to female and male plants, respectively . The
first marker present in the female plants and absent in male plants. Also, second marker obtained in male
plants and absent in female plants. by result of this study, a desired ratio of male and female plants can be
achieved, and resources like, planting space, fertilizers, water and the labor costs can be devoted to the
cultivation of the desired sex.
Key words: Sex determination, Jojoba, RAPD markers