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PRODUCTIVITY FACTORS
To intelligently use the manhour unit data presented
in these tables, the user must give consideration to several factors that tend to affect the productive efficiency
of his crews as compared to the productive efficiency of
the crews upon whose efforts the table units are based.
To assist the user in making these adjustments, the author reports that the tables are based upon a productivity efficiency rate of 70 percent, which he considers average. As a guide to the basis he used in arriving at this
percentage, he classifies productivity efficiency into five
ranges as follows:
1. Very Low
10- 40%
2. Low
41- 60%
3. Average
61- 80%
4. Very Good
81- 90%
5. Excellent
91-100%
Before an overall productivity efficiency is obtained,
the estimator must first arrive at estimates of six important production elements that will affect the efficiency of
70%
3. Labor Relations
65%
4. Job Conditions
60%
5. Equipment
70%
6. Weather
50%
Total
390%
Since there are six elements involved, we must now divide the total percentage by the number of elements to
arrive at an average percentage of productivity: 390 percent 6 = 65 percent average productivity efficiency.
As previously mentioned, the manhour tables are
based on an average productivity efficiency of 70 percent; thus these units would have to be increased 5 percent above the tabulated values in order to be applicable
to the project under consideration.
The author of these manhour tables points out specifically what has been taken into account in determining
these values. The user should study the notes that accompany each table. Also, it is to be especially noted that
the tables presented include allowances for labor involved for handling, hauling and installing where applicable, but do not cover the cost of the materials and
equipment itself; nor do they include any allowance for
overhead cost or profit.
One Foreman
Five Carpenters
8 hours @ $3.44$137.60
Two Laborers
$214.32
$214.32
For the project under consideration, with the productivity efficiency rated at 65 percent, the manhour rate
would be evaluated by multiplying $3.572 by 1.05, which
equals $3.75: composite rate for 65 percent productivity.
Simply by multiplying the number of manhours estimated for a given block or item of work by the arrived at
composite rate, a total estimated direct labor cost, in
dollar value, can easily and accurately be obtained,
whether it be now or ten years from now and for any geographical location in the world.
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.030
.026
.008
.064
.008
.008
.015
.031
.001
.001
.002
.038
.035
.024
.097
Spread Type
Fabricate
Erect
Strip & clean
Total
.038
.029
.008
.075
.008
.015
.015
.038
.001
.001
.002
.046
.045
.024
.115
.035
.054
.008
.097
.010
.022
.023
.055
.001
.001
.002
.045
.077
.032
.154
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.023
.036
.008
.067
.008
.011
.015
.034
.001
.001
.002
.031
.048
.024
.103
.007
.011
.015
.033
.001
.001
.002
.040
.054
.023
.117
Tilt-Up Walls
Fabricate
Erect
Strip & clean
Total
.008
.008
.015
.031
.001
.001
.002
.038
.035
.024
.097
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.008
.008
.015
.031
.001
.001
.002
.038
.035
.024
.097
.008
.015
.015
038
.001
.001
.002
.046
.045
.024
.115
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.021
.023
.044
.002
.002
.004
.076
.036
.112
.020
.022
.042
.002
.002
.004
.073
.034
.107
Grade Beams
Fabricate
Erect
Strip & clean
Total
.030
.026
.008
.064
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
.038
.029
.008
.075
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
.051
.010
.061
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
12" Round
Fabricate & erect
Strip
Total
.050
.008
.058
.008
.008
.016
.001
.001
.002
.059
.017
.076
24" Round
Fabricate & Erect
Strip
Total
.052
.008
.060
.008
.008
.016
.001
.001
.002
.061
.017
.078
30" Round
Fabricate & Erect
Strip
Total
.054
.008
.062
.008
.008
.016
.001
.001
.002
.063
.017
.080
30" Round
Fabricate & Erect
Strip
Total
.056
.008
.064
.008
.008
.016
.001
.001
.002
.065
.017
.082
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.059
.012
.071
.023
.031
.054
.003
.003
.006
.085
.046
.131
.066
.014
.080
.026
.035
.061
.003
.003
.006
.095
.052
.147
.078
.017
.095
.031
.041
.072
.003
.003
.006
.112
.061
.173
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.030
.045
.007
.082
.008
.012
.029
.049
.002
.002
.004
.038
.059
.038
.135
.030
.051
.009
.090
.008
.013
.033
.054
.002
.002
.004
.038
.066
.044
.148
.030
.060
.010
.100
.008
.016
.039
.063
.002
.002
.004
.038
.078
.051
.167
Re-Use Factors
Re-use factor manhours are average for
the minor replacement or repair of all
types of wood forming.
The manhours shown should be substituted for the initial fabrication manhours for all form work, in accordance
with its estimated re-uses.
If major repairs are required for reuse of form work, it should be charged
at initial fabrication cost for that particular type of form work.
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Total
.01
.02
.03
.04
.003
.004
.006
.007
.013
.024
.036
.047
.005
.005
Manhours
Item
Footings
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD
Manhours include complete placement
and vibration of concrete for the items
listed.
Manhours in this and following tables do not include necessary craft
stand-by time, fabrication of special
ramps or finishing of concrete.
Laborer
Carpenter
Oper.
Engr.
Oiler Total
.46
.60
.81
.70
.03
.03
.03
.03
.03
.49
.60
.87
.73
.53
.70
.88
.79
.04
.03
.03
.06
.57
.70
.94
.82
.35
.75
.38
.05
.06
.06
.40
.75
.50
Manhours
Item
Laborer
Carpenter
Oper.
Engr.
Oiler Total
Grade Beams
Chute
Buggies
Crane & bucket
Conveyor & buggy
.55
.91
.94
.91
.04
.03
.07
.03
.59
.91
1.00
.98
.04
.04
.07
.04
.59
1.00
1.07
1.07
Manhours
Piers
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD
Manhours include set-up time and the
placement and vibration of concrete for
square and round piers as described.
Additional allowance has been given
to the placement of concrete in round
piers due to the fact that additional care
must be taken in this type of formwork.
Item
Laborer
Carpenter
Oper.
Engr.
Oiler Total
Square Piers
Chute
Buggies
Crane & bucket
Conveyor & buggy
.70
.96
1.02
.96
.05
.06
.10
.06
.75
.96
1.14
1.06
Round Piers
Chute
Buggies
Crane & bucket
Conveyor & buggy
.74
1.00
1.07
1.00
.05
.06
.11
.06
.79
1.00
1.19
1.11
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.88
.62
.68
.59
.16
.07
.09
.07
.07
.09
1.04
.76
.86
.66
1.17
.83
.91
.16
.07
.09
.07
.09
1.33
.76
1.09
1.46
1.04
1.14
.16
.07
.09
.07
.09
1.62
1.18
1.32
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
Exterior Columns
Fabricate
Erect
Strip & clean
Total
.029
.052
.010
.091
.013
.026
.026
.065
.001
.001
.002
.042
.079
.037
.158
Interior Columns
Fabricate
Erect
Strip & clean
Total
.036
.065
.010
.111
.013
.033
.026
.072
.001
.001
.002
.049
.099
.037
.185
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
12" Round
Fabricate & erect
Strip
Total
.040
.006
.046
.006
.006
.012
.001
.001
.002
.047
.013
.060
24" Round
Fabricate & erect
Strip
Total
.042
.006
.048
.006
.006
.012
.001
.001
.002
.049
.013
.062
30" Round
Fabricate & erect
Strip
Total
.046
.006
.052
.006
.006
.012
.001
.001
.002
.053
.013
.066
36" Round
Fabricate & erect
Strip
Total
.050
.006
.056
.006
.006
.012
.001
.001
.002
.057
.013
.070
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.049
.064
.010
.123
.010
.017
.022
.049
.001
.001
.002
.059
.082
.033
.174
.059
.077
.012
.148
.012
.020
.026
.058
.001
.001
.002
.071
.045
.024
.115
.036
.047
.007
.090
.007
.013
.016
.036
.001
.001
.002
.043
.061
.024
.128
Manhours
Columns
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD
Manhours are for the placing and vibrating of the listed types of columns.
Additional allowance has been given
to the placement of round columns due
to the fact that additional care must be
taken in this type of formwork.
Manhours do not include craft standby time, the fabrication, installation and
dismantling of hoist or the finishing of
concrete.
Item
Laborer
Oper.
Engr.
Oiler
r
Total
1.43
.99
.14
.08
.08
1.57
1.15
1.79
1.24
.16
.10
.10
1.95
1.44
1.87
1.30
.17
.11
.11
2.04
1.52
Column Caps
Hoist & buggies
Crane, bucket & buggies
2.40
1.95
.15
.12
.12
2.55
2.19
Manhours
Item
Pre-Cast Panels 6" Thick
Place Concrete
Finish & Cure
Erect Panels
Laborer
Cement
Finisher
Iron
Worker
Total
.147
.002
.015
.120
.147
.017
.120
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
Square Beams
Fabricate
Erect
Strip & clean
Total
.038
.071
.008
.117
.011
.026
.023
.060
.001
.001
.002
.049
.098
.032
.179
.032
.088
.017
.137
.013
.035
.045
.093
.001
.001
.002
.045
.124
.063
.232
.011
.029
.037
.077
.001
.001
.002
.038
.103
.052
.193
Manhours
Item
Laborer
Carpenter
Oper.
Engr.
.55
.65
.04
.07
.07
.59
.79
.09
.07
.09
1.03
.77
.10
.09
.10
1.30
.99
Oiler Total
Manhours
Item
Laborer
Carpenter
Oper.
Engr.
Oiler Total
1.88
1.43
.19
.11
.11
2.07
1.65
1.56
1.09
.16
.10
.10
1.72
1.29
.41
.87
1.10
.04
.10
.10
.45
.87
1.30
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.067
.004
.071
.036
.036
.072
.001
.001
.002
.104
.041
.145
.030
.036
.066
.001
.001
.002
.074
.041
.115
.009
.020
.029
.001
.001
.002
.051
.026
.077
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
Total
.050
.023
.015
.018
.056
.002
.002
.002
.006
.065
.027
.020
.112
Total
.060
.040
.015
.018
.073
.002
.002
.002
.006
.092
.027
.020
.139
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.03
.03
.06
.01
.01
.18
.04
.22
.01
.01
.20
.05
.25
.04
.04
.08
.01
.01
.22
.06
.28
.04
.05
.09
.01
.01
.24
.07
.31
.041
.005
.046
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Manhours
Item
Equipment Foundations
Simple Layout
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Manhours are based on the fabrication
and installation of 2-inch materials for
formwork to 18 inches high, and plywood sheathing for forms to 4 feet high,
all properly braced and anchored in
place.
A simple layout is that of a small
square pad placed either integral with
floor or over preset dowels left purposely in preplaced floor for this reason.
Carpenter
Equipment Foundations
Complex Layout
Bulky, Offset, Skewed and Angled
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Complex foundation manhours are average for all sizes and shapes and are
based on the use of 1- and 2-inch planking, plywood sheathing and minor sheet
metal cuts and bends.
A complex layout is that of a large and
bulky foundation with many offsets,
skews and angles, such as a foundation
for a turbo-generator.
Manhours
Item
Carpenter
Laborer
Truck
Driver
Total
.20
.05
.25
.08
.12
.20
.02
.02
.30
.17
.47
.13
.01
.14
.04
.03
.07
.01
.01
.02
.19
.04
.23
Manhours
Item
Per Ton
Per cwt
1.75
0.0875
6.00
11.48
0.3000
0.5740
7.25
8.78
0.3625
0.4390
16.50
22.10
0.8250
1.1050
18.51
29.79
0.9250
1.4900
Item
Welded Wire Mesh
Cut & Place
Manhours
per 100 sq ft
.80
Hook Type
Anchor Bolt Installation
MANHOURS EACH
Manhours are based on overall length of
anchor bolt from end to end including
hook and are average for all heights.
Manhours are for installation of template and bolt, or bolt and sleeve, as the
case may be, for the size and length outlined.
All bolts 78 inch and larger are assumed to be sleeved and those smaller
than 78 inch round are assumed to be
without sleeves.
Manhours in this and following tables
do not include fabrication of bolts or
field engineering time spent aligning
and checking bolts.
For sizes not listed, take the next highest listing.
Size
0' 8
1' 0"
1' 6"
2' 0"
2' 6"
3' 0"
3' 6"
4' 0"
.15
.15
.20
.20
.15
.15
.20
.20
.15
.15
.25
.28
.15
.20
.25
.28
.30
.33
.18
.20
.28
.30
.35
.38
8"
.40
.43
.45
.48
.50.
.53
1"
.40
.45
.48
.50
.53
.58
1 4"
.48
.50
.50
.53
.5
.65
1 2"
.50
.55
.55
.58
.60
.70
1 4"
.55
.58
.60
.65
.668
.73
2"
.65
.68
.70
.75
.78
2 4"
.70
.73
.75
.78
.80
.75
.78
.78
.80
.85
4"
8"
2"
8"
4"
2 2"
Size
Hook Type
Anchor Bolt Installation
MANHOURS EACH
Manhours are based on overall length of
anchor bolt from end to end including
hook and are average for all heights.
All bolts listed are assumed to be
sleeved.
For sizes not listed in this and following tables, take the next highest listing.
4' 6
5' 0"
5' 6"
6' 0"
6' 6"
7' 0"
7' 6"
8' 0"
8"
.90
.98
1.10
1.15
1.23
1.30
1.35
1.40
1"
.93
1.00
1.15
1.25
1.28
1.38
1.40
1.54
.95
1.10
1.25
1.28
1.30
1.40
1.45
1.50
1 4"
1
1 2"
.98
1.15
1.28
1.33
1.38
1.43
1.48
1.58
134"
1.00
1.25
1.33
1.40
1.43
1.50
1.55
1.60
2"
1.10
1.28
1.40
1.45
1.50
1.58
1.60
1.65
2 4"
1.15
1.33
1.45
1.48
1.55
1.60
1.63
1.68
1.25
1.40
1.48
1.53
1.60
1.63
1.68
1.70
2 2"
Equipment Foundations
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD
Manhours are for the placement and vibration of concrete for the items listed.
Square pad manhours are based on
placing of square pads to 4 feet high either integral with floor or over pre-set
dowels on pre-placed floor.
Offset, skewed or angled manhours
are based on that of placing a large and
bulky foundation with offsets or angles
or both.
Manhours
Item
Laborer
Oper.
Engr.
Oiler
r
Total
Square Pads
Crane & bucket
Crane, bucket & buggies
1.50
2.00
.19
.25
.19
.25
1.88
1.50
2.44
3.25
.38
.50
.38
.50
3.20
4.25
Manhours
Item
Cement Finisher
Integral Topping
Topping Finish
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Manhours are for topping finish and include mixing and stand-by time where
required.
Manhours do not include the placing
and vibrating of main floors.
.029
2" by machine
.018
1" by hand
.068
1" by machine
.022
2" by hand
Separate Topping
1
2" by hand
.036
2" by machine
.018
1" by hand
.068
Manhours
Surface Finish
Cement
Finisher
Laborer
Total
Carborundum Rub
.045
.045
.030
.030
.015
.015
.030
.030
Woodfloat
.001
.001
Broom
.003
.003
Screeding Off
.003
.003
.006
.002
.002
.250
.025
.500
Concrete Finish
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Manhours are for the types of finish noted and include all necessary operations.
In most areas, craft jurisdiction prevents laborers from helping cement finishers. Should this be the case, use total
hours as listed for cement finisher
hours.
PUBLICATION #C620129
Copyright 1962, The Aberdeen Group
All rights reserved